首字母填空13-综合篇3-教师版

Overview

教学目标 1） 学习做首字母填空的技巧。 2） 提高做首字母填空的正确性。 教学重难点 1） 提高阅读综合能力。 2） 通过结合上下文语境填出所要填的单词。 教学安排一览 1 2 3 4 5 事项 时间

1

Presentation-首字母填空（综合篇）

我们通过做不同类型的文章来介绍详细首字母的解题方法：

（1） （★）

Step 1通读文章，了解每段大意及文章的主要内容。

段落 大意 Hi! My name is Stephen and I live in a small flat in 本段Stephen介绍了他住在伦敦的好处，交通方便，London. I chose to live here because there is never a 而且省了坐出租车的钱，伦敦有许多电影院，图书馆b 1 moment in a city like London. I’m an art 等学习娱乐的场所。 student and the busy life in a city does good to my painting. In addition, I can get everything I need so close at hand. Living beside the underground station means that I don’t need a car to get around. It s 2 me money. Also there are malls, cinemas, libraries and museums everywhere. Of course, London, like any large city, has 本段开头Of course转折，接下来介绍了住在伦敦不p 3 , too. Londoners don’t chat on the underground 好的一些方面。伦敦人在地铁或是车上都不怎么说or the bus and there is much less community spirit than 话，比较缺乏团体精神。 in the country, where my parents live. In fact, they don’t understand how I can put up with 这一段作者说他的父母不理解他居然可以忍受大城(忍受)the noise and pollution, and traffic jams. 市的噪音和污染等。 However, I see that as a small price to p 4 . As a famous saying goes, “He who is tried of London is tired of life.” Hello! My name is Marianna and I live in 这段是一个叫Marianna的人介绍她和家人住在澳大Australia, on a huge ranch (牧场). It’s a beautiful area 利亚的牧场上，她喜欢牧场上健康自由的生活方式。with wonderful scenery. I live here with my husband Joe 并介绍了牧场上生活的优点。 and our t 5 children, Patrick, 11, and Abby, 8. We have lived on this ranch for several years and we love our healthy lifestyle. The children have lots of s 6 to run around and enjoy the peace and quiet. The air is clean and fresh. We produce a lot of our own food which is nice and healthy. There’s lots of hard work to do running a ranch, but we don’t mind. Of course, country life also has weak points. We 同样这一段以Of course 开头，话锋一转开始讲述乡feel isolated (孤立的) sometimes, too, especially since 村生活不好的几个方面。 the n 7 neighbors are almost 100 km away. One more trouble is that we can’t get many things as easily as we do in the city. There are no schools, supermarkets or shops, and if we are ill we have to call the flying doctor. Although life here can be difficult, we wouldn’t 2

change it for the world.

文章大意：

____________________________________________________________________________

Step 2 瞻前顾后，扫清“阅读障碍”

内容 Hi! My name is Stephen and I live in a small flat in London. I chose to live here because there is never a b 1 moment in a city like London. I’m an art student and the busy life in a city does good to my painting. In addition, I can get everything I need so close at hand. Living beside the underground station means that I don’t need a car to get around. It s 2 me money. Also there are malls, cinemas, libraries and museums everywhere. 解析 第一空考查的是形容词，要填入一个形容词，构成一个名词词组。从文章的意思判断应该是“乏味、枯燥”，以b开头的单词，那么要注意这里应该是“令人乏味的”而不是“感到乏味的”。 第二空考查的是动词。从句子结构可以推断这里是一个谓语动词，上文中提到不需要车，以s开头的动词，与后面的money有一定的联系，但要注意整个文章的时态是一般现在时， 而且主语是 “it”,便可填出此空。 Of course, London, like any large city, has p 第三空考查的是名词。是充当宾语的单词（名词或不3 , too. Londoners don’t chat on the underground or 定代词），又是位于第二段的开头。该句是整个第二the bus and there is much less community spirit than in 段的中心句，下文分别列举了几个问题，注意填名词the country, where my parents live. 时要注意单复数。 In fact, they don’t understand how I can put up with (忍受)the noise and pollution, and traffic jams. However, I see that as a small price to p 4 . As a famous saying goes, “He who is tried of London is tired of life.” Hello! My name is Marianna and I live in Australia, on a huge ranch (牧场). It’s a beautiful area with wonderful scenery. I live here with my husband Joe and our t 5 children, Patrick, 11, and Abby, 8. We have lived on this ranch for several years and we love our healthy lifestyle. The children have lots of s 6 to run around and enjoy the peace and quiet. The air is clean and fresh. We produce a lot of our own food which is nice and healthy. There’s lots of hard work to do running a ranch, but we don’t mind. 第四空考查的是动词不定式。根据上文的意思应该是要有一些小的代价付出。再联想一下我们学过的“付出”以 “p”开头的。 第五空考查的是一个数词。本题要用瞻前顾后的方法：下文中提到两个不同年龄的孩子，应该是two，同学们不要看到 “t”就很随意地写 “three”，要仔细读文章。 第六空考查的是一个名词与lots of 构成词组。根据上下文意思，尤其是后面提到孩子绕圈跑的场所。以s开头的名词，意思是“空间”，便可得出答案。 Of course, country life also has weak points. We 第七空考查的是形容词的最高级，本题用瞻前顾后的feel isolated (孤立的) sometimes, too, especially since 方法：要填的单词的意思根据上文提到很孤立的，下the n 7 neighbors are almost 100 km away. One 文提到做事很不方便，又没有公共设施，所以应该表3

more trouble is that we can’t get many things as easily 达最近的邻居，注意到空格前有定冠词 “the”，所以as we do in the city. There are no schools, supermarkets 用最高级。 or shops, and if we are ill we have to call the flying doctor. Although life here can be difficult, we wouldn’t change it for the world.

Step 3 验证答案，修正错误。注意名词单复数，动词时态，拼写等细节。还需要关注所填词语是否和上下文的意思连贯。

1. boring 2. saves 3. problems 4. pay 5. two 6. space 7. nearest

Step 4 回顾总结（带着学生再看一遍解题思路）：

从本篇首字母讲解中，我们可以看到，几乎每一个空都需要联系上下文，因此读懂文章，理解大意是很重要的一步！除此之外，我们还需要从固定搭配、语法等角度多方面去考虑。

Step 5 老师可以针对文章中出现的语法或词汇等帮助学生归纳总结，以使学生摆脱就题做题的习惯，形成良好的阅读习惯，提升能力！

下面我们来按照上文所讲的方法来练习一下：

（2） （★★）

Step 1通读文章，了解每段大意及文章的主要内容。

段落 大意

Do you have bright ideas? Ideas for inventions that 本文主要讲有个国家为了鼓励青少年创新，使他们能change the world or, at least, make life easier for 实现自己好主意和好的创新而展开了一次比赛。 somebody? P 1 we all do sometimes, but we don’t often make the idea a real thing. Recently, there was a competition in a country, which encouraged young people to make their bright ideas come true. There were t 2 groups in the contest: Group A 这段主要讲比赛的内容和规则。 was for school children under 16; Group B was for those o 3 16. And there were eleven prize-winners altogether. Neil Hunt, one of the prize-winners, was c 4 这段介绍了其中一个得奖者Neil Hunt。 “Sunshine Superman” by one newspaper writing about his design. When people study the weather, it’s important to be able to record the sunshine accurately. We need to know how many h 5 of sunshine we Neil认为我们需要知道太阳辐射的时间和强度，Neilhave and how strong it is. Most sunshine recorders 对此的计算非常精准。本段突出了Neil的发明对太 o 6 record direct (直接的) sunshine. Neil’s is 阳能的利用有重要的作用。 4

more accurate and this is very important for research into ways of using solar power. Neil plans to keep inventing. The ideas in the competition were so g 7 最后一段先总结了一下举行这次比赛的想法相当好。that we are surprised that the industry (工业界) doesn’t 然而我们很惊讶工业界并没有采取学生梦的建议。 ask more school children for suggestions. 文章大意：

________________________________________________________________________

Step 2 瞻前顾后，扫清“阅读障碍” 解析 结合句意“也许我们都做了一Do you have bright ideas? Ideas for inventions that 第1空考查的是副词。change the world or, at least, make life easier for 些事，但是我们并不经常能使我们的想法成真。”这somebody? P 1 we all do sometimes, but we don’t 句要注意连词but 起到的转折作用。 often make the idea a real thing. Recently, there was a competition in a country, which encouraged young people to make their bright ideas come true. There were t 2 groups in the contest: Group A was for school children under 16; Group B was for those o 3 16. And there were eleven prize-winners altogether. 第2空考查的是数词。此处基本不会失分。通过下文的Group A和Group B。便可得出答案，同学们千万不要看到 “t”就随便写一个 “three” 或者 “ten”。 第3空考查的是介词。本题通过上文的16岁以下，可以判断第二组应该是16岁以上。 内容 Neil Hunt, one of the prize-winners, was c 4 第 4空考查的是被动语态. be called by意为“被称为”，“Sunshine Superman” by one newspaper writing about 根据后面紧跟的称号亦可以判断出此空的答案。 his design. When people study the weather, it’s important to be able to record the sunshine accurately. We need to know how many h 5 of sunshine we 第5空考查的是名词。此题出错的比例较大，部分学have and how strong it is. Most sunshine recorders 生会填heat, 此题通过语境可以判断与阳光有关系， o 6 record direct (直接的) sunshine. 具体考证本句应该是我们接收太阳辐射的时间和强度，再根据how many +可数名词复数,最后应该是hours. 第6空要求学生能够挖掘出与下文的逻辑关系，为了铺垫下文，突出Neil Hunt的创造力。本句应该是大部分记录者只能直接记录太阳而他却能测出更多并有利于太阳能的开发。 Neil’s is more accurate and this is very important for research into ways of using solar power. Neil plans to keep inventing. 5

The ideas in the competition were so g 7 that 第7空考查的是形容词。结合句意“举行这次竞赛的we are surprised that the industry (工业界) doesn’t ask 想法是非常好的。” 便可得出此空答案。 more school children for suggestions.

Step 3 验证答案，修正错误。注意名词单复数，动词时态，拼写等细节。还需要关注所填词语是否和上下文的意思连贯。

1. perhaps/ probably 2. two 3. over 4. called 5. hours 6. only 7. good/ great

Step 4 回顾总结做题思路！

Step 5 看看从文中能够学到哪些漂亮的词、有用的词组搭配或句子。

再来练习几篇看看:

6

Focused Practice-首字母填空（综合篇）

（1）（★★）

Should children stop playing computer games or not? That's always a hot topic.

Computer games may h 1 you learn how to use computers skillfully. And they are more f 2 than going to a computer class. You will learn all kinds of things through playing games on your computer.

Games a 3 get your brain（脑子）to work fast. When you play games, you have to work out w 4 to do in a very short time. Your brain, eyes and hands must work quickly. It makes you free from schoolwork and helps you e 5 yourself and relax. But wait, you'd better not take that as an excuse and play computer games all day. If you sit before your computer for a long time, your hands, back and eyes will get h 6 . Children shouldn’t use a computer for more than 30 minutes w 7 a rest.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案及解题过程分析：

1. help 本题考查的是动词。情态动词may后应该跟的是动词原形，通过整句话的意思 “电 脑游戏可以帮助你学会如何熟练地使用电脑应填help，而在初中要学到一个词组help sb （to）do sth，从而验证此处应填help。

2. funny 本题考查的是形容词。根据比较连词than，这里应该填的是一个形容词的比较级 （be+形容词），结合句意“比起去上电脑课玩电脑游戏更有趣些。”所以此处填名词funny。 3. also 本题考查的是副词。通过句意与词性判断，这里应该填一个副词，而整句句子意 思为“游戏也能使你的脑子快速地工作。”因为上一段已经讲述了玩电脑游戏的一个好处， 所以这里要用 “also”。

4. what 本题考查的是疑问词+不定式的结构，因为do后应跟的是宾语，所以应该用what

to do，句意是“你不得不在很短的时间内找出做什么。”

5. enjoy 本题考查的是动词词组enjoy oneself，通过and这个表示并列的连词连接，而后面

relax表示and前面也应该有表示娱乐的意义在里面。

6. hurt 本题考查的是词组get hurt，if这个连词引导的是条件性状语从句，结合句意：“如

果你在电脑前坐很长的时间，你的手、背和眼睛会受到伤害。”所以

此处填hurt。

7. without 本题考查的是介词。从句意进行判断：孩子们不应该用电脑超过30分钟在没有休 息的情况下，这里应该填without这个介词，表示在没有...

(2)（★★★）

When the London Underground goes on strike, my journey to work can be terrible. I remember a strike, which happened a few years ago the station near my house was closed and I had to use another station and take a different train. This a___1__about an hour to my journey, so I

7

wasn’t very happy. E__2___went wrong at the station. People were late and they were panicking! By the time I got to the train, I was feeling upset and sorry for myself. Then I saw this man. There was something about him，he had such a familiar f___3__.A few minutes later, I realized that he was Jack, a friend from my school days in Scotland.

At the same time he a___4___realized who I was. Then we started talking about school days and the people we both used to k___5___.I was even more surprised when the train came into my station and he started to get off too! I asked him w___6___he was going and he said he was going to work. He told me he worked in Fitzroy Street. You see, I work in Fitzroy Street, too. It’s a small w__7__!It was such an amazing coincidence!

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

答案及解题过程分析：

1. added 本题考查的是动词。其难点有二：（1）要判断此空所需单词的词性是什么。让 我们跳过空格审视一下剩余部分还缺少什么句子成分？该句主语、宾语都在，只有中间的 谓语不见，由此推断该处应为开头是a的动词，作者一再强调此次罢工是terrible的，那 么消极影响就必然是增加作者的麻烦。并且该句后面有一个介词to出现，那么什么动词 既表示“增加、添加”又可以和to一同使用呢？那么只有add符合条件。（2）是就看时态。 后半句话是一般过去时 “so I wasn’t very happy” 把add改为过去时added。很多同学 过了难点以后就不再关注细节了，导致只填了add而失分。

2. Everything 本题考查的是不定代词。 由于此次罢工消极影响给伦敦地铁带来了麻烦， 那么结合句意“在地铁站每件事情都出问题了。” 3. face 本题考查的是名词。作者偶然注意的人身体上的哪个部位会是以f开头的呢？ 有face, foot等等可能，显然填脚是“令人眼熟的”似乎不大合乎逻辑，能一眼被人辨认的 人体部位就是面孔，因此判断是face。 4. also 本题考查的是副词。通观这一句，所有主要成分无一缺席，惟有表示“也、同 时”的副词才符合题意，因而确定为also.表示在作者认出这样一个老同学的同时，对方也 同时辨认出了“我”的身份。 5. know 本题考查的是动词。此句是一个包含省略关系代词“that/who/whom”的定语从 句，先行词可确定是people,而表示“认识/知道”含义的以k开头的动词只有know。 6. where 本题考查的是宾语从句。它是指在主从复合句中充当宾语、位于及物动词、介 词或复合谓语之后的从句。引导宾语从句的连接词有：连词that，whether，if；连接代词 who，which，what以及其强调形式whoever，whichever，whatever；连接副词when，where， why，how等。本句及物动词ask后很明显应该衔接的是双宾语，其中有直接宾语——人 称代词him,后面就要跟一个由任意连接副词引导的宾语从句做间接宾语。再向后看，发 现“老朋友”回答作者他是要去工作，从而确定选择连接副词where代指地点。 7. world 本题考查的是非正常形式的感叹句，虽然不是由“what/how”引导，但后面

的感叹号仍说明了该句的性质，在判断出了以上7个空白后，同学们可轻易知道作者感慨 的是“这世界真小！”

8

（3）（★★★）

The Winter Olympics in Vancouver(温哥华) ended last month. It was a big success. Many people worked very hard to make it a big success: the sportsmen and the sportswomen, the Olympic organizers and, of course, t___1___ of people who came to Vancouver to work as volunteers.

There were 18,5000 volunteers at this Olympics. Most came from countries far away, including China. They helped the visitors by showing them directions and giving them i 2 . They also worked as ushers(引座员) at events to make sure ticket holders got to their proper seats. Some volunteers worked as drivers to make sure VIPs l 3 judges got to events on time. Many of the volunteers took time off from their jobs to come to Vancouver. They chose to work ten hours a day at the Olympics, for f 4 . They didn’t receive any money or get any special gifts for their work. They did, h 5 , get a great feeling: the feeling of helping out and of being a part of something big.

One man said he volunteered because it was “a chance to be part of one of the biggest events in the world. I didn’t want to miss out.”

It’s a great feeling to know that you have p 6 a part, even a small part, in making a big event a success. At the Shanghai World Expo, you have a chance to know that feeling. Even if you can’t be an official volunteer, you can s 7 be friendly and helpful to foreign visitors. It will be a chance for you to be a part of something big and make Expo a big success.

1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 答案及解题过程分析：

1. thousands 本题考查的是数词。先结合句意“有许多人去温哥华做志愿者。”那么这里以 “t” 开头，并带有介词of的词组表达“许多”应该不能得出 “thousands of” 意思是“数以千计 的”，那么一定要注意不要写成 “thousand”.

2. information 本题考查的是不可数名词。结合句意“志愿者为参观者指明方向并传递信息 给他们。”结合实际：游客去温哥华看冬奥会的比赛，想必要知道关于比赛的相关信息。 所以就能得出此空填 “information”，但是要注意 “information” 是不可数名词。

3. like 本题考查的是介词。本题稍有些难度。同学们比较侧重于记住 “like” 作动词为“喜 欢”结合句意“有些志愿者在那做司机，要确保像裁判员这样的贵宾要准时观赛。”所以 这里应该填“像”

4. free 本题考查的是固定搭配。本题要运用瞻前顾后的方法: “They didn’t receive any money or get any special gifts for their work.”这里说志愿者们不收钱或任何礼物无偿地工作。那么 就能得出他们是免费为冬奥会做志愿者。固定搭配 “for free” 意为免费的。

5. however 本题考查的是连词。要运用瞻前顾后的方法：上文提到志愿者免费为冬奥会做志 愿者，他们没有获得钱或礼物，然而他们得到的是帮助别人后内心的喜悦感。这空需要填 一个转折连词。

6. played 本题考查的是动词词组搭配。play a part in doing sth. 意为“参与某事；在做某事 时起了作用”。注意这句话为现在完成时，所以要用play的过去分词。

7. still 本题考查的是副词。结合句意“即使你不能做官方的志愿者，你仍然可以帮助外 国游客。”

9

（4）（★★★）

Hi Mary,

Thank you for writing to me and I will try to give you some ideas about improving your written English. The bad news, of course, is that there is no e 1 way to do this. It takes work. Improving your English, like getting better at anything else, means lots of practice. I think you already know enough words and grammar in English to make sentences and to understand English, and the problem you have is as the problem all Chinese students have when they learn English. You go to English class a couple of times a week and the r 2 of the time you speak Chinese. If you come to Canada, your English would improve very q 3 because you would use it all day, every day. It’s just practice.

To improve your writing in English, you should do t 4 things. First, you should try to read English as much as possible. It doesn’t matter what you read, so pick something that interests you. Reading English will show you how English words are used together, how English speakers express themselves and so on, so you can learn a lot from that. Then you should practice writing. Ask your teacher if you can get extra assignments and write things like short stories. Your teacher can show you where you make mistakes and how to c 5 them. You can also write more letters to English speakers on the Internet (I will be happy to exchange letters with you if that will help). Don’t worry if you make mistakes b 6 that is how you learn. You say you can not obey your plans. In English we say, “Plan the work, work the plan.” You need a plan and then you need to follow your plan to improve.

I hope these ideas are u 7 . I wish you luck, and if you want to write to me I will be happy to try to help you. We can talk about China, about Canada or anything else you like.

Best wishes, Brad Flanking

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案及解题过程分析：

1. easy 本题考查的是形容词。本题运用瞻前顾后的方法：前文提到“The bad news”，后 文又说“It takes work.”所以可得出提高英语写作没有简单的方法。

2. rest 本题考查的是固定搭配。the rest of 意为 “剩余的；剩下的”。结合句意“你一个 星期上几个小时的英语课，剩余的时间你说的都是中文。”便可得出答案。

3. quickly 本题考查的是副词。结合句意“如果你来加拿大的话，你的英语将提高得非常快， 因为你每天都在用英语。” 那么这题要注意，我们要用副词quickly来修饰improve这个 动词。

4. two 本题考查的是数词。检测学生综合理解阅读的能力。 “First, you should try to read English...”这是需要做的第一件事； “Then you should practice writing.” 这是要做的第二件 事。所以我们应该填two，而不要盲目得填three。

5. correct 本题考查的是动词。结合句意“你的老师会告诉你你的英语作文哪里有错误并 且告诉你如何改正这些错误。结合实际：写作文有错误那么一定是需要改正的。这题不 难得出答案。

6. because 本题考查的是连词。Because连接的两句句子之间是因果关系。

7. useful 本题考查的是形容词。这篇文章是作者写给Mary 告诉她如何提高英语写作的 一封信。那么作者为Mary出了一些主意。那么这里作者希望自己的主意能帮到Mary。

10

那么填useful比较恰当。

(5)（★★★★）

The Xin’an Street Community (社区) began three programs not long ago.

The Neighborhood Clean-up Program

Every Sunday at 5:00 pm, the neighbors begin cleaning Xin’an street from one e 1 to the other. The head of the community, Zhao Fuqin, said, “The first Sunday, only eleven people came, but we

picked u 2 over seven big bags of rubbish from the sidewalk and street. The next weekend, twenty people came, and filled eight big

rubbish bags. Now the neighborhood really looks great!” The Neighborhood Watch Program

The neighbors on Xin’an Street began this program to look for problems in the neighborhood and to call the police if n 3 . The neighbors all say the watch has already helped.

Sun Yan, aged 60, a retired teacher, said, “In the past, I felt a 4 at night. Now I know my neighbors are watching for trouble.” According to the police, there are fewer problems on Xin’an Street. “Calls to 110 went down last month. Criminals (犯罪份子) knew that the people on Xin’an Street were watching, so they stayed away,” said a policeman. The Neighborhood Fitness Program

A Healthy Club was built last month, where the neighbors can do different kinds of sports like basketball, ping-pong ball, tennis, etc. “Every morning you can see groups of neighbors doing exercises busily here and there, such as running, dancing and p 5 taijiquan. We have come to r 6 the importance of taking exercise,” said Chen Jinliang, a businessman of 45.

The community has more plans. “We plan to start another Care Program for k 7 . We are going to build an after-school club for them. And we want to have a picnic for everyone in the neighborhood!” said Zhao Fuqin.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案及解题过程分析：

1. end 本题考查的是名词。结合句意“每周末下午五点，邻居们开始打扫街道，从新安街 的一头扫到另一头。”那么 “end” 有末端；尽头的意思。 2. up 本题考查的是介词搭配。结合句意 “我们捡了超过7大袋的垃圾。”词组 “pick up” 意为“捡起”。

3. necessary 本题考查的是形容词。结合下文内容：在夜晚，新安街道会有不法分子，那么 居民们采取值班监看，在有必要的时候，要及时打110. 4. afraid 本题考查的是形容词。这一空要结合上下文，说在新安居民的监看下，报 警电话数量已下降。说明治安比以前好很多，那么相比之下过去的治安不好，退休教师在 晚上感到害怕。 5. playing 本题考查的是动名词。 “such as running, dancing and p 5 taijiquan” 这里 的关键词是 连词“and” ，and前 “running,dancing”都是动名词，那么我们要注意这里不能 直接填动词play，由and连接的单词要时态，词性一致。

6. realize 本题考查的是动词。这一段都在说新安街道的居民们创办了健康俱乐部。那么说明 居民们重视健康。结合句意“我们开始意识到锻炼身体的重要性”。

11

7. kids 本题考查的是名词。运用瞻前顾后的方法：We are going to build an after-school club for them. 我们要创立一个课后辅导俱乐部，那么一定是学生。但是这里要填的单词是 以 “k”开头的。那么也可以是孩子。注意用孩子的复数。

12

Home Assignment-首字母填空（综合篇）

（1）（★★）

Dreams may be more important than sleep. Some people don't need much sleep. H 1 , we all need to dream according to the scientists.

Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have several dreams

e 2 night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in color. Some dreams are

l 3 old films. They come to us over and again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about

something.

Dreaming may be a w 4 of trying to find an answer. Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They could have been t 5 about their work all day. Then these things go into their dreams.

Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can't remember the dream. Dreams can d 6 quickly from memory.

Too much dreaming isn't good. The m 7 we sleep, the longer we dream. Our mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and still wake up tired.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案及解题过程分析：

1. However 本题考查的是转折词。大家很容易判断在逗号前常出现的就是转折副词

However“然而”，我们在将结合上下句意思进行检验，“一些人不需要太多的睡眠。然而， 根据科学家所说，我们都需要做梦。”前后句子的关系是转折关系。便可得出答案。

2. every 本题考查的是形容词。从句子成分看，e___2___ night在句子中做时间状语， 从词性来讲，night是跟名词，前应用形容词来修饰，所以此处应该填的是every 3. like 本题考查的是介词。Some dreams are l__3__ old films. 分析句子成分，此处要 不做的是状语，要不做的就是表语，若做表语（3）处填的就应该是一个形容词或者名词， 但是从整句句意来看，（3）应该填的是介词，在整句句子中作状语，表示的意思为一些梦 就像是老电影。 4. way 本题考查的是名词。冠词 “a” 后面往往跟的是名词短语，而在（4）有介词of， 所以（4）填的是一个名词，结合整句句子来看，“做梦也许是尝试找到一个答案的方法”。 5. thinking 本题考查的是动词时态have been t__5___，从这个结构中很容易看出是一个时 态的结构，在be动词后如果跟现在分词表示进行，如果be动词后跟过去分词，则表示被 动，从此处来看不存在被动关系，所以此处应该用现在分词thinking，整句话的意思为“他 们却不能一整天在谈论他们的工作。”

6. disappear 本题考查的是 Dreams can d__6__ quickly from memory. 在can情态动词之后应 该跟动词原形，所以（6）应该填的是一个动词，从整句话中可以看出，“梦能够从记忆中 快速消失。”所以用disappear 7. more 本题考查的是副词的比较级。The m__7__ we sleep, the longer we dream. 此句中 用了一个the+比较级，the+比较级的结构，整句句意表示为“我们睡的越多，我们做梦的 时间就越长。”所以此处填more

13

(2)（★★★）

In the early days, using a computer was very hard beacuse of its large size. Douglas Engelbart, a researcher who worked in Silicon Valley, wanted to find a way to make using computers e 1 . In 1963, he invented the first computer mouse.

Nowadays, a computer mouse is a standard p 2 of a computer. It is used to tell a computer what to do. It got its name because the wire coming out of the end of the first computer mouse reminded people of the t 3 of a real mouse. Many mice today are wireless and run on batteries.

The user can move the mouse to move the cursor（指针）shown on the screen in the same direction. If there is something on the screen that the user wants to c 4 , he can move the cursor over it and click the l 5 button of the mouse. The right button is used to open menus. Most computer mice have only two or three buttons, but some have more buttons to do more work. They also have a \"scroll wheel\" - a small wheel b 6 the two main mouse buttons. The user can move the wheel back or forth to \"scroll\" through things like a website or folder（文件夹）, which m 7 moving it up or down on the screen.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 答案及解题过程分析：

1. easier 本题考查的是形容词的比较级。这句话中make，是我们突破的关键，在初中我们 学过make常规的搭配：make sb do以及make sb/sth adj，这里using computer明显是sth， 所以在（1）应该用形容词，结合全句“一名在Silicon Valley工作的研究者想要找到一个 让使用电脑怎么样地方法”然后我们运用瞻前顾后的方法：前文说电脑的尺寸太大了，而 一段最后一句说他发明了个鼠标，明显前后有所比较，而且使得电脑的使用变得更容易。 2. part 本题考查的是名词。结合句意来看，这里对于standard这个词很多学生不熟悉，但 是从整个结构来看a _____ of，鼠标是电脑的一部分，所以用到了固定搭配a part of，而 standard这里只做形容词用来修饰part，表示是标准的一部分。

3. tail 本题考查的是名词。主要介绍的是鼠标名字的由来，其实只要看后半句remind sb of sth，表示“提醒某人某事”，这里定冠词the后应该用名词，提醒人们是一个真正老鼠的什 么，联合实际想下，鼠标像什么，老鼠的尾巴（只是线比较长而已），所以这里应该填tail。 4. choose 本题考查的是动词。碰到了一句多空的现象，结合句意“如果有使用者想要干 嘛（动作）的东西在屏幕上，他能够移动指针到它上面并且点击鼠标的左键”（用过电脑 的应该都清楚）所以（5）应该填left，我们在联合实际，点击鼠标左键其实是要选中某个 点击的事物，所以很明显（4）应该填choose. 5. left 参考（4）

6. between 本题考查的是介词。但是联想鼠标上有些什么，除了两个按键还有一个在中间 的滑轮，这里就不难填了，应该填between，表示在两个主要的鼠标键中间有一个小滑轮。 7. means 本题考查的是固定搭配。 这里用到的是mean doing sth，表示意味着做某事。 注意这句话的主语是 “the user” 要注意填动词mean的三单形式。

（3）（★★★★）

Once my mother told me a story. In Africa, when an antelope (羚羊) wakes up every morning, the first thing it thinks about is, “ I must be able to run faster than the fastest lion, or I will be

14

k____1_____. ” At the same time, a lion wakes from his dream. The first thing the lion thinks about is, “I must be able to catch the s_____2_____ antelope, or I will die of hunger.” So, almost at the same time, the antelope and the lion get up and start running toward the rising sun.

This is life: full of chances and challenge (挑战). Whether you are an antelope or a lion, you must go a____3_____ when the sun rises. For students, it is just the same. If we do not study hard, sooner or later, we will fall b_____4____ the other students. At first, I did not know what the word “exam” meant. Later I knew an exam was a kind of competition. In competitions, there are always w_____5____ and losers. As I grew up, I got to know competition well. In one’s life, there must be competitions, so people can improve.

Each time I saw children playing games and heard their laughter, I wished I were that age again. However, I remembered my parents’ words: “You must work very hard in order to have a good f____6______.” So I picked up my pen and began to study hard again.

I was still not sure what competition really meant. One day, I was taking part in an English-speaking competition. When I went to the stage, I saw other students looking at me kindly. I s____7______ knew what competition was. It is not as cruel as my teacher and parents told me. In fact, competition is the opposite: it is kind and necessary.

I learned a lot from realizing this fact. Now I understand more about the world. Competition is important for us all.

1.____________ 2.____________ 3.____________ 4.____________ 5.____________ 6.____________ 7.____________ 答案及解题过程分析： 1. killed 本题考查的是被动语态。先结合句意“我必须要跑得比狮子快，否则我将会被 吃掉。”注意被动语态be done的结构。

2. slowest/smallest 本题考查的是形容词的最高级。先结合句意“我必须要抓住最小的或是 跑得最慢的羚羊，否则我将会饿死。”那么这里不难想到slow/small，但是要注意第二空前 有定冠词 “the”，这就暗示了我们要用这两个形容词的最高级形式。

3. ahead 本题考查的是固定搭配。结合句意“无论你是狮子还是羚羊，当太阳升起，你必 须....。“那么这是一篇励志的文章，激励我们不断努力前进。固定搭配go ahead 有前进的 意思。

4. behind 本题考查的是介词词组。结合句意“如果我们不努力学习，迟早我们会...于别人。” 结合常识：我们不努力的话就会落后。

5. winners 本题考查的是名词。结合句意“在比赛中，总会有赢得人和输的人。”这一题很简 单，但是要注意winner要双写 “n”。

6. future 本题考查的是名词。 结合句意“为了有一个美好的...，你必须认真学习。”那么 结合实际：一定是美好的未来。

7. suddenly 本题考查的是副词。结合句意“我突然明白了什么是比赛。”这里有一个对比： 之前作者的老师和父母告诉她竞争是很残酷的，但后文她说竞争是有必要的和善意的。所 以是作者突然醒悟明白了这个道理。

15