《大学英语一》试题1

Part I. Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For

each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the ONE you think is the best answer.

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.

Risk of mad cow disease, and heart disease isn't the only reason to eat less meat: the planet simply cannot sustain a population that increasingly feeds on animal protein (蛋白质), says the U.K. government's Sustainable Development Commission. The problem lies in that animals consume vast supplies of land, crops, water and other resources in order to produce a much smaller quantity of animal protein for human consumption. The fast growing population of animals for use in the human food supply is being described as, \"... one of the biggest environmental crises we're now facing.\"

Then, there's the environmental impact of raising so many animals for food in the first place. Thousands of acres of rainforest continue to be cleared in South America in order to convert jungle to grazing land (牧场) for cattle. That alone is alarming, and yet that's only the beginning. Cows, chickens and pigs produce waste on a massive scale, and that waste is often drained directly into rivers or – this is true -- fed back to other animals. Then, there's the use of water. Animals drink enormous quantities of water while they grow. As water becomes increasingly scarce in decades to come, this will become an issue of great contention (争论). So, it seems that from an environmental point of view, responsible citizens should greatly reduce their consumption of animal protein.

Finally, there's the ethics (行为准则) of eating meat. One of the reasons I don't eat red meat in particular is because red meat comes from intelligent mammals (哺乳动物): cows and pigs. These beings have social structures, they communicate with each other, and they most definitely feel pain. To raise an intelligent animal for no purpose other than to slaughter (屠杀) it and sell its flesh is, in my opinion, evil. The further you go down the scale of intelligence, the less evil this becomes. Killing a chicken and eating it is not so evil, since chickens don't have the intelligence of cows and pigs. Consuming bacteria (in yogurt (乳酸), for example) is not at all evil, since bacteria are not capable of feeling pain, it seems. But pigs? Pigs are as intelligent as dogs. Would you slaughter your pet dog and eat it? If not, then why would you support the slaughter of animals with similar intelligence? And remember: every time you buy bacon or sausage, you are indirectly slaughtering another pig, another intelligent being.

What do you think? Do you believe mammals have souls? Do you think cows and pigs are capable of feeling and understanding pain? Does your pet dog understand pain? Can the planet sustain a population that consumes large quantities of animal protein? How could societies shift to plant sources of protein? Give it some thought.

B1. What does the writer mean by saying \"The further you go down the scale of intelligence, the less evil this becomes\"? A. It is not evil to raise animals for human food.

B. Killing low-intelligence animals is less evil than killing high-intelligence animals. C. Responsible citizens should greatly reduce their consumption of animal protein. D. Animal intelligence is still an issue of great contention.

C2. What attitude does the author take towards the consumption of animal protein? A. Optimistic. B. Pessimistic. C. Critical. D. Positive. B3. What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs?

A. The earth will not sustain us if we continue to raise animals.

B. Meat consumption is becoming one of the biggest environmental crises. C. Eating meat will do harm to our health.

D. Intelligent animals like cows and pigs have feelings and souls. C4. What does the author suggest at the end of the passage?

A. People should consume more plant protein while reducing animal protein. B. People should care much about animal intelligence. C. The human population should be considerably reduced. D. We should raise cows and pigs just as we raise our dogs.

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A5. Why does the author hold that meat industries are destroying the planet?

A. Because animals raised for food consume a vast amount of resources like land, water and so on. B. Because they increase the risk of mad cow disease and heart disease.

C. Because killing and eating intelligent animals has destroyed our ethics and souls. D. Because the number of intelligent animals has been greatly reduced.

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.

In 1978, my wife and I attended the Star Trek conference in Colorado. While in the man’s room at one point during the conference, I was somewhat surprised when George Takei entered. I knew he wasn’t coming in to use the lavatory facilities, since he had them in his hotel room. I quickly figured out that he was “passing through” the restroom on his way to the men’s exercise room, located next door.

I casually said, what’s up, George?”

He smiled and replied, “Two hours of exercise, every day! You never know when I’ll be called upon for a part that requires strenuous physical activity.” Those of us in the men’s room asked if we could follow him into the exercise room to watch him work out, and he said, “Sure! Then I’ll have someone to talk to!” We trailed him into the room and observed him going through his paces.

While he was doing exercises on the various machines, I pulled out a pack of my cigarettes and politely asked, “Do you mind if I smoke?”

Mr. Takei stopped his exercises, stared at me for a second and said, “Yes, as a matter of fact, I do.” I put my pack of cigarettes away.

For the next two hours, George Takei appeared to speak only to me, asking me questions about my smoking and explaining that he hated smoking not because smoking was forbidden. It was due to the fact that by the 23rd Century, humans will have learned that smoking accomplishes no good and serves no needs.

The words weighed heavily on my mind. For months afterward, I replayed our conversation in my mind and finally came to my senses. Later that year, I began a three-year effort to quit smoking, which was ultimately successful.

Three years later, I again saw Mr. Takei at the Star Trek conference in Houston, and was flattered that even though he didn’t remember my name, he did remember our conversation. I happily informed him that I had just completed my second year without cigarettes. He hugged me and congratulated me in front of a roomful of onlookers.

George Takei did what no one else probably could do: He got me to quit smoking, and I’ve been free of the habit for almost 21 years. I was just one of his millions of fans, but he cared enough about just one person to go out of his way to try to save a life---my life---and he did.

A6. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. When the author met Mr. Takei again, Mr. Takei still remembered his name. B. When the author saw Mr. Takei again, he had already quit smoking. C. Mr. Takei was happy that the author had given up smoking. D. The author owed his success in quitting smoking to Mr. Takei. D7. George Takei is ________.

A. a movie star B. a body builder C. a famous politician D. a well-known sportsman A8. When did the author and Mr. Takei meet again? A. In 1981. B. In 1978. C. In 1999. D. In 2003

D9. In the sentence “We … observed him going through his paces” (Line 4, Paragraph 3), “going through his paces” means

________.

A. showing his skills B. walking up and down the room C. warming up for the exercises D. doing exercises on the various machines D10. Why did George Takei only speak to the author in the exercise room? A. Because they had known each other for a long time. B. Because they had much in common.

C. Because George Takei wanted to get him to give up smoking.

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D. Because George Takei was glad to have him to talk to.

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbor and some to the manager of the local supermarket. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are being directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you will stop producing them.

If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing for the market. If your father is a steel worker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or service for the market.

When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. You may spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations, and restaurants. Still you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck, he is buying your labor in the labor market.

The market may seem to be something abstract. But for each person or businessman who is making and selling something, it’s very real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won’t be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It’s telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn’t want you to do.

C11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Selling and Buying. B. Everything You Do Is Producing the market. C. What Is the Market? D. What the Market Can Do for You? D12. The word “real” in the last paragraph may most probably mean ________. A. serious B. important C. true D. concrete B13. All of the following acts are producing for the market EXCEPT ________. A. working in a bank B. attending a night school C. printing a book D. growing beans for sale

A14. In what way is the market very real for each person or businessman who is making and selling something? A. It tells you what to produce. B. It provides you with everything you need. C. It tells you how to grow tomatoes. D. It helps you save money. D15. You are buying from the market when you ________. A. borrow a book from the library B. drive to the seaside for a holiday C. look after your children D. dine at a restaurant

16C 17A 18A 19A 20D

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Part II Vocabulary and Structure

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.

Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

B21. Many a business deal has been concluded ______ a bottle of wine. A. over B. during C. under D. near B22. My attitude to ageing is that it's ___________ so there's very little we can do about it. A. inevitable B. psychological C. contagious D. steady C23. Gold is similar ______ brass ______ colour. A. on … to B. to … on C. to … in D. with. … in A24. Which of the following is right? ________

A. Which refrigerator do you guess they will buy? B. Which refrigerator you guess will they buy? C. Which refrigerator you guess they will buy? D. Do you guess which refrigerator will they buy? C25. They intended to have their daughter _______ in Australia. A. educate B. to be educated C. educated D. to educate D26. Can you produce any evidence _______ he was not at home that night? A. which B. when C. why D. that D27. The new proposals were intended to soften the _______ of the reformed tax system. A. application B. indication C. intent D. impact D28. He preferred that nothing _______ about his family. A. be said B. should have said C. should say D. had been said D29. Military equipment is being shipped to Europe in a steady _______. A. brook B. stream C. creek D. flow

D30. If you ask me to solve something intricate, I’ll prove myself an idiot. Which of the following can’t replace the word “intricate” here? _______. A. sophisticated B. complex C. complicated D. frequent D31. ____________ a highly intelligent animal like the seal, elementary training is easy. A. In case of B. In any case C. In case D. In the case of C32. I’m sorry to ______ you, but can you tell me how to get to the post office? A. cheer B. introduce C. bother D. communicate C33. Jim is so absent-minded that sometimes he even has ________ his own house. A. difficulty to find B. a difficulty in finding C. difficulty finding D. the difficulty to find B34. A gunshot _________ from behind the building. A. rang up B. rang out C. rang off D. rang back

A35. ________ the people present, only two spoke in favour of your plan. Which of the following can’t be used here? A. Out B. Of C. Out of D. Among D36. The manager just _______ all our requests. A. put off B. took off C. shruged off D. shrugged off D37. I feel ______ you will extend a helping hand to those who are suffering from cold and hunger. A. unlike B. complacent C. apparent D. confident

A38. The company’s sales figures have dropped by 60 percent in the first quarter and, _____________, no bank is now willing to lend it money.

A. make the matter worse B. to make matters worse C. to making matters worse D. make the matter worst B39. Let us pray _______ the helpless civilians trapped in this dreadful conflict. A. to B. for C. in D. toward D40. The tree, __________, is more than twenty meters in height. Which of the following is not correct? A. in my view B. in my opinion C. by my estimate D. with my estimate

A41. Edward had done extremely well in the entrance examinations, which convinced his father that he was ___________

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financial support. A. worthy of B. capable of C. short of D. sure of C42. I’m rather concerned about whether Johnny will _____________ his new school. A. take though B. take on C. take to D. take over B43. ________ the TV set _______ and see if you can find what’s wrong with it. A. Tell … apart B. Take … apart C. Separate … apart D. Cut … in to pieces B44. _______ the uniform, he must be a postman. A. Judging by B. Judged by C. Judging at D. Judge from D45. I can’t ___________ the little boy just how dangerous it is to swim that far out in the ocean! A. get through with B. get across C. get through D. get through to B46. These goods are _________ for export, though a few of them may be sold on the home market. A. completely B. essentially C. necessarily D. remarkably

A47. _______ to miss the lecture on Sunday, I had to cut short the visit and ca me back on Saturday. A. Reluctant B. Mysterious C. Spontaneous D. Emotional

D48. When she came in from the rainstorm, she looked ______ she had taken a shower with her clothes on. A. as B. like C. as for D. as if C49. We are only too pleased to see the film. “Only too” means _________. A. not at all B. a little C. very D. rather

A50. I knew it wasn’t easy to find a hotel in such a small place but I did not anticipate ___________ the whole night on a park bench. A. spending B. to spend C. to pass D. having spent

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58B 59C 60B Part III Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You

should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Computers can’t think. They can 61 , pretend and copy. But they cannot 62 the human imagination. No computer could produce a 63 line of Henry V. Nor could it 64 one pornographic picture or lure one child 65

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an inappropriate relationship.

66 textbooks and teachers, computers give what is asked for, 67 age or appropriateness, education or ability. 68 , computers require more, 69 less, teaching. They require parents to 70 their children having 71 to a bewildering array of information.

What they do with 72 depends on how much they know.

How much they know depends on 73 they are taught, at home and at school. A world 74 to inquiring minds is one fraught with dangers. It is also one 75 with excitement.

Computers mean kids 76 more, not less, information. They need lessons 77 philosophy, morality, critical and creative thinking. None of 78 comes from a computer. It comes from 79 , schools, churches and a wealth of writing that explores the 80 questions. A61. A. imagine B. imitate C. write D. perform D62. A. help B. take C. instead D. replace A63. A. single B. alone C. whole D. neither A64. A. produce B. provide C. offer D. describe D65. A. to B. of C. with D. into C66. A. Like B. As C. Unlike D. Otherwise A67. A. regardless of B. despite of C. considering D. given A68. A. So B. Thus C. However D. Though D69. A. or B. not C. no D. nor B70. A. teach B. guide C. accept D. welcome D71. A. entrance B. exit C. pass D. access D72. A. them B. those C. him D. it B73. A. which B. what C. that D. where A74. A. open B. close C. face D. meet B75. A. pleased B. filled C. satisfied D. full 76B 77A 78B 79B 80C

Part IV. Translation [81—90题的答案写在答题纸背面]

Directions: In this part, there are 10 sentences which you should translate from Chinese to English or from English to

Chinese according to the requirement.

Section A: E ─ C

81. In a world where I could not use my academic training and my verbal talents but had to do something intricate or hard, working with my hands, I would do poorly.

在这样一个世界上，当我不能使用学术训练知识或不能使用口头表达天赋，而只能做一些手工的艰难工作，我就做不好。

82. In a tragedy that made the national news, the Dawson house was set on fire and Angela, her husband, Carnell, and five of their children died.

现在播报一个令全国悲哀的消息，Dawson家的房子着火了，Angela,和Carnell,还有他们家的5个孩子都烧死了。 83. Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating. 现在全国的大学，已经决定采取行动而不只是口头谈论制止学生作弊。

84生活当中的每个人都是作家，我们需要母亲的力量，爱的力量来自于创造，然而仅有母亲的力量还不够他甚至会带来误解最终产生破坏。

85.他不得不认为他和其他的外科医生一样好，甚至更好。

Section B: C ─ E汉译英自己翻译

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