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泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)

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泰山医学院毕业设计（论文）

Vanity Fair: A Novel Without a Hero

院（部）系 外国语学院 所 学 专 业 英语专科 年级、班级 2013级1班 完成人姓名

裴昌贞

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指导教师姓名 专业技术职务 刘婷

2016年6月1日

泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)

Vanity Fair: A Novel Without a Hero

By Pei changzhen Supervisor: Liuting

Submitted to the School of Foreign Languages in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for

the Degree of Bachelor of Arts Taishan Medical University

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Taian, China April, 2016

泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)

论文原创性保证书

我保证所提交的论文都是自己完成，如有抄袭、剽窃、雷同等现象，愿承担相应后果，接受学校的处理。

专业： 应用英语

班级： 一班

签名： 裴昌贞

2016年6月1日

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泰山医学院本科毕业设计(论文)

Abstract

Vanity Fair wtritten by William Makepeace Thackeray who is a great British novelist of the 19 century. In this novel,the author sussessfully show a vivid picture of the British upper circles of society in the 19th century which is depicting the British aristocracy fame, no morality,and the cold false living beings.The purpose of this article is that analyzes several factors that determine thedouble life of Rebecca Sharp: social environment, the characters of the figures, and another people’s characters driven. Rebecca Sharp is the most attractive and most charm part in this novel. Although she did many bad things, but she has not lost his conscience.As a people who has a complex inner world, she also has her own merit and that is the reason why we can see a vivid figure,she is the inevitable product of the era.At the end of it, we can conclusion that Vanity Fair is a dazzling star in the artistic place of the world because we can get lessons from it to enjoy great love and happy life.

Key words:Vanity Fair ;double life; character；social background

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摘要

《名利场》的作者是萨克雷,他是英国文学史上的一位伟大的小说家，在这篇小说中作

者成功的向人们展示了 19 世纪初叶英国上流社会极为鲜明生动的生活画卷, 描摹出英国贵族阶层追名逐利、没有道德、冷酷虚假的众生相。这篇论文的主要目的是分析造成女主蓓基·夏泼上面人生的原因，分别从以下方面来讨论：社会背景，主人公的性格特征，和其他人物性格的驱动。功塑造了蓓基·夏泼这一人物形象。蓓基·夏泼是《名利场》中最具魅力、光彩照人的人物。她虽然做了许多坏事 ,可她还没有完全丧失良知。作为一个有着复杂的内心世界的人 ,她也有可取之处 ,这正是蓓基·夏泼这一人物形象血肉丰满的原因 ,她是那个时代的必然产物。因此，我们可以得出一个结论：《名利场》是世界文学史上一颗闪亮的星，因为我们可以从中获取经验和教训，来使我们可以真正的享受爱情和快乐的人生。

关键字：《名利场》、双面人生、性格、社会背景

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Contents

Chapter 1Introduction ……………………………….............…...............1 Chapter 2 Rebecca charp’s doublelife …....……...............…….................2

2.1The victim..............................................................................................................2

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2.2 The victimizer.......................................................................................................3 .........................................................................3 ............................................................................3

Chapter 3 Factors for the double life ……………..........................…........5

3.1 The Social Factors..................................................................................................5 3.2 The Family Factors.................................................................................................5 3.3 The Author’s individual Factors.............................................................................6

Chapter 4 Conclusion…………………………………..................……..…7 Bibliography……………………………………...........…......................…8 Acknowledgement…………………...………………......................……....9

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Chapter 1 Introduction

Vanity Fair is a work which can withstand the test of time.The subtitle of the book, “A Novel Without a Hero,” emphasize the fact that the writer’s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole.

The plot of this novel is that the title of Vanity Fair was taken from Bunyan Pilgrim’s Progress. The scene of the story is England in the first half of the 19th century. The book opens with the two girls from their school in a London suburb, where they have studied for 6 years. One of them was Amelia Sedley , the daughter of a wealthy London family.At the begin of the story,she love George , they marrired and Amile was pregnant before George gone to the battlefield,but after this war, George was died,and in fact,George had love Rcbecca sharp in a party.So at the end of the story, Rebecca Sharp led Amile and William Dobbin toghter.The other was Rebecca Sharp, an orphan.When she was young,everyone have looked down upon him,so she decided to have a better life.At first,she want to marry Jos Sedley who is Amelia's older brother,but she failed.Then she become a tutor at Pitt Crawley’s home.And she fall in love with Roden,hey marrired and Amile was pregnant before George gone to the battlefield,but when he come back to home, Miss Crawleyhad not give them any property,Their life were in distress.At the end of story,Rebecca sharp lose Roden’s love,but gain Jos Sedley’s love,and they gone to India.

On real significance, it’s in Anglo-American literature class that I am familiar with Vanity Fair,the figures and the plots which are deep in my heart and I can draw some life inspirations fromthis novel.William Makepeace Thackeray said：“I want to describe a group of people which are most foolish and selfish,and all the people are desperate for fame and fortune.”Everyone is try their best to gain the life that they are eager to have,but they always be hindered by the money、love and the position. In fact, the purpose of this article is to analyse the reason which make Rebecca sharp has a double life.Some factors can be listed as follows:enviroment factors、family factors and anoter people’s character driven.From this novei,we can draw the conclusion that Vanity Fair is a great work which is connected by Amlie and Rebecca shrp’s life.Amile is a bourgeois lady,Rebecca sharp is a lady who had nothing,but she use all the toll,just as marriage and friendship to gain the

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money and the position.Athough their diffierent life experience,William Makepeace Thackeray draw a vivid life of the upper class and describe the selfish and foolish people.Their life tell us that authough our life have some difficults,we should try our best to live,but we should use the right way and we should know“A content mind is a continul feast.”Anytime we should have a positive mind of life.

The thesis is a tentative study in this filed, the frame work for this thesis is as follows: Chapter one is the general description of this thesis; Chapter two is about analysis of the double life, it is mainly about discuss the diffierent idea of Rebecca sharp which include the victim and the victimizer; Chapter three is talking about the factors lead to the double life from different views; Chapter four is conclusions. It gives us a general summary of the whole thesis and put forward the limitations and recommendations for the further study.

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Chapter 2 Rebecca sharp’s double life

2.1The victim

There are so many comments on Rebecca Sharp in the history of literature. The most of people deem that she is a lady who has no shame, debauchery, vanity, and has a poor taste. She only has the pursuit of money, position and fame. In order to achieve her aim, she can use on of her interlligences, and use unscrupulous divisive tactics, which brought the great pain on the people around her. But when we compare it with other people’s way of life and from the period which she was to know her, we can see that she is the victim of that period. When she brought great pain to others, she also suffered the pain of that period. We can see some disadvantages, from Rebecca Sharp. But when we blame her, we also can not cover up our sympathy for her, and of some time, we also can have same feeling about her helpless and distress. She was born in a poor family. At the age of 8, she should help her father to deal with some things, and try her best to ask the debt collectors leave. After her father died, she was sent to the school in a Landon suburb, where she studied for 6 years.

In school, everyone looked down up her, just because of she was a poor girl. When she left this school, she refused the dictionary which is the symbol of the honor.

At first,she had been married Amile’s brother——Joe Sedley. But Genye has interferied with his plan, he deem that Rebecca Sharp had not have enough position to compare with Joe Sedlley, which made her fall to do it.

Then she became a tutor at sir Pitt Crowley’s house. In this house, Rebecca Sharp and Roden was fall in love at first sight, and at the next time, they got married without telling his aunt-Miss Crowley, who is a rich woman and love Rebecca Sharp very much on the surface. But she can’t admit their marriage. In order to live, she become tool of Stcyne Count, and she should earn money to support Roden, but at the end of the story, he abandoned Rebecca Sharp, and gain a position from Steyie Cant. Rebecca Sharp is a story woman who use her enough courage and will to face the difficult life, which is deeply mored the reader. On the one hand, she is a selfish ,vanity and loose lady, and on the other hand, she helps Amile and William Dobbin have a marriage love, athough Dobbin was hate her so much. On the one hand , she tries every possible ways to ingratiate Steyne Count to gain the money, on the other hand ,when her husband frighted with Steyne Annt, she was admire of his brave and strange. On the one hand, she despise her husband ,and put him as a servant, on the other hand,

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when she lost Roden, she missed Roden so much. On the one hand, she try her best to gain the money, on the other hand, she is still longing for true love. When she saw William Dobbin has a deeply love with Amile. She thought that if she has a husband who has both true and intelligence, she wouldn’t mind his big feet.

When she saw William Dobbin has a deeply love with Amile. She thought that if she has a husband who has both true and intelligence, she wouldn’t mind his big feet.

Rebecca’s period was full of intrigues, fame, fortune and corruption. Everyone wants to get money, power and status in society. What they have done is generally as same as Rebecca Sharp. She is no more than a little people in “Vanity Fair”. Compared with Rebecca Sharp, Steyne Count is more bader than her, he done many worse and evil things in his whole life, but he still glory after death. As far as she is innocent or guilty. In that society, who has the right and gratifications to judge her? In such a society, who is a innocent man?

2.2The victimizer

She is a clever and beautiful lady with the complex character. In the eyes of

Roden, she is a charm and affective lady;In the eyes of Dobbin, she is a cunning lady; In the eyes of Pitt Crowlry, she is smart and has a great power to organize the home; In the eyes of Miss Ctanley, she is a good partner with considerate and versatile. In the eyes of Steyne Count, she was cheating her husband, and at the same time, she deceive on the people who she knows. Her soul was corroded by fame, fortune and fortune, she is the satire and irony of that period.

At first, when she left the school, she saw Amile’s brother brought two gorgeous cashmeres to Amile. She said:’’ It’s a good thing to have a elder brother.’’ It is reasonable, because she was alone after her father died, she had no relatives and friends, which words are caused Amile’s sympathy. Then she cleverly asked Amile some questions and learn that her brother is not married and he is a tich man. She was determined to try her best to get Joe Sedley’s heart and she can marry with him except Amile’s boyfriend stopped her, Although she knew George don’t want to let she marry with Joe Sedley, but she said nothing and happy to accept his gift.

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In Pitt Crowley’s house, she played all the means to win the love of his

family. She was determined to make friends with all the people around her. She

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just used six weeks to make Roden fall in love with her and married her in secret. Rebecca Sharp’s aim is try her best to get money to feed her family, but after Miss Crowley died, she only left 200 pounds to Roden ,Sharp accept this really and promised Roden ,she would give him a fortune. She try her best to please George, Joe Sedley and all the powerful people, which the purpose is to gain the money and wreath. She called George as ’’cupid’’ and use her sweet words which made George want to take her go in secret before the war. During the battle of Waterloo, she sole her horse to George with a high price. After the Waterloo war, she has a comfortable life with Roden in Paris, borrowed the name of Miss Crowley. She only use 1500pounds paid on the debt.They were able to Landon and lived in Crowey’s family. She began to please Roden’s brother and his wife, in order to enter the cirde of the upper class, finally, she achieved this goal and had the opportunity to see the king. In a chance, she found that Steyne Count was a powerful and rich man,so she began to try to seduce him. He admire her famine beauty, versatile and sense of humor and he was willing to invite her to his private party, and some of the London grandees were accept her quickly. She become a frequent visitor to the French embassy. Except Roden and Sharp’s party is not perfect. All in all, she was accepted by the upper society. She was lying to Steyne Count to gain 1000 pounds and other gifts, which should send her son to the public school. When Roden found their ambiguous relationship, he abandon Rebecca Sharp and he live a few years of wondering life. From this novel, we found she use the marriage as a tool to achieve pursuit of wreath and position, She constantly planning how to through the marriage to boost her social status. At the began of the story ,she regrets that she don’t has a mother to coange her life, she just candepund on herself, she started love Joe Sedley is only for money, she don’t care about him and tough him in private. For Robon Sharp, marriage is just a shorthand to change her life. Then when she meet Pitt Crawley, she try her best to arrange everything in the house to make Pitt Crowley can’t leaver her, she was very regret when Pitt Crawley asked her to marry him, because of he had married with Rodan. She is a selfish lady who doesn’t love her husband, she doesn’t care whether he will died or not in the battle, just take care of how many money she can get. The ambiguous relationship between Steyne Count which can prove this, she doesn’t care of her son and her friends, even use these to get money, just for investment in the marriage didn’t get the rich rewards.

Though the analysis of Rebecca Sharp, we can draw a conclusion that she has a posit of money, position and wealth, at same time, she use the friendship, marriage and love to get it. At last, she got what she want, she was harm for others. Not only she is a victim, but also a victimizer. Her experience can make us better understand the life, thinking about life and learn a lesson from it. And also we can know the real life of that period, and to explore what kind of morality should be established, what way should be used to get what we wanted. Not only should we protect other’s benefits but also create a hormones environment.

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Though the above analysis, we can use that Rebecca Sharp pay all the cost for the pursuit of money and social status. She is talented has rich sense of humor and know the character of human mind. With the powerful and rich man ,regardless of their age an have a kind of ambiguous relation, which is her way to change her life. In other to sure 100 pound, she pretended to be sick which should make her have a chance to escape her husband. She is a poor girl, so she should depend on her own determination and courage to live, which is not easy, but her means are too immoral. She is a lair, a thief, and try to please the people who is useful to her. As the time going, she became dangerous and evil, from this, we can sure that she is a really victimizer.

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Chapter 3 Factors for the double life

3.1 The social factors

This story is bastes on the busy British upper class in the 19th century. Maybe,the most splendid and breathtaking chapter of the British history is the British in 19th country, which is considered as a magnificent poem in human civilization. At this time, British is a stormy country, the industry and the commerce is developed. The rich business man is the best of that country. Meanwhile, the war between England and England and Franch was began, which are wanted to get more lands and revenues. The middle of class are busy for position and reputation. After 1801, England become a manner in the war which lasted for 14 years. The British controlled the sea power and the foreign trade grew exponentially. Business achieved unprecedented prosperity. The victory of the war expended their colonial range,whidch made England become the supply place and the dumping place. Not only provided the cheaper goods to England, but also crented a good environment which can help England develop their economic.With the visiting of the industry output,British has become the knighted degree of industrialized countries of the world in 19th country. It also change the Britishs economic in the world-——Landon has become the center of the worlds financial and trade. During the middle of the 19th,we called ’’The history of the Vitoria Area’’.

During the development of British industry, a large number of rnral popnlation more to the cities, and the process of urbanization is accelerated. After 1851,the population of the city is more than the population of rural population. The new way of life is substitute for the old way in countryside. During the development of British industy, some new questions were rasied. Because they don’t have a suitable policy to fit it. The first is the exploiting class. In the development of capitalism, the working class was oppredded. They didn’t get any benefit from the development of British industry, the wideing gap between the rich and the poor is more and more bigger. The question of the poor people was not solved for a long time, and the population of the poor people in the country was antinne raise. We just can use ’’wretched’’ to describe their life. The second question is the environment pollution, with the development of industry, their waste gas and waste water are have the bad influence of the environment. The quality of the air was continued to decline. England has became the famous’’Oliver’’ in the world.

3.2 The cultural background

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With the development of economy, the society also has a great change in literature. Emergente of a new type of literature-——modernist literature. It pays attention to the observation of life, to maximize the response of people’s living condition and appearance. With the fade of the Romantic literature, Modernist literature has became the host of the literative in the middle of 19th country.

In 19th country, British women were primarily family character rather than the professional roles, so they were limited in their social functions. And women’s status is low, the man qust, take them as the servants. They have no rights, no assets and they just can rely on their marriage become a man’s wife. For this reason , Rebecca Sharp was use the marriage and love to gain the money and position.

3.3 Author’s individual Factors

Thackeray was the only son of Richmond Thackeray, an administrator in

the East India Company. His father died in 1815, and in 1816 Thackeray was sent home to England. His mother joined him in 1820, having married (1817) an engineering officer with whom she had been in love before she met Richmond Thackeray. After attending several grammar schools Thackeray went in 1822 to Charterhouse, the London public (private) school, where he led a rather lonely and miserable existence.

He was happier while studying at Trinity College, Cambridge (1828–30). In 1830 he left Cambridge without taking a degree, and during 1831–33 he studied law at the Middle Temple, London. He then considered painting as a profession; his artistic gifts are seen in his letters and many of his early writings, which are amusingly and energetically illustrated. All his efforts at this time have a dilettante air, understandable in a young man who, on coming of age in 1832, had inherited £20,000 from his father. He soon lost his fortune, however, through gambling and unlucky speculations and investments. In 1836, while studying art in Paris, he married a penniless Irish girl, and his stepfather bought a newspaper so that he could remain there as its correspondent. After the paper's failure (1837) he took his wife back to Bloomsbury, London, and became a hardworking and prolific professional journalist.

Of Thackeray's three daughters, one died in infancy (1839); and in 1840, after her last confinement, Mrs. Thackeray became insane. She never recovered and long survived her husband, living with friends in the country. Thackeray was, in effect, a widower, relying much on club life and gradually giving more and more attention to his daughters, for whom he established a home in London in 1846.

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The serial publication in 1847–48 of his novel Vanity Fair brought Thackeray both fame and prosperity, and from then on he was an established author on the English scene.

Thackeray's one serious romantic attachment in his later life, to Jane Brookfield, can be traced in his letters. She was the wife of a friend of his Cambridge days, and during Thackeray's “widowerhood,” when his life lacked an emotional centre, he found one in the Brookfield home. Henry Brookfield's insistence in 1851 that his wife's passionate but platonic friendship with Thackeray should end was a grief greater than any the author had known since his wife's descent into insanity.

Thackeray tried to find consolation in travel, lecturing in the United States on The English Humorists of the 18th Century (1852–53; published 1853) and on The Four Georges (1855–56; published 1860). But after 1856 he settled in London. He stood unsuccessfully for Parliament in 1857, quarreled with Dickens, formerly a friendly rival, in the so-called “Garrick Club Affair” (1858), and in 1860 founded The Cornhill Magazine, becoming its editor. After he died in 1863, a commemorative bust of him was placed in Westminster Abbey.

From his life experiences,we can see that his life is a tragedy.He didn’t have a warm family,and one of his daughter wan died in his later life,which made hin write this novel---Vanity fair as a tragedy.And when his father died.He inherited his father’s legacy then he studied law but is not successful, after a series of failures, he is only familiar with the various strata of the upper middle class.,which made him can describe it vividly.

Chapter 4 Conclusion

When I read to the part where Becky seduced Amelia's husband, I felt a strong hatred for Becky inside myself. When it comes to that Amelia was abandoned by her husband, I had my sympathy for her. When I finished reading, I had deep feelings. I could not help asking myself: 'What kind of person am I? The Becky or the Amelia?' Fortunately, I am none of them. As James Allen puts it: 'Dream lofty dreams, and as you dream, so shall you become. Your vision is the promise of what you shall one day be; your ideal is the prophecy of what you shall at last unveil.' I will bravely seek after the happiness like Becky, but never in her way.

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Although Vanity Fair was written in the 19th century, the novel is still of reflective value to our real world. In our society, people are unable to see things clearly. They are confused because their minds are full of wealth, power, vanity or so-called love. This love is like a game, not a true love. It's easy for us to encounter some Beckys in the real world. Becky is a representative of people who are governor-oriented or money talks. In their mind, power and money means everything. They can give up all for positions and money. In the novel, to enter the upper class, Becky sets morality aside to seduce Amelia's husband. She is a negative example which reminds us what is not to be done. On the contrary, Amelia stands for those people who are spineless. They are conventional and tend to accept the reality as it is. They have no intention to struggle for something better. And therefore, it's difficult for them to have a place in the world.

However, as a female, I think Becky is very brave. Everyone longs for happiness. Everyone pursues happiness. Thus, what Becky has done are only for her simple aim----happiness. Because she comes from an ignoble family, she has to try her best to do everything. She has only herself to rely on. She believes that a woman of low birth can marry into the purple. Due to her strong-mindedness, she never gives up when difficulties arise, though sometimes she is in the wrong way. Nowadays, people are going after fame and fortune. Once you have owned one of them, others will pay social attention to you, which makes you arrogant and proud and forget who you are.

That's what Becky does. On one hand, she is full of ideas and intelligence. On the other hand, she is dangerous and cunning. It is true that every one should try his best to achieve what he is pursuing. But we should do it in a proper and moral way. And whatever we do, we shouldn't forget that love and humanity should remain the most cherishable elements in our life.

Amelia is a kind, warm-hearted and tolerant person. She gets well along with each other. If Becky Sharp can own all these virtues she can also live a good life. However, something happens in life is inevitable. It is her poor family background that makes Becky become so audacious.

Vanity Fair is a trap that everyone is likely to step into however careful he may try to be. Thackeray has drawn a lifelike tableau of the Vanity Fair in reality in the novel. That is the reason why the novel has been popular for so many years.

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Bibliography

[1 ] 萨克雷(贾文浩 ,贾文渊译) . 名利场[M ] . 北京:燕山出版社 ,1995.

[2 ] 张生珍. 剖析《名利场》中蓓基的另一面[J ] . 甘肃教育学院 ,2001 , (4) :1 - 3

[ 3 ] (英) 萨克雷. 名利场 [M ].杨必译. 北京: 人民文学出版社,1957.

[ 4 ] (英) 莎士比亚全集(一) [M ]. 北京: 人民文学出版社, 1986. [ 5 ]Lames Vinson. Novelists [M]. The Macmillian Press Ltd. , 1997. [6]HarrisFitzgerald.NineteenthCenturyLiteratureCriticism[M].England:OxfordUniversityPress,1977.

[7] Liu Bingshan. Brief History of English Literature [M]. Shanghai :Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press ,1985.

[8] William Makepeace Thackery. Vanity Fair [M]. The Continental Book Company ,1995. htt [9] 《名利场》（英文阅读与精练）,弘扬（主编），首都经济贸易大学出版社，2002

[10] 名利场》（掌上名著英语系列丛书），王怡（主编），世界图书出版公司，2001

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Acknowledgements

For the writing of the thesis, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to all

those who have offered me invaluable help during the writing of the thesis.

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First, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, professor Liuting, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She has walked me though all the stage of the writing of this thesis. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form. Second, I should give my heartly thanks to all the other faculty members of the Department of English for their patient instruction in various courses and their precious suggestion for my study here.

Lastly, my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving

considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude my friends and my fellow classments who give help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.

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