高中英语教师辅导教案
课次编号： 年 级： 课 时 数：3 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课时间： 非谓语的句法功能 学习目标 非谓语的形式 教学内容 非谓语知识梳理 时态：若非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则用一般式。 语态：当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系，用主动式；是被动关系，用被动式 否定式：在非谓语动词前+ not 结构特征 1.主语： 不定式：It’s + adj + to do 动名词：It’s no use/useless/ no good/worthwhile doing sth 句首ing Seeing is believing./To see is to belive 1
2.宾语： 不定式：V + to do 动名词：V + doing 3.表语 不定式：...is to do... 动名词：...is doing 分词：...is -ved 感到...的；...的 ...is -ving 令人感到...的；令人...的 4.定语 不定式：n to do 动名词：swimming pool/waiting room 分词： 位置特征：在N 的前或后边 前置：单个分词/形容词 后置：分词短语/从句/复合不定代词 5.状语 伴随状语= 并列句 其他状语=状语从句 2
6.补语 (1)V sb to do sth. (2)看/听/感觉 (3)使役动词：have /make/let / get 难点易错点：非谓语的时态语态 非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前 __________________many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises. They appeared ______________ (misunderstand)me, so I had to explain to them. ___________________ (ask)to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film. 表示将来，且为被动 She is busy preparing for the exams __________ (hold) next month. He said he was _________ (send) there to attend an important meeting next Friday. There were many talented actors out there just waiting _______(discovered). 表示正在进行中，且为被动 The problem____________ (discuss) in the meeting room now. Let’s just wait for the result. 易错要点总结： （一）被动形式表主动意义 某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化, 且常用于系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示状态，作状语不 表示被动关系，前面不能加being。 3
高频考点： be seated＝sit，be located＝lie，be dressed in＝wear，be left＝remain，be devoted to＝devote oneself to be faced with ... ,be equipped with ...,be lost in ...,be absorbed in...,be tired of... Absorbed/lost in his book,he didn’t notice me enter the room. [题组训练] Do you know the girl_________________(seat) under the tree? There are many problems________________(remain) to be solved. There are many problems ________________(leave) unsolved. _________(devote) to science，he will be remembered forever. ________(devote) all his life to science，he will be remembered forever. Though (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ (seat)as the plane was making a landing. （二）非谓语中主动表被动 1. 在作表语和补语的形容词后作状语，用不定式的主动形式表被动含义。如： This text is easy to learn. 这篇课文很容易学。 I find this text easy to learn.我觉得这篇课文很容易学。 结构： 主语+系动词+adj+to do”的结构中，此结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed等，表示主语特征、性质或说明产生这种情感的原因。 4
原理：此结构中，主语与不定式存在逻辑上被动关系，且形容词表示主语的特征、性质或状态。 The book is hard ____________( understand). We were astonished _________ (find) the temple still in its original condition. 2. 在表示“需要”的need, want, require等后用v-ing的主动式表示被动含义，此时也可用不定式的被动式。如： My English needs improving/to be improved. 我的英语需要提高。 3. 表示“有……要……”用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。如： I have a lot of work to do.我有许多事要做。 【注】若表示有事要让别人做，则用have sth to be done 4. 作表语的to blame是主动表被动。如： He is to blame for this.他会因此而受到责备. 5. 在message letter sign news notice等词后要用现在分词作定语，不用过去分词，这是考试的易错点。 [题组训练] 1. These apples are good_______ (eat). 2. I was surprised ________(see) you're taking this class. 3. The problem is difficult _________(deal)with. 4. There is something wrong with his computer and it need ________(repair) 5
(三）to do 作目的状语与Ving 作伴随状语 的用法混淆 区分技巧：现在分词表伴随，其动作和谓语是同时进行。 不定式表目的，其动作有先后，即先有谓语，再有不定式的动作 [题组训练] 1. The secretary worked all night long,_______(prepare) a long speech for the president. 2. He went to bed _______(drink). The next morning he woke up only ________(find) himself lying on the floor. 3. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland,_______(stare) at the night sky. 4. When I was little ,my mother used to sit by my bed,______(tell) me stories till I fell asleep. 5. More TV programs, according to government officials,will be produced _______(raise)people’s concern over food safety. (四）不定式做定语 1. 当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next，the only，the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 He was the best man_______ (do) the job. She was the first woman_________(win) a gold medal in the Olympic Games． 2. 被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见名词：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way 等。 And the best way ____________(strengthen)willpower is to make it into a habit. [题组训练] 1. The are still many problems _____________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 2. Back from his two－year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ______(take) 6
good care of at home. 3. He is thought__________(act)foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. (五）使役动词的宾补 have，make，let，get+复合宾语的用法： ①make + 宾语 + do 让...做（宾语与宾补为逻辑上主动关系） +done 让....被做（宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系） They made me repeat the story. / He raised his voice to make himself heard. ②let +宾语 +do ③have： have + 宾语 + do sth 使...做 doing sth 使...持续做 done 使...被做 注：“现在分词”表示主体使客体一直做某事； “过去分词”表示动作是别人做的 或 宾语的状态或性质。 【特别注意】 1、have sth done的用法集合： （1）(主语)请/派别人完成某事：I had/got that door painted last week. 宾语与宾语为逻辑上被动关系 宾语与宾补为逻辑上主动关系 7
（2）(主语)完成某事(可能参与)：They are going to have/ got some threes planted. （3）(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况或遭遇不愉快的事情。 Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine. I had my leg broken when I got off the bus. （4）用于否定句中，表示“不允许….”“不让”。 I won’t have anything said against her. / I won’t have my house turned into a hotel. 2、have sb. do 劝说，让，命令…做：I can have my assistant help me do it. 3、have sb. doing 让某人不停地做；允许，准许(常用于否定句) The two men had their lights burning all night long. Absolutely he won’t have you going into his house if you don’t refer to me. 4、have sth. to do (主语)有某事要做(主语做)：I have some important calls to make. have sth. to be done (主语)有某事要(让别人)做 I’m going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your son? ④get + 宾语 + to do sth/done He got his brother to help him. 译: ① We saw the teacher making the experiment . ②I found myself lost and couldn’t sense the right direction. You shouldn’t have the boy standing out all the morning. ② I must go town to have my computer repaired. [题组训练] 1. I have a lot of readings___________ (complete) before the end of this term. 8
2. I have a meeting_________ (attend) today. . 3. The book is cheap enough_______ (buy). 4. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _________ (sit) at the front. 5. For In the spring of the following year they make the long and tiring journey back to Britain.They get (settle) on the same barn or tree in the same district which they left the previous autumn. (六）逻辑主语一致问题 分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语要与句子的主语相一致。若它们之间的关系是主谓关系，用现在分词，而动宾关系则用过去分词。如果分词的动作先于谓语，分词要用完成时。 Having finished his composition, he went home. 如果分词短语的逻辑主语与句子不是相同的，则要用从句或分词独立主格结构来表示。 Weather permitting, we will go to the Center Park. [题组训练] （ ）1._______,the work can be done much better. A. Given more time B. We had been given more time C. More time given D. If more time had given （ ）2. The bus was crowded with passengers going home from market, most of ________ carrying heavy bags and baskets full of fruit and vegetables they had bought there. A. them B. who C. whom D. which （ ）3. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair _________. A. flowed in the breeze B. was flowing in the breeze C. were flowing in the breeze D. flowing in the breeze 专题过关 1. 单句改错。 9
1).The foreigner tried his best to make his point be understood. 5). You should speak loudly enough to make yourself hear. 2.单项选择。 1）Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 2)Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another. A. perform B. performing C. to perform D. being performed 3）The first text books ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written 4) The Olympic games, ____ in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 5) --- Good morning. Can I help you? --- I’d like to have this package _____, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 6） I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ______. A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught 7）She was glad to see her child well ____ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking 8) Ford tried dividing the labor，each worker _________ a separate task. A.assigning B.assigned C.was assigned D.would be assigned 9) Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 10
10) Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students. A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 理清谓语动词和非谓语动词 [题组一] ①He volunteered to help control traffic, (donate) an hour of his time every week. ②He volunteered to help control traffic, and (donate) an hour of his time every week. [题组二] ① (call) me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. ② (call) me tomorrow, I’ll let you know the lab result. [题组三] ①The guide (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. ②The guide (lead) the way, so we had no trouble getting out of the forest. [题组四] ①The party will be held in the garden, weather (permit)． ②The party will be held in the garden, if weather (permit)． [题组五] ①Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, and all his attention (fix) on it. ②Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, (with) all his attention (fix) on it. ③Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, (fix) all his attention on it. [题组六] ①He went into the room, (sit) at the table and began to read newspapers. ②They walked along the stream together, (talk) and laughing. 11
课后作业 1. I was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first table that was _______ (convenient) than others. 2. Whatever happens in China, the third_______ (large) country in the world with 20 percent of the world’s population, will certainly shape the immediate and distant futures of us all. 3. As the researchers expected, 30% of the chefs _______(survey) said that their best meal as a kid was still what they liked the most as an adult. 4. However, our discussions are more than just a way _______ (practice) our debating skills. 5. He sat on the platform,_______(prepare) to answer the question. 6. Lost of rescue workers were working around the clock,_______(send) supplies to Yushe,Qinghai Province after the earthquake. 7. I explain the theory as clearly as possible,_______(hope) to make it easy__________(understand). 8. Group activities will be organized after class ________(help) children develop team spirit. 9. Brown stood at the door,________(welcome)newcomers with a large smile. A Giving hongbao, or red packets, during the Spring Festival or other important occasions is a long Chinese tradition. A red packet, usually a red envelope with money in it, __1__ (give) out to children by parents, grandparents, or relatives and friends as a way of wishing them good luck or good fortune. According to the Internet, __2__ (compare) with the fat hongbao children got in previous years, red envelopes during this Spring Festival became fewer and __3__ (thin). For those children who had got a lot of money from their red envelopes in the past, the slim red packets they __4__ (receive) this year might lead to their complaints __5__ make them less happy during the festival. However, fewer red packets stand for a positive social trend, __6__ should be encouraged. __7__ (hand) out red packets is a kind of expression of love to children, regardless of how much money __8__ contain. With a large amount of lucky money during the Spring Festival, some children become moneybags over one night. Too much money won't be beneficial for children to make a wise choice __9__ saving and spending. In this reason, it is necessary __10__ (change) the way to express our feelings.
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