【导与练】(全国卷)2016届高考英语二轮复习 强化技能限时训练(十六)阅读理解(综合考查)

(限时40分钟)

( A )

(2015福建普通高中毕业班质量检测)【科普知识类】

The world has a fast growing population and people need more land for

houses,factories,highways and so on.The farmland is decreasing with each passing day.How to meet the need of feeding the growing population?One way is to introduce some high-output gene into a crop to enable it to produce more.

Biologists over the years have discovered genes which can raise output of the crops,resist pests,improve taste,etc.However,in many western countries there is widespread concern over the safety of “Genetically Modified”(GM) (转基因) foods,because they think there may be serious problems of environment,health,safety,morality and so on.

As a scientist I must admit GM foods involve great risks to humans.In fact in Europe they’re called “Frankenstein foods” by many.Frankenstein is a character in a novel.He was a very clever scientist.He created a monster(怪物),which eventually killed him.

Soybeans can be made into many foods.However,it’s hard to trace them.Therefore,it’s very important we have to make sure the soybean,if genetically modified,is free from any poisonous matter harmful to human beings.For this we need very good testing.We do have some testing on some animals,but no completely satisfactory testing has ever been made so far.They’re entirely new,and their problems are entirely unknown.It takes time to develop persuasive tests to know whether they’re harmful to us or not.

We may not be able to tell what may happen if we take GM foods.Some of them may be resistant to antibiotics (抗生素).Then many of the medicines we have today will have no effect on people eating GM foods.

A more likely case is the GM foods may contain genes some people are allergic to.GM products have already come into our lives but most people even know nothing about it.At least we have to be clear about what we are eating.The China Consumers Association is calling for labeling (标注) on GM foods so that consumers will know before they buy them. 1.The chief purpose of developing GM foods is to . A.feed the fast growing population B.make the foods much cheaper C.make the foods much tastier D.kill pests on the crops

2.From the passage we can infer that . A.many Europeans reject GM foods

B.GM foods are very popular in Europe

C.Frankenstein foods can make people clever

D.Frankenstein was a scientist creating GM foods

3.The underlined phrase “trace them” in Paragraph 4 probably means“ ”. A.find their market B.raise their quality C.find their origins D.enjoy their taste

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4.What can we learn from the passage?( )

A.GM foods make antibiotics fail to function properly. B.People eating GM foods will suffer from food allergies.

C.As GM foods are safe at present,they’re certainly safe later on. D.People should be informed of which foods are GM foods.

语篇解读:本文主要讲述了转基因食品的现状和是否有害,人们应该怎么看待这类食品。 答案及剖析:

1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容The farmland is decreasing with each passing day.How to meet the need of feeding the growing population?One way is to introduce some high-output gene into a crop to enable it to produce more可知,转基因食品就是为了满足快速增长的人口需要。故选A。

2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段内容As a scientist I must admit GM foods involve great risks to humans.In fact in Europe they’re called “Frankenstein foods” by many.Frankenstein is a character in a novel.He was a very clever scientist.He created a monster(怪物),which eventually killed him可知,欧洲人认为转基因食品是可怕的,故他们拒绝该食品,所以选A。

3.C 猜测词义题。下文Therefore,it’s very important we have to make sure the soybean,if

genetically modified,is free from any poisonous matter harmful to human beings.For this we need very good testing表示结果,而划线处的句子表示原因,结合上下文语境可知,找到转基因大豆的根源是很困难的,故选C。

4.D 主旨大意题。通读全文,并根据文章的最后一段可知,人们应该知道哪种食品是转基因食品。故判断选D。

【疑难词汇解读】

1.resist v.抵抗;抵制;忍住

I was not strong enough to resist his offer. 我无法拒绝他的推销。

In an online community,it pays to resist that temptation. 在网络社区里,抵制那样的诱惑是有利的。 2.satisfactory adj.令人满意的;符合要求的

This word has no satisfactory equivalent in English. 这个词在英语中没有令人满意的对应词。

The arrangements,if not ideal,are fairly satisfactory. 安排虽不算理想, 但也相当令人满意。 【长难句子分析】

However,in many western countries there is widespread concern over the safety of “Genetically Modified”(GM) (转基因) foods,because they think there may be serious problems of environment,health,safety,morality and so on.

这是一个主从复合句。because引导一个原因状语从句,在原因状语从句中含有一个宾语从句there may be serious problems of environment,health,safety,morality and so on.

然而,在许多西方国家人们普遍担心“转基因”食品的安全问题,因为他们认为可能存在严重的环境、健康、安全及道德等问题。

( B )

【逸闻趣事类】

One day an out-of-work mime(哑剧演员) is visiting a zoo and attempts to earn some money as a performer.As soon as he starts to draw the crowd,a zoo keeper grabs him and drags him into his office.The zoo keeper explains to the mime that the zoo’s most popular attraction,a

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gorilla,died suddenly and the keeper fears that the attendance at the zoo will fall off.He offers the mime a job to dress up as the gorilla until they can get another one.The mime accepts.

So the next morning the mime puts on the gorilla suit and enters the cage before the crowd comes.He discovers that it’s a great job.He can sleep when he wants to,play and make fun of people and he draws bigger crowds than he ever did as a mime.However,eventually the crowds get tired of him and he doesn’t like just swinging on wires any longer.He begins to notice that the people are paying more attention to the lion in the cage next to his.

Not wanting to lose the attention of his audience,he climbs to the top of his cage,crawls across a partition(隔开物),and dangles(悬荡) from the top of the lion’s cage.Of course,this makes the lion furious ,but the crowd loves it.At the end of the day the zoo keeper comes and gives the mime a raise for being such a good attraction.Well,this goes on for some time,the mime keeps laughing at the lion,the crowds grow larger,and his salary keeps going up.

Then one terrible day when he is dangling over the furious lion he slips and falls.The mime is terrified.The lion gathers its strength and prepares to pounce(猛扑).The mime is so scared that he begins to run round and round in the cage with the lion close behind.Finally,the mime starts screaming and yelling,“Help me!Help me!”,but the lion is quick and pounces.The mime soon finds himself lying on his back looking up at the angry lion and the lion says,“Shut up,you idiot!Do you want to get us both fired?”

5. The mime goes to the zoo in order to . A.perform to make some money B.take part in an interview

C.look for a better job as a worker in the zoo D.help the zoo keeper to draw more visitors

6.The mime doesn’t like his job any longer probably because . A.he can’t have enough sleep every day B.the visitors throw something at him

C.people are less interested in his performance D.he wants to stay with the lion in the cage

7.The underlined word “furious”(in Paragraph 3) means “ ”. A.happy B.angry

C.frightened D.satisfied

8. According to the passage,we can know that . A.the lion wants to catch hold of the mime B.both the lion and the mime will be killed C.another employee dresses up as the lion D.the zoo keeper will fire both of them 语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。一位哑剧演员在动物园里扮演大猩猩,结果吸引了大量的游客。可是有一天,他掉进了狮子笼里,狮子向他扑过来,这让他万分恐惧„„ 答案及剖析:

5.A 细节理解题。根据文章第一句“One day an out-of-work mime(哑剧演员) is visiting the zoo and attempts to earn some money as a performer.”可知,他去动物园的目的是靠演出赚点钱。

6.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“However,eventually the crowds get tired of him and he doesn’t like just swinging on wires any longer.”可以推知,他不喜欢这个工作是因为人们对他不那么感兴趣了。

7.B 猜测词义题。根据“dangles(悬荡) from the top of the lion’s cage”可知,他的行为会让狮子“发怒”,文中的but所表示的转折意义对理解该词的意思很有帮助。

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8.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的狮子所说的话“Shut up,you idiot!Do you want to get us both fired?”可推知,狮子是由另一个人扮演的。 【长难句子分析】

The zoo keeper explains to the mime that the zoo’s most popular attraction,a gorilla,died suddenly and the keeper fears that the attendance at the zoo will fall off.

该句是一个并列复合句。句中的并列连词and连接了两个并列分句。其中前一分句中that引导宾语从句,a gorilla作“the zoo’s most popular attraction”的同位语,后一分句中fears之后是由that引导的宾语从句。

动物园管理员向这个哑剧演员解释说,动物园最受欢迎也最具吸引力的大猩猩突然死了,他担心动物园的参观人数会下降。 【读写一体练】

The mime soon finds himself lying on his back... 仿写:他吃惊地发现自己站在一条船上。 He was surprised to .

答案:find himself standing on a boat

( C )

【生态环保类】

Many businesses today use conferences as a means of discussing new plans of the company.As people are paying more attention to the environment and green problems,more businesses are looking for ways to reduce their negative effect on the environment.Many businesses do this by using web conferencing.

Web conferencing is a technology that allows people to communicate more effectively over the Internet.It is an easy way of hosting and attending conferences without having to leave the office.Each of the people involved in a web conference will be posted an invitation to the conference with the time and date of the Web conference on it.When the conference is ready to begin,all participants must sit at their computers and they will be connected over the Internet.

With Web conferencing all participants attend the conference from the comfort of their own desk.Obviously,in doing this no fuel is used in traveling to and from a conference,and less work time is taken up in attending a conference.

Any material to be used during the Web conference is simply e-mailed to all the participants before the conference.Participants can then either choose to print material or read it on screen.This not only saves paper but also greatly reduces mailing cost for the business.

As a conference hall or business center isn’t being used,it means that the only power that is used is the power used by the participants’ personal computers.Similarly conference organizers don’t have to arrange for food or overnight accommodation for participants of their conferences.All this means that less energy is used.

Often in business some companies actively choose to do business with other companies that do many things to reduce their negative impact on the environment.And Web conferencing helps you show other businesses that you are willing to work hard for the green cause.

So Web conferencing is much cheaper and greener and more people are willing to host and attend a web conference.

9. What is the passage mainly about?( ) A.Ways of protecting the environment. B.Green benefits of Web conference. C.Ways of hosting a Web conference.

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D.Impacts of Web conferencing on costs.

10. According to paragraph 1,many companies use Web conferencing because they . A. are interested in using any new technology

B.believe that Web conferencing is more convenient C.want to do something to protect the environment

D.haven’t enough money to hold a traditional conference 11. The participants of a Web conference . A.will be e-mailed an invitation before the conference B.are required to sit in the office together C.will receive many paper materials D.must have access to the Internet 12. Which of the following words best describes the author’s opinion about a Web conference?( ) A.Useless.

B.Environmentally friendly. C.Inconvenient. D.Money-consuming.

语篇解读:本文介绍了网络会议的绿色环保的好处。 答案及剖析:

9.B 主旨大意题。文章最后总结,So Web conferencing is much cheaper and greener and more people are willing to host and attend a web conference.因此网络会议更廉价、更环保,而且更多人愿意主持和参加。故选B。

10.C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句As people are paying more attention to the environment and green problems,more businesses are looking for ways to reduce their negative effect on the

environment.(随着人们更加关注环境与环保问题,更多的企业在寻找办法来减少对环境的负面影响)可知C项正确(人们想做点什么来保护环境)。

11.D 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话:...all participants must sit at their computers and they will be connected over the Internet.(所有的参与者必须坐在电脑前,而电脑通过因特网相互联系)和第四段,所有的材料通过电子邮件传给与会者 可知D项正确(网络会议的参与者必须使用因特网。) 12.B 推理判断题。useless无用的;environmentally friendly环保的;inconvenient不方便的;money-consuming费钱的。通过全文尤其是最后一段,可以看出作者的观点是支持环保的。 【疑难词汇解读】

1.participant n.参与者

Lessing was an active participant in these intellectual exchanges. 莱辛是这些学术交流活动的积极参与者。 2.accommodation n.住宿,住处

The high cost of accommodation makes life difficult for many Chinese students in London. 昂贵的住宿使很多中国留学生感到在伦敦生活困难。

( D )

(2015茂名第二次高考模拟考试)【生活常识类】

For pet owners,the hundreds of pet food recalls taking place each year has raised a lot of alarm.“Most people are caring pet owners,and they want to protect their pets,” explains Will Post,founder and CEO,Hound & Gatos Pet Foods Corporation.“Yet the problem is that most are not sure what that means and how to go about it.The more they learn about pet food,the better able they will be to make an informed decision that will keep their pets healthier and safer.”

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Here are several tips that consumers may want to keep in mind when it comes to choosing a kind of pet food that will help reduce the risks.

Get to know the company.Most people may know a company name simply because they spend millions on advertising.But that doesn’t mean they know much about the company or their morals.Research companies to find one that offers high standards,quality products,and great customer service.

Ask questions.Don’t be afraid to get in touch with a pet food company and ask them where something was made,where ingredients (原料) came from,or any other questions.They should have no problem answering questions about their products,or with being able to provide proof of their quality standards.

Read reviews.Do some searches to read some reviews about various brands of pet food.Keep in mind that some reviews can be one-sided and even planted by the company itself,so look for fair third-party sources giving the review.

Investigate (调查) ingredients.The source of ingredients is of major concern when it comes to reducing the risks of pet food recalls and keeping pets healthy.Read the labels and ask questions to determine where the ingredients are coming from.

Understand pet foods.Cat and dog food should contain 100 percent protein,which will supply them with the nutrients their bodies require.The problem with many commercial pet foods is that it is full of numerous fillers,such as cheap fillers and grains.

13.How can people provide a safer and healthier environment for their pets?( ) A.By giving more food to their pets.

B.By getting a better understanding about pet food. C.By accompanying their pets more. D.By knowing more about their pets.

14.As for reducing the risks of pet food recalls,what should be mainly taken into consideration?( )

A.Where the ingredients come from.

B.Whether the company has good reputation. C.Whether the food supplies enough nutrients. D.Whether most people choose the food. 15.The passage is mainly about .

A.the increasingly serious problem about food safety B.the ways to choose a safer pet food C.the opinion about food safety D.the advice on caring pets

语篇解读:本文主要介绍如何选择一种更安全的宠物食品。 答案及剖析:

13.B 推理判断题。 根据文章第一段的The more they learn about pet food,the better able they will be to make an informed decision that will keep their pets healthier and safer.可知:人们可以通过更好地了解宠物食品来做出明智的选择以保证宠物更安全和健康。故选B。

14.A 细节理解题。 根据文章第四段的Don’t be afraid to get in touch with a pet food company and ask them where something was made,where ingredients (原料) came from,or any other questions可知选A。B、C、D不是作者建议考虑的问题,属答非所问,因此可排除。

15.B 主旨大意题。 通读全文,并根据Here are several tips that consumers may want to keep in mind when it comes to choosing a kind of pet food that will help reduce the risks可知,本文主要介绍了选择一种更安全的宠物食品的方式,故选B。 【读写一体练】

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The more they learn about pet food,the better able they will be to make an informed decision that will keep their pets healthier and safer. 仿写:

1.离地面越高,空气越稀薄。 2.战争持续越久,那里的人们就受难越多。 答案:1.The higher the ground is,the thinner the air becomes.

2.The longer the war lasts,the more the people there will suffer.

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