英语动词用法详解
一、单项选择动词
1．There are many online shopping payment methods in China, and you can choose, when the order is _____, cash, POS or checks, to pay for the goods.
A．deposited B．delivered
C．deduced D．defined
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。A. deposited存放； B. delivered递送； C. deduced推导； D. defined使明确。句意：在中国有很多网上购物的支付方式，当订单交付，你可以选择现金，POS或支票支付货物。结合句意可知答案为B。
2．It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language.
A．run into B．bursts out
C．yells out D．falls into
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。
考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析
3．It’s obvious that getting these historic sites recognized by the world is helpful for preserving and repairing them，as it________ their extreme importance and value.
A．associates B．symbolizes
C．stresses D．abolishes
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：很显然，这些历史遗址得到世界的承认对保存和修理它们是有帮助的，因为它强调了它们的特别重要性和价值。associate联系；symbolize使成为象征；stress强调；abolish清除。故选C。
4．With my money ________, I went back home.
A．ran out of B．ran out
C．running out D．running out of
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查with复合结构，句意：我的钱用完了，我就回家了。With复合结构在这里做原因状语，with+宾语+宾语补足语（非谓语动词），所以排除AB项，run out of是及物动词，后面要接宾语，否则是被动语态，排除D，Run out是不及物动词，不能用被动式， 选C。
考点：考查with复合结构
5．It's strange that some fundamental professions in our society rarely receive the respect or acknowledgement they ________.
A．match B．accept C．reserve D．deserve
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词。A. match匹配；B. accept接受；C. reserve保留，预约；D. deserve应得，值得。句意：奇怪的是，在我们的社会中一些基本的职业很少受到应得的尊重和认可。根据句意可知选D。
考点：考查动词
6．Children have to ______ conventional ceremonies in greeting their seniors on the New Year’s Eve.
A．notice B．protest
C．prohibit D．observe
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在除夕夜，孩子们必须遵守传统仪式来迎接他们的长辈。
A. notice注意 B. protest抗议 C. prohibit禁止 D. observe遵守。此处observe为“遵守”，故选D。
7．Despite the heavy snow outside yesterday, everybody in the company ________ their daily tasks as usual.
A．brought about B．worried about C．cared about D．went about
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词组。A. brought about 带来； B. worried about 担忧； C. cared about关心； D. went about四处走动。句意：尽管昨天外面下了一场大雪，公司里的每个人还是照常工作。结合句意可知答案为D。
8．As a result, these countries are always struggling to their
repayments; government finances that could be spent on health, education and long-term development are instead used for debt repayment.
A．dive right in B．catch up on C．push ahead with D．split off from
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. dive right in立即行动；B. catch up on弥补、赶上；C. push ahead with推动；D. split off from脱离。句意：因此，这些国家总是努力偿还债务；原本可以用于医疗、教育和长期反战的政府财政被用于偿还债务。根据句意可知此处表示“弥补、偿还”，故B项正确。
9．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A．should be; be operated on
B．were; must be operated on
C．be; was operated on
D．was; be operated on
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈
述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。
考点 : 考查insist的用法
10．The relevant authorities have recently ________ some companies and individuals for their illegal emission that is harmful to the environment.
A．cut back on B．cracked down on C．followed up on D．held out on
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有关当局最近对一些公司和个人非法排放有害环境的行为进行了严厉打击。A. cut back on 削 减；B. cracked down on 严 惩;；C. followed up on 进 一 步 了 解；D. held out on 保 守 秘 密。 crack down on“严 惩”符合句意。故B选项正确。
11．She_______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A．turned down B．came across
C．took after D．dealt with
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她昨天去购物的时候偶然碰见了她的一个老朋友。A. turned down拒绝； B. came across偶遇；偶然碰到； C. took after与……相像； D. dealt with处理。根据句意可知，此处指“偶然遇到”，故选B。
12．Forty years after China started its reform and opening﹣up， more than 18million rural residents have _________ poverty in South China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region．
A．shaken off B．taken off
C．paid off D．kicked off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. shaken off摆脱；B. taken off脱下；C. paid off付清；D. kicked off开赛。句意：改革开放40年来，广西壮族自治区有1800多万农村人口脱贫。根据句意可知此处表示“摆脱”，故A项正确。
13．Don’t be _______ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
A．taken off B．taken out
C．taken away D．taken in
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：不要被那些承诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。take in 意为“欺骗”,表示“不要受许诺很快减肥的产品的欺骗”。take off意为“拿掉,取消,脱衣”；take out意为“拿出,取出,去掉,出发”；take away意为“取走”。根据题意，故选D。
14．When I said that someone didn’t work hard in our class, I was not _____ you.
A．picking out B．referring to C．taking out D．sticking to
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意: 当我说我们班里有人不努力学习时，我指的不是你。A. picking out挑选；B. referring to指的是；C. taking out取出，得到；D. sticking to坚持，根据句意，B项符合题意。故选B项。
15．The researchers say they will ______ more studies to confirm the results.
A．give away B．make out C．carry out D．put up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些研究人员说他们将进行更多的研究证实这个结果。A. give away泄漏；赠送；B. make out理解；辨认出；C. carry out进行；完成；D. put up张贴。根据句意可知，进行研究来证实结果的准确性。故选C。
16．If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better______ your doctor at once.
A．convince B．consult
C．avoid D．affect
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。A. convince 说服；B. consult咨询； C. avoid 避免；D. affect影响。健康有问题应该咨询医生。故选B。
17．The responsibility of an artist is to create artworks to _____ people's needs for aesthesis and enjoyment.
A．result in B．serve for C．work at D．cater to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一个艺术家的责任是去创造艺术作品以迎合人们的审美和享受的需要。A. result in导致；B. serve for为......服务；C. work at从事于；D. cater to设法迎合(......的需要)。创造艺术作品的目的是为了迎合人们的审美和享受的需要。所以 cater to“设法迎合(......的需要)”符合句意。故选D项。
18．China’s year-on-year growth in consumer price index ________ an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent in November ________ higher prices of pork and other meat said the National Bureau of Statistics on Tuesday.
A．hit; but for B．beat; due to C．beat; but for D．hit; due to
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析和介词短语辨析。句意：国家统计局周二表示，由于猪肉和其他肉类价格上涨，11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高。A. hit 达 到；but for要不是；B. beat 毒 打，打败； due to由于；C. beat 毒 打，打败; but for要不是；D. hit 达到；due to由于。由“an almost eight-year high at 4.5 percent ”可知，hit“达到”符合句意。而第二个空在说明11月份中国消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨4.5%，创下近8年新高的原因，所以第二个空选due to。故选D项。
19．You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______as you expect.
A．run out B．work out C．break out D．put out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不可能能预测一切事情，事情经常不会像你预料的那样发展。A. run out用完；B. work out发展，计算出；C. break out爆发；D. put out熄灭，出版。work out“发展，计算出”符合句意。故选B。
20．--- I must point out that trials of new medicine are expensive and you can never success.
--- But there is a very good chance in this case.
A．admit B．guarantee
C．attain D．deserve
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：---我必须指出新药的试验很昂贵，你不能保证它会成功。---但是在这种情况下也会有很大的机会。A. admit承认；B. guarantee保证；C. attain获得； D. deserve值得。由“But there is a very good chance in this case”可知，guarantee符合句意。故B选项正确。
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