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[python]数据类型-练习题

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[python]数据类型-练习题

运算符

1、算数运算：

2、⽐较运算：

3、赋值运算：

4、逻辑运算：

5、成员运算：

基本数据类型

1、数字int（整型）

　　在32位机器上，整数的位数为32位，取值范围为-2**31～2**31-1，即-21474838～21474837

　　在位系统上，整数的位数为位，取值范围为-2**63～2**63-1，即-92233720368775808～92233720368775807

class int(object): \"\"\"

int(x=0) -> int or long

int(x, base=10) -> int or long

Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead.

If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. >>> int('0b100', base=0) \"\"\"

def bit_length(self):

\"\"\" 返回表⽰该数字的时占⽤的最少位数 \"\"\" \"\"\"

int.bit_length() -> int

Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary. >>> bin(37) '0b100101'

>>> (37).bit_length() \"\"\"

return 0

def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown \"\"\" 返回该复数的共轭复数 \"\"\"

\"\"\" Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. \"\"\" pass

def __abs__(self): \"\"\" 返回绝对值 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) \"\"\" pass

def __add__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y \"\"\" pass

def __and__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__and__(y) <==> x&y \"\"\" pass

def __cmp__(self, y): \"\"\" ⽐较两个数⼤⼩ \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) \"\"\" pass

def __coerce__(self, y): \"\"\" 强制⽣成⼀个元组 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) \"\"\" pass

def __divmod__(self, y):

\"\"\" 相除，得到商和余数组成的元组 \"\"\" \"\"\" x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) \"\"\" pass

def __div__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__div__(y) <==> x/y \"\"\" pass

def __float__(self):

\"\"\" 转换为浮点类型 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__float__() <==> float(x) \"\"\" pass

def __floordiv__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y \"\"\" pass

def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass

def __getattribute__(self, name):

\"\"\" x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name \"\"\" pass

def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown \"\"\" 内部调⽤ __new__⽅法或创建对象时传⼊参数使⽤ \"\"\" pass

def __hash__(self):

\"\"\"如果对象object为哈希表类型，返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中，哈希值⽤于快速⽐较字典的键。两个数值如果相等，则哈希值也相等。\"\"\" \"\"\" x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) \"\"\" pass

def __hex__(self):

\"\"\" 返回当前数的⼗六进制表⽰ \"\"\" \"\"\" x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) \"\"\" pass

def __index__(self):

\"\"\" ⽤于切⽚，数字⽆意义 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] \"\"\" pass

def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__

\"\"\" 构造⽅法，执⾏ x = 123 或 x = int(10) 时，⾃动调⽤，暂时忽略 \"\"\" \"\"\"

int(x=0) -> int or long

int(x, base=10) -> int or long

def __int__(self): \"\"\" 转换为整数 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__int__() <==> int(x) \"\"\" pass

def __invert__(self):

\"\"\" x.__invert__() <==> ~x \"\"\" pass

def __long__(self): \"\"\" 转换为长整数 \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__long__() <==> long(x) \"\"\" pass

def __lshift__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<def __mod__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y \"\"\" pass

def __mul__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y \"\"\" pass

def __neg__(self):

\"\"\" x.__neg__() <==> -x \"\"\" pass

@staticmethod # known case of __new__ def __new__(S, *more):

\"\"\" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T \"\"\" pass

def __nonzero__(self):

\"\"\" x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 \"\"\" pass

def __oct__(self):

\"\"\" 返回改值的⼋进制表⽰ \"\"\" \"\"\" x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) \"\"\" pass

def __or__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__or__(y) <==> x|y \"\"\" pass

def __pos__(self):

\"\"\" x.__pos__() <==> +x \"\"\"

pass

def __pow__(self, y, z=None): \"\"\" 幂，次⽅ \"\"\"

\"\"\" x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) \"\"\" pass

def __radd__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x \"\"\" pass

def __rand__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x \"\"\" pass

def __rdivmod__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) \"\"\" pass

def __rdiv__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x \"\"\" pass

def __repr__(self):

\"\"\"转化为解释器可读取的形式 \"\"\" \"\"\" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) \"\"\" pass

def __str__(self):

\"\"\"转换为⼈阅读的形式，如果没有适于⼈阅读的解释形式的话，则返回解释器课阅读的形式\"\"\" \"\"\" x.__str__() <==> str(x) \"\"\" pass

def __rfloordiv__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x \"\"\" pass

def __rlshift__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<def __rmod__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x \"\"\" pass

def __rmul__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x \"\"\" pass

def __ror__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x \"\"\" pass

def __rpow__(self, x, z=None):

\"\"\" y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) \"\"\" pass

def __rrshift__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x \"\"\" pass

def __rshift__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y \"\"\" pass

def __rsub__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x \"\"\" pass

def __rtruediv__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x \"\"\" pass

def __rxor__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x \"\"\" pass

def __sub__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y \"\"\" pass

def __truediv__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y \"\"\" pass

def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs):

\"\"\" 返回数值被截取为整形的值，在整形中⽆意义 \"\"\" pass

def __xor__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y \"\"\" pass

denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default \"\"\" 分母 = 1 \"\"\"

\"\"\"the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms\"\"\"

imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default \"\"\" 虚数，⽆意义 \"\"\"

\"\"\"the imaginary part of a complex number\"\"\"

numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default \"\"\" 分⼦ = 数字⼤⼩ \"\"\"

\"\"\"the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms\"\"\"

real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default \"\"\" 实属，⽆意义 \"\"\"

\"\"\"the real part of a complex number\"\"\"int

int

2、布尔值　　真或假　　1 或 03、字符串　　

class str(basestring): \"\"\"

str(object='') -> string

Return a nice string representation of the object.

If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object. \"\"\"

def capitalize(self): \"\"\" ⾸字母变⼤写 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.capitalize() -> string

Return a copy of the string S with only its first character capitalized. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def center(self, width, fillchar=None):

\"\"\" 内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空⽩处填充内容，默认⽆ \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string

Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space) \"\"\"

return \"\"

def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): \"\"\" ⼦序列个数 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. \"\"\"

return 0

def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): \"\"\" 解码 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object

Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace' as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is

able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors. \"\"\"

return object()

def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): \"\"\" 编码，针对unicode \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object

Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and 'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with

codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. \"\"\"

return object()

def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): \"\"\" 是否以 xxx 结束 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise. With optional start, test S beginning at that position. With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try. \"\"\"

return False

def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None):

\"\"\" 将tab转换成空格，默认⼀个tab转换成8个空格 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string

Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): \"\"\" 寻找⼦序列位置，如果没找到，返回 -1 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

Return -1 on failure. \"\"\"

return 0

def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format \"\"\" 字符串格式化，动态参数，将函数式编程时细说 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string

Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}'). \"\"\" pass

def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): \"\"\" ⼦序列位置，如果没找到，报错 \"\"\" S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. \"\"\"

return 0

def isalnum(self):

\"\"\" 是否是字母和数字 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.isalnum() -> bool

Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric

and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False def isalpha(self): \"\"\" 是否是字母 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.isalpha() -> bool

Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic

and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def isdigit(self): \"\"\" 是否是数字 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.isdigit() -> bool

Return True if all characters in S are digits

and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def islower(self): \"\"\" 是否⼩写 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.islower() -> bool

Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def isspace(self): \"\"\"

S.isspace() -> bool

Return True if all characters in S are whitespace

and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def istitle(self): \"\"\"

S.istitle() -> bool

Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one

character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def isupper(self): \"\"\"

S.isupper() -> bool

Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. \"\"\"

return False

def join(self, iterable): \"\"\" 连接 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.join(iterable) -> string

Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the iterable. The separator between elements is S. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): \"\"\" 内容左对齐，右侧填充 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string

Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space). \"\"\"

return \"\"

def lower(self): \"\"\" 变⼩写 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.lower() -> string

Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def lstrip(self, chars=None): \"\"\" 移除左侧空⽩ \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode

Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed. If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping \"\"\"

return \"\"

def partition(self, sep):

\"\"\" 分割，前，中，后三部分 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)

Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not found, return S and two empty strings. \"\"\" pass

def replace(self, old, new, count=None): \"\"\" 替换 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string

Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are replaced. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): \"\"\"

S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.

Return -1 on failure. \"\"\"

return 0

def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): \"\"\"

S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int

Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. \"\"\"

return 0

def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): \"\"\"

S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string

Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space) \"\"\"

return \"\"

def rpartition(self, sep): \"\"\"

S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)

Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not found, return two empty strings and S. \"\"\" pass

def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): \"\"\"

S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings

Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working to the front. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string is a separator. \"\"\"

return []

def rstrip(self, chars=None): \"\"\"

S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode

Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.

If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping \"\"\"

return \"\"

def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): \"\"\" 分割， maxsplit最多分割⼏次 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings

Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any

whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed from the result. \"\"\"

return []

def splitlines(self, keepends=False): \"\"\" 根据换⾏分割 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings

Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.

Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and true. \"\"\"

return []

def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): \"\"\" 是否起始 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool

Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise. With optional start, test S beginning at that position. With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. \"\"\"

return False

def strip(self, chars=None): \"\"\" 移除两段空⽩ \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode

Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping \"\"\"

return \"\"

def swapcase(self):

\"\"\" ⼤写变⼩写，⼩写变⼤写 \"\"\" \"\"\"

S.swapcase() -> string

Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase and vice versa. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def title(self): \"\"\"

S.title() -> string

Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def translate(self, table, deletechars=None): \"\"\"

转换，需要先做⼀个对应表，最后⼀个表⽰删除字符集合 intab = \"aeiou\" outtab = \"12345\"

trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab)

str = \"this is string example....wow\" print str.translate(trantab, 'xm') \"\"\"

\"\"\"

S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string

Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the remaining characters have been mapped through the given translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None. If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def upper(self): \"\"\"

S.upper() -> string

Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def zfill(self, width):

\"\"\"⽅法返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前⾯填充0。\"\"\" \"\"\"

S.zfill(width) -> string

Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the specified width. The string S is never truncated. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass

def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass

def __add__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y \"\"\" pass

def __contains__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x \"\"\" pass

def __eq__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y \"\"\" pass

def __format__(self, format_spec): \"\"\"

S.__format__(format_spec) -> string

Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec. \"\"\"

return \"\"

def __getattribute__(self, name):

\"\"\" x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name \"\"\" pass

def __getitem__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass

def __getslice__(self, i, j): \"\"\"

x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]

Use of negative indices is not supported. \"\"\" pass

def __ge__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y \"\"\" pass

def __gt__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y \"\"\" pass

def __hash__(self):

\"\"\" x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) \"\"\" pass

def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__ \"\"\"

str(object='') -> string

Return a nice string representation of the object.

If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object. # (copied from class doc) \"\"\" pass

def __len__(self):

\"\"\" x.__len__() <==> len(x) \"\"\" pass

def __le__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y \"\"\" pass

def __lt__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__lt__(y) <==> xdef __mod__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y \"\"\" pass

def __mul__(self, n):

\"\"\" x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n \"\"\" pass

@staticmethod # known case of __new__ def __new__(S, *more):

\"\"\" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T \"\"\" pass

def __ne__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y \"\"\" pass

def __repr__(self):

\"\"\" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) \"\"\" pass

def __rmod__(self, y):

\"\"\" x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x \"\"\" pass

def __rmul__(self, n):

\"\"\" x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x \"\"\" pass

def __sizeof__(self):

\"\"\" S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes \"\"\" pass

def __str__(self):

\"\"\" x.__str__() <==> str(x) \"\"\" passstr

str

\"hello world\"字符串常⽤功能：

移除空⽩分割长度索引切⽚

str4、列表　　

class list(object): \"\"\"

list() -> new empty list

list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items \"\"\"

def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.append(object) -- append object to end \"\"\" pass

def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value \"\"\" return 0

def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

\"\"\" L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable \"\"\" pass

def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present. \"\"\"

return 0

def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index \"\"\" pass

def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last). Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range. \"\"\" pass

def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present. \"\"\" pass

def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* \"\"\" pass

def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*; cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1 \"\"\" pass

def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y \"\"\" pass

def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x \"\"\" pass

def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j]

Use of negative indices is not supported. \"\"\" pass

def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y \"\"\" pass

def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__

\"\"\" x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name \"\"\" pass

def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]

Use of negative indices is not supported. \"\"\" pass

def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y \"\"\" pass

def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y \"\"\" pass

def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y \"\"\" pass

def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y \"\"\" pass

def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__ \"\"\"

list() -> new empty list

list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items # (copied from class doc) \"\"\" pass

def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) \"\"\" pass

def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__len__() <==> len(x) \"\"\" pass

def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y \"\"\" pass

def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__lt__(y) <==> xdef __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n \"\"\" pass

@staticmethod # known case of __new__

def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T \"\"\" pass

def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y \"\"\" pass

def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) \"\"\" pass

def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list \"\"\" pass

def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x \"\"\" pass

def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y \"\"\" pass

def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y

Use of negative indices is not supported. \"\"\" pass

def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes \"\"\" pass

__hash__ = Nonelist

list

创建列表：

1name_list = ['alex', 'seven', 'eric']2或

3name_list ＝ list(['alex', 'seven', 'eric'])基本操作：

索引切⽚追加删除长度切⽚循环包含

5、元祖创建元祖：

1ages = (11, 22, 33, 44, 55)2或

3ages = tuple((11, 22, 33, 44, 55))基本操作：

索引切⽚循环长度包含

lass tuple(object): \"\"\"

tuple() -> empty tuple

tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items

If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object. \"\"\"

def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value \"\"\" return 0

def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. Raises ValueError if the value is not present. \"\"\"

return 0

def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__add__(y) <==> x+y \"\"\" pass

def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x \"\"\" pass

def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y \"\"\"

pass

def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name \"\"\" pass

def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown pass

def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j]

Use of negative indices is not supported. \"\"\" pass

def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y \"\"\" pass

def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y \"\"\" pass

def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) \"\"\" pass

def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__ \"\"\"

tuple() -> empty tuple

tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items

If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object. # (copied from class doc) \"\"\" pass

def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) \"\"\" pass

def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__len__() <==> len(x) \"\"\" pass

def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y \"\"\" pass

@staticmethod # known case of __new__

def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T \"\"\" pass

def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y \"\"\" pass

def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) \"\"\" pass

def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x \"\"\" pass

def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" T.__sizeof__() -- size of T in memory, in bytes \"\"\" pass

tuple

6、字典（⽆序）创建字典：

1person = {\"name\": \"mr.wu\2或

3person = dict({\"name\": \"mr.wu\常⽤操作：

索引新增删除

键、值、键值对循环长度

class dict(object): \"\"\"

dict() -> new empty dictionary

dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's (key, value) pairs

dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via: d = {}

for k, v in iterable: d[k] = v

dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2) \"\"\"

def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 清除内容 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D. \"\"\" pass

def copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 浅拷贝 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D \"\"\" pass

@staticmethod # known case

def fromkeys(S, v=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\"

dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v. v defaults to None. \"\"\" pass

def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 根据key获取值，d是默认值 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None. \"\"\" pass

def has_key(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 是否有key \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.has_key(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False \"\"\" return False

def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 所有项的列表形式 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.items() -> list of D's (key, value) pairs, as 2-tuples \"\"\" return []

def iteritems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 项可迭代 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.iteritems() -> an iterator over the (key, value) items of D \"\"\" pass

def iterkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" key可迭代 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys of D \"\"\" pass

def itervalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" value可迭代 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.itervalues() -> an iterator over the values of D \"\"\" pass

def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 所有的key列表 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.keys() -> list of D's keys \"\"\" return []

def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 获取并在字典中移除 \"\"\" \"\"\"

D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value. If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised \"\"\" pass

def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 获取并在字典中移除 \"\"\" \"\"\"

D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty. \"\"\" pass

def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 如果key不存在，则创建，如果存在，则返回已存在的值且不修改 \"\"\" \"\"\" D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D \"\"\" pass

def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update \"\"\" 更新

{'name':'alex', 'age': 18000} [('name','sbsbsb'),] \"\"\" \"\"\"

D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F.

If E present and has a .keys() method, does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k] If E present and lacks .keys() method, does: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k] \"\"\" pass

def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 所有的值 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.values() -> list of D's values \"\"\" return []

def viewitems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" 所有项，只是将内容保存⾄view对象中 \"\"\"

\"\"\" D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items \"\"\" pass

def viewkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys \"\"\" pass

def viewvalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" D.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on D's values \"\"\" pass

def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) \"\"\" pass

def __contains__(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" D.__contains__(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False \"\"\" return False

def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y \"\"\" pass

def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name \"\"\" pass

def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] \"\"\" pass

def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y \"\"\" pass

def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y \"\"\" pass

def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs): # known special case of dict.__init__ \"\"\"

dict() -> new empty dictionary

dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's (key, value) pairs

dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via: d = {}

for k, v in iterable: d[k] = v

dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2) # (copied from class doc) \"\"\" pass

def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) \"\"\" pass

def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__len__() <==> len(x) \"\"\" pass

def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y \"\"\" pass

def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__lt__(y) <==> x@staticmethod # known case of __new__

def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T \"\"\" pass

def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y \"\"\" pass

def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) \"\"\" pass

def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y \"\"\" pass

def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ \"\"\" D.__sizeof__() -> size of D in memory, in bytes \"\"\" pass

__hash__ = Nonedict

dict

PS：循环，range，continue 和 break

其他

1、for循环

⽤户按照顺序循环可迭代对象中的内容，PS：break、continue1li = [11,22,33,44]2for item in li:3 print item2、enumrate

为可迭代的对象添加序号1li = [11,22,33]

2for k,v in enumerate(li, 1):3 print(k,v)

3、range和xrange

指定范围，⽣成指定的数字1print range(1, 10)

2# 结果：[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]3

4print range(1, 10, 2)5# 结果：[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]6

7print range(30, 0, -2)

8# 结果：[30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2]　　

练习题

⼀、元素分类

有如下值集合 [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90...]，将所有⼤于 66 的值保存⾄字典的第⼀个key中，将⼩于 66 的值保存⾄第⼆个key的值中。

即： {'k1': ⼤于66的所有值, 'k2': ⼩于66的所有值}

⼆、查找

查找列表中元素，移除每个元素的空格，并查找以 a或A开头并且以 c 结尾的所有元素。 li = [\"alec\ tu = (\"alec\

dic = {'k1': \"alex\

三、输出商品列表，⽤户输⼊序号，显⽰⽤户选中的商品商品 li = [\"⼿机\电脑\⿏标垫', '游艇']

四、购物车功能要求：

要求⽤户输⼊总资产，例如：2000

显⽰商品列表，让⽤户根据序号选择商品，加⼊购物车

购买，如果商品总额⼤于总资产，提⽰账户余额不⾜，否则，购买成功。附加：可充值、某商品移除购物车1

goods = [

2 {\"name\": \"电脑\3 {\"name\": \"⿏标\4 {\"name\": \"游艇\5 {\"name\": \"美⼥\]6

五、⽤户交互，显⽰省市县三级联动的选择1

2dic = {

3 \"河北\": {

4 \"⽯家庄\": [\"⿅泉\藁城\元⽒\"], \"邯郸\": [\"永年\涉县\磁县\"],5 }

6 \"河南\": {7 ...8 }

\"⼭西\": {9 ...10 }11 12}13

练习题答案：　　　　1.

# 1.

# item = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,90]# item1=[]# item2=[]

# # items = {'k1':'','k2':''}# for i in item:

# if i<= 66:

# item1.append(i)# else:

# item2.append(i)# k1 ={'k1':item1}# k2 ={'k2':item2}# print (k1,k2)

# 2####################################### li = [\"alec\# tu = (\"alec\

# dic = {'k1': \"alex\# for i in li:# b=i.strip()

# if(b.startswith(\"a\")or b.startswith(\"A\")and b.endswith(\"c\")):# print(\"li:\"+b)# for i1 in tu:# c=i1.strip()

# if(c.startswith(\"a\")or c.startswith(\"A\")and c.endswith(\"c\")):# print(\"tu:\"+c)# for i2 in dic:

# d=dic[i2].strip()

# if(d.startswith(\"a\")or d.startswith(\"A\")and d.endswith(\"c\")):# print(\"dic:\"+d)