DRIVESYSTEMTECHNIQUEVol.23 No.2June2009
文章编号:100628244(2009)02216202
运动型7速双离合器变速器系统(Ⅱ)
72SpeedDualClutchTransmissionSystemforSportyApplications
Dr.2Ing.MichaelEbenhoch,Dr.2Ing.RalfKubalczyk,
ZFGetriebeGmbH,Kressbronn,GermanyDipl.2Ing.(FH)Hans2JürgenSchneider,ZFSachsAG,Schweinfurt,Germany
[摘要]ZF公司的7速双离合器变速器是一款创新型的、适用于运动型车辆的变速器。精密的速比和自然拥
有的极佳驾驶性能使得它成为运动型车辆理想的变速装置。本文对该变速器紧凑的齿轮机构、可改善效率
和提高发动机-速度-强度的直接喷射润滑系统,双离合器系统及基于预先控制原理的液压控制单元等作了详细介绍。在出现电气故障时液压控制系统可选用液压巡航模式。另外,变速器设计、功能特性等也都体现出变速器具有鲜明的运动特征。
[Abstract]Withits72speeddualclutchtransmission,ZFhasintroducedaninnovativetransmissionfor
sportyapplications.Thecloseratioscombinedwithextremelyspontaneousdrivebehaviormakesitanidealtransmissionforsportyapplications.Thisarticledescribesthecompactgearsetwithlubricationbyinjectionforimprovingthelevelofefficiencyandincreasingtheengine2speed2strength,thedualclutchunitaswellasthehydrauliccontrolunit,whichisbasedonthepre2controlprinciple,arealsodescribedindetail.Thehy2drauliccontrolprincipleprovidestheoptionofahydrauliccruisemodeintheeventofanelectronicsfailure.Inadditiontothetransmissiondesign,functionalfeaturesthatalsohighlightthesportycharacterofthetransmissionaredescribedindetail. 关键词:自动变速器 双离合器 车辆连接 效率
Keywords:Automatictransmission Dualclutch Vehicleconnection Efficiency 中图分类号:U463.212 文献标识码:B续2009.No.1
图8是各种换档系统的差别和特征,图9则是原型车的实测数据。 图的上部是发动机和变速器的转速,下部是两离合器的转矩。图中下面的曲线反应了在给定档位下和发动机转速调节期间离合器所获得的增加转矩及由此产生的加速效果。
transmission.Atthesametime,thisfunctionalityhelpsavoidimproperuseandresultingclutchover2load.
20.9g.Intheprocess,noticeablevibrationsinthe
transmissioninputshaftspeedsignaldevelopduetothewheelslipregulation.Afterabout1.2sec,thevehicleisacceleratedonlybytheenginetorquewithapprox.0.5g.Itmustbementionedherethatthistestwasperformedusingavehiclewithveryhightraction.Inmostcases,astartingspeedofonlyuptoabout4,000rpmisreasonable.
Afurtherfunctiondevelopedforthedualclutchtransmissionisso2calledsportsshifting.Thisisdescribedinmoredetailbelow.
Ingeneral,agear2shiftchangebythedriverisonlyperceivedacousticallybythechangeintheen2ginespeed.Thetransitionfromtheaccelerationleveloftheoriginalgeartothenewgearshouldbemadesmoothlyandcontinuously.Thisalsocorre2
ThetopchartinFig.7illustratestheengine
andtransmissioninputshaftspeed,thelowerchartshowsthevehicle′slongitudinalacceleration.Start2ingwithacrankingspeedof6,800rpm,theclutchbeginstoclose,whichleadstoanenginepressureuptoabout4,000rpm.Thedynamicenginetorqueusedtoachievethisresultsinanaccelerationof0.7
—16—
© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net
)Dr.2Ing.MichaelEbenhoch等:运动型7速双离合器变速器系统(Ⅱ
spondstothestandardshiftingsequencesinauto2maticanddualclutchtransmissions.
However,
manydriversofsportycarswishthattheyhadtheoptionofbothdistinctivecomfortshiftingse2quencesaswellassportyshiftingsequences,
which,besidesthehapticresponse(accelerationjolt),alsohaveanaccelerationadvantageasare2sult.Tothisend,thedynamicenginetorquecanalsobeusedagain.Therequirementforthisisthetorquecapacityofthedualclutchwhichhastobea2bletotransmitthistorqueincrease.Asthepossibletorqueincreasedependsonthegradientsoftheen2ginespeed,thiscanbeusedparticularlyeffectivelyinshiftinggearswithalargespeeddifferencewiththetargetgear(largeratiospread/ratiostep),whichiswhythegearchanges122,223,and324areoffered.Intheprocess,sportsshiftingfromthefirsttosecondgearcanserveasasupplementtotheracestartforimprovingtheaccelerationtimefrom(上接第15页)
0to100km/h.Astheuseofthedynamictorqueisapureapplicationtopic,wedistinguish,asarule,betweenthreeshiftingsystems.Fig.8illustratesthestylizeddifferencesandfeaturesbetweentheshiftingsystems,Fig.9showsanoriginalmeas2urementfromaprototypevehicle.
Thetopchartshowstherespectiveengineandtransmissionspeed,thebottomchartshowsthetorquesfrombothclutches.Thebottomlineinthechartrepresentstheclutchfromthetargetgearthatisusedtoachievethetorqueincreaseduringenginespeedadjustmentandtherebyaccelerationgains.
参考文献Reference
[1] Ebenhoch,M.;B?hm,R.;Herbst,R.:Entwicklung
neuerGetriebesystemeimZF2Konzern[DevelopingNewTransmissionSystemsintheZFGroup];3rdInternationalIIRSymposium2004;Würzburg;November302Decem2ber1,2004.finedfatiguestrengthlimit,anditthereforecon2firmedthesuspicionthatthein2housediaphragmspringhadbeensubjecttoexcessivepeening.
Thein2housediaphragmspringswhicharethenmanufacturedwithoptimizedpeeningparame2
terspassedallthefatiguelifetestingcarriedoutonthem,sothattheeffectcanthereforealsobecon2sideredtobestatisticallyconfirmed.
moreprecisely.Itisnecessaryinthiscontextthatthedevelopmentprocessshouldcoveralldisci2plines,rangingfromthedesignandcalculationasfarasthemanufacturingstages,andthattheseshouldbeinterconnectedinanoptimumwayinor2dertobeabletoofferhighquality,commerciallysuccessfulproductswithevershorterdevelopmenttimes.
6 Summary/conclusions
Thediaphragmspringisacentralcomponentofacommercialvehicleclutchandhasbeenusedfordecadesincommercialvehicleclutchestogeneratetheclamploadwhichisnecessarytotransmitthetorque,andalsoaspartoftheclutchreleasermech2anism.However,asthispaperhasshown,thede2velopmentpossibilitiesofthiscomponenthavenotyetbeenexhausted.Bothintermsofitsdesignanditsmanufacturethereisstillpotentialtoincreasetheefficiencyofthediaphragmspringinthefuture.Webelieveparticularemphasisshouldbeplacedhereontakingintoaccounttheinfluencesofmanu2factureonthefatiguestrength,andthisshouldbedoneasearlyasthedesignphaseinordertobeabletopredicttheloadlimitsofthediaphragmspring
参考文献
[1] Kraftfahrzeugkupplungen2FunktionundAuslegung[Mo2
torvehicleclutches2functionanddesign];Drexl,H.2J.;verlagmoderneindustrie;BibliothekderTechnik,Volume138;ISBN324782931552X
[2] StressConcentrationDesignFactors;R.E.Peterson;5th
Edition,1966;JohWiley&SonsInc.,NewYork2Lon2don2Sydney
[3] Festigkeitslehre2rundlagen[ScienceoftheStrengthofMa2
β,Hterials2Fundamentals];Issler,Ruofele;2ndEdi2
tion,1997(Reprintinamendedform2003);SpringerVerlagBerlin2Heidelberg2NewYork;ISBN3254024070527
[4] Anewconceptforfatiguestrengthevaluationofshot
peenedspecimens;LiJinkuiandYaoMei(HarbinInsti2tuteofTechnology,China),WangRenzhi(InstituteofAeronauticalMaterials,China);42thInternationalCon2ferenceonShotPeening(ICSPIV),1990,pp.2552262
—17
© 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net
—
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容