在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。
一、读一读，然后选一选
这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。
这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。
The big day comes at last!
Mrs Jones'third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”
And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream! 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。
( ) 1. Mrs Jones'grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third ( ) 2. Carlos brings some一． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups ( ) 3． brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate 分析
题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。
题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。
正确答案：1．B 2．C 3．A 二、读一读，然后判断句子正误
该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。 There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire
accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 ( ) 1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110. ( ) 2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.
( ) 3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119. ( ) 4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120. 分析
这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。读懂就会判断句子的正误了。
题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。
题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。
题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。可以判断它是正确的
题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。 正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 三、读一读，然后回答问题
这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。
回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。
There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we don't want to study or work any more. 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。 1. How many days are there in a week? 2．What are they?
3. What is the first day of the week? 4．What is the weekend？ 5. When do we usually go to school? 分析
题1 问一周有几天。用一个seven就可以回答了。 题2问分别是哪几天。短文第二句已经给我们答案了。 题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。 题4周末是星期六和星期天。
题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。应该是工作日了。 正确答案： 1．There are seven.
2．They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 3.Sunday.
4.Saturday and Sunday. 5.During weekdays.
四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空
该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。
The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken. 阅读短文，然后填空。
1. The most popular food in England is___.
2. They put the food in____ ,and take it home, or to their work place. 3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park. 4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England. 5. The most popular food in the USA is___一． 分析
题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。
题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。 题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。
题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。 题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。
正确答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away4．popular 5．fried chiken 五、读一读，然后画一画
该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。
Aunt Mary is coming, but Tom's mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her' l 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。 分析
短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一 双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。
读懂了这些，就不难画出 这幅画了。可不要忘记了涂色哦！ 总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：
1．假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。
2．假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。
3．如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文内容选择合适的选项
A farmer is walking in the forest. He is very tired. So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes is beside him. A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. The farmer wakes up, he is shouting, \"Give it back to me\". The monkey is shouting, too. It is imitating (模仿)the farmer. The farmer thinks, and then he has an idea. He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away. What's the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. Now the farmer is picking up his two shoes quickly. He is laughing and singing, \"What a naughty monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny monkey!
（1）The farmer is sleeping. One of his shoes is ______________. A. in his hand B. beside him
（2）The farmer is sleeping. The monkey is ______________. A. taking away his shoe B. sleeping
（3）The farmer is shouting. The monkey is ______________. A. drinking B. shouting
（4）The farmer is throwing away his shoe. The monkey is ________. A. laughing B. throwing away the shoe （5）Is the monkey clever?
A. No, it isn't. B. Yes, it is 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）B （5）A
【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个农民正在森林里散步，很累，在树下打了个盹，他把一只鞋放在旁边。一只猴子捡走了鞋子，农夫醒了大喊，猴子也在叫喊，农民脱下另一只鞋并扔掉，猴子也扔鞋子。农民很快就把他的两只鞋捡起来了。
（1）根据 So he has a nap under a tree. One of his shoes is beside him. 可知农夫正在睡觉。他的一只鞋在他旁边。故答案为B.
（2）根据 A monkey is picking up his shoe and climbing up the tree. 可知农夫正在睡觉。猴子正在拿走他的鞋子。故答案为A.
（3）根据 The farmer wakes up, he is shouting, \"Give it back to me\". The monkey is shouting, too. 可知农夫在喊。猴子在喊。故答案为B.
（4）根据 He is taking off his another shoe and throwing it away. What's the monkey doing? Yes! He is throwing the shoe, too. 可知农夫正在扔掉他的鞋子。猴子正在扔掉鞋子。故答案为B. （5）句意：孩子聪明吗？根据 What a naughty monkey! What a silly monkey! What a funny
monkey! 可知是否定回答。故答案为A.
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。
3．阅读理解阅读判断。 I'm Amy . My old bike is broken . I can't ride it to school . So my father bought a new one for me today . It's small but beautiful . It's black . It's my favourite colour . It has got a big basket . I can put my bag in it. I can ride my new bike to school . I'm very happy . （1）Amy's old bike is broken .
（2）Amy's mother bought her a new bike . （3）Amy's favourite colour is black . （4）Amy's new bike hasn't got a basket . （5）Amy can ride her new bike to school . 【答案】（1）1 （2）0 （3）1 （4）0 （5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：介绍主人公购买的一台新自行车。
（1）题干句意是艾米的旧自行车坏了。根据My old bike is broken可知，主人公的旧自行车确实坏了。故选正确。
（2）题干句意是艾米的妈妈给她购买一台自行车。根据So my father bought a new one for me today可知，是艾米的爸爸给她购买的。与短文内容不符。故选错误。
（3）题干句意是艾米最喜欢的颜色是黑色。根据It's black . It's my favourite colour可知，主人公最喜欢的颜色确实是黑色。故选正确。
（4）题干句意是艾米的新自行车没有车筐。根据 It has got a big basket可知，主人公新自行车上有一个大的车筐。与短文内容不符。故选错误。
（5）题干句意是艾米可以骑她的新自行车去学校。根据I can ride my new bike to school 可知，主人公确实骑着新车去学校。故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解大意。其次阅读题干信息，找出相关句子进行判断。
4．阅读理解读对话，判断下列句子是否正确。
Amy: How are you, John? John: I'm fine. And you?
Amy: I'm fine, too. Today is Monday. I have two new classmates today. John: Really? Who are they?
Amy: Lucy and Lily. They are twins(双胞胎). John: That's interesting. What are they like? Amy: They are polite and kind.
John: Do you like them?
Amy: Yes, we all like them. We will be good friends. John: I hope so. Goodbye! Amy; Bye!
（1）Lucy and Lily are polite and kind. （2）Tomorrow is Monday.
（3）Amy, John, Lucy and Lily are good friends now. （4）Amy, Lucy and Lily will be in different (不同的) classes. （5）Lucy and Lily have the same(相同的) parents. 【答案】 （1）1 （2）0 （3）0 （4）0 （5）1
【解析】【分析】大意：约翰和艾米谈论班级来的新同学露西和莉莉。
（1）句意：露西和莉莉彬彬有礼、和蔼可亲。根据 Amy: They are polite and kind. 可知露西和莉莉彬彬有礼、和蔼可亲。故答案为正确。
（2）句意：明天是星期一。根据 Today is Monday. 可知今天是星期一。故答案为错误。 （3）句意：艾米、约翰、露西和莉莉现在是好朋友了。根据We will be good friends. 可知艾米、约翰、露西和莉莉现在还不是好朋友。故答案为错误。
（4）句意：艾米、露西和莉莉将在不同的班级。根据 I have two new classmates today. 可知艾米、露西和莉莉将在同一个的班级。故答案为错误。
（5）句意：露西和莉莉有相同的父母。根据 Lucy and Lily. They are twins. 可知露西和莉莉有相同的父母。故答案为正确。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译对话，然后根据对话内容，判断句子正确或错误。
5．阅读理解读对话，判断下列句子是否正确。 Sarah: Can you do any kung fu, John? John: No, I can't.
Sarah: Can you make a puppet, John? John: Sorry, I can't.
Sarah: Can you sing any Chinese songs, John? John: No, I can't.
Sarah: What can you do, John?
John: I can speak English and sing English songs. （1）John can do some kung fu. （2）John can sing English songs. （3）John can make a puppet. （4）John can speak English. （5）John can sing some Chinese songs.
【答案】 （1）0 （2）1 （3）0 （4）1 （5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：莎拉询问约翰是否会做某事。
（1）句意：约翰会功夫。根据Sarah: Can you do any kung fu, John?John: No, I can't.可知约翰不会功夫。故答案为错误。
（2）句意：约翰会唱英文歌。根据 John: I can speak English and sing English songs. 可知约翰会唱英文歌。故答案为正确。
（3）句意：约翰会做木偶。根据Sarah: Can you make a puppet, John?John: Sorry, I can't.可知约翰不会做木偶。故答案为错误。
（4）句意：约翰会说英语。根据 John: I can speak English and sing English songs. 可知约翰会说英语。故答案为正确。
（5）句意：约翰会唱一些中国歌曲。根据Sarah: Can you sing any Chinese songs, John?John: No, I can't.可知约翰不会唱一些中国歌曲。故答案为错误。
【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译对话，然后根据对话内容，判断句子正确或错误。
6．阅读理解读对话，判断下列句子是否正确。 Amy: We will have a new English teacher today. John: Really? Who's our new English teacher? Amy: Miss White. John: What's she like?
Amy: She's young and polite. She's very pretty. John: Is she strict?
Amy: Sometimes. But she's friendly.
Jon: It's time for the English class. Let's go to the classroom. Amy: OK
（1）Amy will have a new English teacher today. （2）Miss White is John's Chinese teacher. （3）Miss White is friendly. （4）It's time for the English class. （5）John is young and polite. 【答案】 （1）1 （2）0 （3）1 （4）1 （5）0
【解析】【分析】大意：艾米和约翰谈论新英语老师的样子。
（1）句意：艾米今天将有一位新的英语老师。根据 Amy: We will have a new English teacher today. 可知艾米今天将有一位新的英语老师。故答案为正确。
（2）句意：怀特老师是约翰的语文老师。根据John: Really? Who's our new English teacher?Amy: Miss White.可知怀特老师是约翰的英语老师。故答案为错误。
（3）句意：怀特老师很友好。根据 Amy: She's young and polite. She's very pretty. 可知怀特老师很友好。故答案为正确。
（4）句意：是上英语课的时间了。根据 Jon: It's time for the English class. Let's go to the classroom. 可知是上英语课的时间了。故答案为正确。
（5）句意：约翰年轻有礼貌。根据对话可知没有提到约翰的样子。故答案为错误。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。
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