数词
数词是表示数量多少或序次先后的词。分为基数词和序数词。
(一)基数词
1. 表示数量多少的词是基数词,如: one, two, three等。 2. 数词的构成
1)从 1-12 分别由从 one 到 twelve, 12 个各不一样样的词表示。
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
2)从 13- 19 均今后缀 -teen 结尾。
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
3)从 20- 90 的整十数词均今后缀 -ty 结尾。表示 “几十几 ”时,个位和十位之间
需加连字符。
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
21 twenty-one
32 thirty-two 43 forty-three
4)整百数由 1— 9 加 hundred 构成。 100 one (a) hundred
500 five hundred
5) 整百数和整十数之间由 and 连接,十位与个位之间要加连字符 “-”。若是十位数为零,那就在百位和个位之间用 and 连接。
101 one hundred and two
245 two hundred and forty- five
十亿 billion
6)千 thousand 百万 million Exercise: 写出以下数字 12 40 400 35
14 90
600 78 678
20 19
305
2、 序数词
序数词表示排列序次,如 first, second, third 等。
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(完满word版)小学英语数词讲解与练习
构成规则:
1) 序数词第一、 第二和第三为 first, second 和 third, 其他序数词的构成是在基数词后加 th。比方:
six → sixth seven → seventh ten → tenth four → fourth
2) fifth( 第五 )、 eigth (第八 )、 ninth ( 第九 )和 twelfth ( 第十二 )在拼法上有变化。
first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
3) 二十、三十等基数词变成序数词时
,要把 y 变成 ie 再加 -th。比方:
twenty → twentieth forty → fortieth
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth, eightieth, ninetieth
4) 基数词几十几变成序数词时 ,表示几十的数词不变 ,只把表示几的基数词变成序数词。比方:
twenty-one → twenty-first forty- five → forty-fifth
5) 第一百、第一千、第一百万、 第十亿都是在基数词后直接加 th 构成。比方: 第一百 →hundredth 第一千 →thousandth 第一百万 →millionth 第十亿 → billionth
6).序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成。
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th
比方:
7) 序数词前必定加定冠词 the
The first time I came to China, I liked it very much. 我第一次来中国,我就特别喜欢这个国家。
The first is always better than the second. She will choose the third. Exercise:
把以下基数词改成序数词。 one
two
nine
three
eight
她将选择第三。
第一总是比第二好。
five
fourteen
twenty
thirty-five
3. 数词的应用
1)时辰的表示法
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(完满word版)小学英语数词讲解与练习
A、表示几点钟用基数词加可以省略的 5:00 读作 five o'clock 或 five B、半点的表示法
o'clock
表示半点钟时,用“钟点数 + thirty ”或“ half+ past +钟点数”表示
2: 30 two thirty / half past two 8:30 eighty thirty / half past eighty C、“几点几分”的表示法
( 1)用“钟点数 +分钟数”表示
7:10 seven ten 9:40 nine forty
( 2)分钟数在 30 分钟以内的,用“分钟数 + past +钟点数”表示,意为“几点过几分“
7:10 ten past seven 10:15 fifteen past ten / a quarter past ten
( 3)分钟数高出 30 分钟的,用“( 60-分钟数) + to +下一个钟点数”表示,意为“差几分到几点”
10:40 twenty to eleven 2 : 45 fifteen to three / a quarter to three
Exercise: 用英语表示以下时间 10: 05 12:10 5:47 3:51 6:00
8: 30 1:15 9:23 11:49 7:22
2) 编号的表示法
编号既可以用序数词 ,也可用基数词。
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(完满word版)小学英语数词讲解与练习
the tenth lesson Lesson Ten 第十课
the fiftieth page page 50 第五十页 有的编号习惯上常用基数词。比方:
Room 321(读作 three two one) 电话号码 4013586
3)年、月、日的表示法
321 号房间
读作 Telephone number four 0 one three five eight six)
英语中表示日期的序次平时为月日年或日月年。
1、月、日的表示法
“月”用英语中表示月份的名词,“日”用基数词或序数词表示都可以。
7 月 8 日 July 8(July eight) / July 8th ( July the eighth)
10 月 1 日 October 1 ( October one) / October 1st ( October the first) 2、年的表示法
1983 → nineteen eighty-three 1700 → seventeen hundred 1870→ eighteen seventy
2008→ two thousand and eight
1601→ sixteen and one或 sixteen hundred and one 965→ nine sixty-five
3、年、月、日的表示法
1986 年 9 月 1 日 September 1st, 1986 / 1st September, 1986 2011 年 8 月 8 日 August 8, 2011 / 8th August, 2011 Exercise:
用英语表示以下日期 11 月 1 号
2 月 10 号
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(完满word版)小学英语数词讲解与练习
5 月 22 号 10 月 3 号 四、课堂练习
9 月 17 号 12 月 19 号
1)依照括号中的数字填写合适的序数词或基数词(写单词)。 1、Bill is
(14)years old , he is in Class
(3)of March .
(9)month in a year .
( 1) one or the
(2)Grade
(6).
2、My birthday is on the 3、September is the 5、There are
4、Which boy is thinner , the
(2)one ?
(55) students in our class .
2)单项选择
( )1. There are ___________ days in a year.
A .three hundred and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty-five
C. three hundreds and sixty five D. three hundreds and sixty— five
( )2. Danny lives in __________.
A .room 404 B. Room 404 C.404 room D.404 Room
( )3. Jim is in __________.
A .class one, grade six B.grade one, class six
C. Class One,Grade Six D.Grade One, Class Six
( )4. The bike cost me _________ yuan.
A .five hundred forty B.five hundreds fourty
C. five hundred and forty D.five hundred fourty
( )5. My telephone number is ____________.
A .eighty eight two forty four zero nine
B. eight eight two double four O nine
C. eighty eight two forty-four zero nine
D.eight eight two four four zero nine
( )6. Is there any food for us _________?
A .ten B. tenth C. the tenth D.the ten
( )7. Mary is _________ girl.
A. an 8 year old B . 8 一 years—old
C. the 8 years old D.an 8 一 year— old
( )8. —What day is today? — ___________
A .June B.Tuesday
D. It ’ s fine C.It is hot
( )9. — What’ s the date today?— ___________
A .It ’Saturdays B. It ’ s JulyC.It ’ s fineD.It ’ s JuIy 15
( )10.— What time do you get up every day?
A .It ’ s seven o ’ clockB.Seven o ’ clock time
C. At seven D. On seven
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(完满word版)小学英语数词讲解与练习
五 课后作业
1.There are ___________ days in a year.
A. three hundred and sixty five B. three hundred and sixty-five C. three hundreds and sixty five D.three hundreds and sixty—five ( )2.Danny lives in __________.
A. room 404 B.Room 404 C.404 room D. 404 Room ( )3.Jim is in __________.
A. class one, grade six B.grade one, class six C. Class One,Grade Six D.Grade One Class Six ( )4.The bike cost me _________ yuan. A. five hundred forty B . five hundreds fourty
C. five hundred and forty D. five hundred fourty ( )5.My telephone number is ____________. A. eighty eight two forty four zero nine B.eight eight two double four O nine C. eighty eight two forty-four zero nine D. eight eight two four four zero nine
( )6.Is there any food for us _________? A. ten B. tenth C. the tenth D.the ten ( )7.Mary is _________ girl.
A. an 8 year old B.8 一 years—old
C. the 8 years old D. an 8 一 year—old ( )8.— What day is today?— ___________
A. June B.Tuesday C.It is hot D .It ’ s fine ( )9.— What’ s the date today? —
A. It ’ s Saturday.BIt ’ s July.CIt ’ s fine.DIt ’JuIy 15 ( )10.—What time do you get up every day? A. It ’ s seven o ’ clock.SevenB o ’ clock time C. At seven D. On seven
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