期期末考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
FAMOUS CHINESE PAINTINGS, ARTISTIC TREASURES
With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the most unique nations. Over many centuries, Chinese artists have created paintings that are now in the hearts of more than a billion people.
Nymph of the Luo River — Gu Kaizhi
The legend has it that Cao Zhi, a prince of the state of Cao Wei, fell in love with the governor’s daughter. However, she married his brother, Cao Pi, and the prince became upset. Later, he composed an emotional poem about the love between the goddess and common people. In the 4th century, Gu Kaizhi, a Chinese artist, was moved by the story and illustrated the poem.
Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers — Zhou Fang
During the Tang Dynasty, China had a prosperous economy and flourishing culture. In this period, the genre of “beautiful women painting” enjoyed popularity. Coming from a noble background, Zhou Fang, a Chinese artist, created artworks in this genre. In his painting, the ladies stand as though they were fashion models, but one of them is entertaining herself by teasing a cute dog.
Along the River During the Qingming Festival — Zhang Zeduan
Zhang Zeduan depicted the landscape in his work Along the River During the Qingming Festival. However, instead of concentrating on the vastness of nature, he captured the daily life of the people of Bianjing, present-day Kaifeng. His work shows much about life in the Northern Song Dynasty.
A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains — Wang Ximeng
Not only did officials and scholars enjoy listening to music but they also found pleasure in depicting nature. One such painter was Wang Ximeng. He was a prodigy. Wang Ximeng painted A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains when he was only seventeen years old. He died at the age of twenty, but he left one of the largest and most beautiful paintings in Chinese history.
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1．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Zhou Fang painted fashion models in his painting. B．Nymph of the Luo River is a poem written by Cao Zhi. C．Wang Ximeng created his masterpiece two years before he died. D．Zhang Zeduan’s painting was set in the Northern Song Dynasty.
2．Which is the best choice if you want to enjoy a painting showing the beauty of nature? A．Nymph of the Luo River — Gu Kaizhi
B．Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers — Zhou Fang C．A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains — Wang Ximeng D．Along the River During the Qingming Festival — Zhang Zeduan 3．Which part of a magazine can this passage come from? A．Business.
Yes, study comes hard to you, my dear Enrico, as your mother says. I do not yet see you set out for school with that determined mind and that smiling face which I should like. You are still stubborn. But listen; reflect a little! What a miserable thing your day would be if you did not go to school! At the end of a week you would beg with tears that you might return there, for you would be eaten up with boredom and shame; disgusted with your sports and with your existence.
Everybody, everybody studies now, my child. Think of the workmen who go to school in the evening after having worked hard all the day; think of the women, of the girls, of the people, who go to school on Sunday, after having worked all the week; of the soldiers who turn to their books and copy-books when they return exhausted from their drill! Think of the dumb and of the boys who are blind, but who study, nevertheless. Think of the innumerable boys who, at nearly this precise hour, are going to school in all countries. Behold them with your imagination, alone, in couples, in groups, in long lines, all with their books under their arms, dressed in a thousand ways, speaking a thousand tongues, from the most remote schools in Russia almost lost in the ice to the furthermost schools of Arabia, shaded by palm-trees, millions and millions, all going to learn the same things, in a hundred varied forms. Imagine this vast, vast crowd of boys of a hundred races, this great movement of which you form a part, and think, if this movement were to cease, humanity would fall back into barbarism (野蛮); this movement is the progress, the hope, the glory of the world.
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B．Culture.
C．Travel.
D．Lifestyle.
Courage, then, little soldier of the immense army. Your books are your arms, your class is your squadron (中队), the field of battle is the whole earth, and the victory is human civilisation. Be not a cowardly soldier, my Enrico. 4．What do we know about Enrico? A．He dislikes sports.
C．He is unwilling to go to school.
B．He is good at self-reflection. D．He feels ashamed of himself.
5．Why does the father mention so many people in Paragraph 2? A．To support an argument. C．To make a prediction.
6．What’s the fundamental tune of the text? A．Annoying.
B．Worrying.
C．Relaxing.
D．Inspiring.
B．To present a fact. D．To clarify a concept.
7．What is the purpose of the text? A．To express a father’s complaints. C．To stress the importance of education.
Medicine is notonly a human invention. Many other animals have been known to self-medicate with plants and minerals for infections and other conditions.
Behavioral ecologist Helen Morrogh-Bernard has spent decades studying orangutans (猩猩) and says she has now found evidence they use plants in a medicinal way.
Morrogh and her colleagues watched 10 orangutans occasionally chew a particular plant (which is not part of their normal diet) into a foamy lather (泡沫) and then rub it into their fur. The apes spent up to 45 minutes at a time massaging the mixture onto their upper arms or legs. The researchers believe this behavior is the first known example using a painkiller.
Local people use the same plant, Dracaena cantleyi, to treat aches and pains. Morrogh’s co-authors studied its chemistry. They added extracts (汁) from the plant to human cells that had been grown in a dish and had been artificially stimulated to produce cytokines (细胞因子) that causes inflammation (炎症) and discomfort. The plant extract reduced the production of several types of cytokines, the scientists reported the finding in a study published last November in Scientific Reports.
The results suggest that orangutans use the plant to reduce inflammation and treat pain. Such findings could help identify plants and chemicals that might be useful for human medications.
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B．To persuade Enrico to value his study. D．To promote the parent-child relationship.
In creatures such as insects, the ability to self-medicate is almost certainly innate; woolly bear (灯蛾毛虫) infected with flies seek out and eat plant substances poisonous to the flies. But more complex animals may learn such tricks after an initial discovery by one member of their group.
For example, an orangutan may have rubbed the plant on its skin to try to treat parasites (寄生虫) and realized that it also had a pleasant pain-killing effect. That behavior may then have been passed on to other orangutans. Because this type of self-medication is seen only in south-central Borneo, Morrogh says, it was probably learned locally. 8．Why does orangutans chew Dracaena cantleyi? A．To self medicate.
C．To scare other animals away. orangutans.
9．How can the findings benefit human being? A．They can help vets treat pets.
B．They can help scientists study orangutans. C．They can help botanist learn more about plants.
D．They can help people find new resources for human medication.
10．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “innate” in paragraph 6?
A．natural
B．sociable
C．obtainable
D．professional
B．To have their normal diet. D．To pass on a message to other
11．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Apes use plant extracts to treat pain. B．Humans and animals have a lot in common. C．A plant has been found useful for human medication.
D．Morrogh-Bernard and her colleagues have been observing orangutans.
Black taxis have been a common sight in London for decades. Now these taxis and their drivers have become the focus of a new exploration into Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默症). For those on the outside, it may seem that behind the wheel of these black taxis are just regular people who help move us to our destinations. But within their brains is a map of London’s streets that has put GPS technology to shame for decades.
“The Knowledge”, the test for London’s taxi drivers, stands among the hardest mental examinations one could ever undergo. It involves recalling information repeatedly from the
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memory of minute details about 56,0000 streets in London, from Trafalgar Square to the tiniest residential lanes.
Normally, the hippocampus (海马体) feels the effects of Alzheimer’s most. University College London and Alzheimer’s Research UK are studying these taxi drivers’ brains, as it has been found that the hippocampus controlling the brain’s short-term memory and spatial (空间的) memory systems is enlarged in their brains. Moreover, the taxi drivers’ hippocampi continue to enlarge as they go on doing the job for more years, suggesting that perhaps there’s something we can do to reproduce the effect in the general population.
Lead researcher Hugo Spiers was part of the team which 20 years ago found that, like birds and squirrels, the taxi drivers’ hippocampi gradually got bigger. Indeed, research has found for years that any animal that requires a detailed spatial knowledge of their territory experiences growth in the hippocampus.
Spiers’ team hopes to deal with Alzheimer’s by studying the taxi drivers’ brains. To collect more information on the mechanisms (机制) that cause the “brain gain”, Spiers has asked thirty of London’s taxi drivers connected to an MRI machine to drive around on their routes. The machine will allow the researchers to gather real time observations of the workings of the hippocampus. “It’s been a joy to help scientists fight with the disease,” said taxi driver Robert Lordan.
12．What can we say about “The Knowledge”?
A．It lasts for a few minutes only. streets.
C．It is a great challenge to people’s memory. to be judges.
13．What has been found about the taxi drivers’ hippocampi?
A．They are more likely to be harmed.
B．They grow in the taxi drivers’ careers.
D．It invites some residents in London B．It is usually held in London’s busy
C．They benefit from daily communication most. D．They are poor at controlling short-term memory.
14．Why does the author mention the research on animals?
A．To imply the new study benefits the animal kingdom as well. B．To point out that more studies on animals’ brains are needed. C．To show animals’ hippocampi are very different from humans’. D．To prove the use of certain knowledge influences brain development.
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15．Why do the researchers observe the taxi drivers with an MRI machine?
A．To figure out who has the largest hippocampus. B．To know how Alzheimer’s develops in their brains. C．To find out how their hippocampi perform at work. D．To test whether the special machine is effective.
二、七选五
Active listening is a way of communicating that can increase understanding between a speaker and a listener. 16 It shows respect and consideration for the person speaking.
Active listening is very useful for family members. Family members often develop bad listening habits. They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said. 17
Active listening can also be useful in the workplace. Miscommunication or lack of understanding between co-workers can lead to hurt feelings, which in turn can make it difficult for people to work together. Active listening can solve such issues and create greater understanding and team spirit among co-workers.
For example, someone is unexpectedly rude to their co-worker, or seems inconsiderate of their needs. The co-worker might feel hurt, or they might become angry and begin to dislike that person. Active listening can help resolve such problems. It allows a person to say how they feel about their coworker’s behaviour. 18 It could be that the rude co-worker was going through a difficult time at home or on the job and was unaware of how bad his or her behaviour was. 19 And he also gains that co-worker’s appreciation for their willingness to listen. In this way, situations that could turn into major conflicts instead lead to greater understanding.
Sometimes people do not communicate with those they are close to because they fear the other personas reaction. Rather than saying, for example, “It really hurts my feelings when you behave like that way”, the partner might say nothing at all in order to avoid a fight. 20 If the partners actively listen to each other, though, they can fully explain how they feel, and this can help avoid any hurt feelings.
A．So the family can be expected to be harmonious. B．Active listening provides a way to break this pattern.
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C．Its goal is to have an open sharing of ideas and feelings. D．However, the hurt feelings remain and can build up over time. E．You can be sure that co-worker’s problems must all be solved.
F．Meanwhile the co-worker is given a chance to explain and maybe even apologise. G．By listening respectfully, another person might learn more about that co-worker’s situation.
三、完形填空
My high school life was a very fulfilling one. Apart from studying in class, I got a part-time job at a local 21 shop. I hoped it would be easy, and for the most part, 22 . I imagined myself pouring coffee and becoming close friends with my customers. But what I hadn’t 23 was the people with so many orders and the moments when I couldn’t seem to 24 anyone. There was always too much sugar, too little ice, or not enough skim milk. 25 , I kept at it. One day, one of my customers dropped in, 26 . Before he left, I handed him a bag along with his iced coffee. He looked at me 27 because he had ordered nothing but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw his favourite doughnut (甜甜圈) I had 28 him. He smiled and thanked me before 29 out into the rain. The next evening, he came. Instead of 30 something, he handed me a single pink rose and a note. “Thanks for being so sweet and 31 yesterday. It is so nice to meet someone who is warm. Please 32 your ways because I truly believe that you will do better. Have a great day!” As time went on, I did 33 some customers really particular. But whenever I felt cast down, that man and his kindness would occur to me. Then I would 34 , hold my head up high, clear my throat and ask politely, “How can I 35 you?” 21．A．fashion 22．A．flexible 23．A．detected 24．A．satisfy 25．A．Moreover 26．A．intelligent B．bakery B．romantic B．expected B．reach B．Hence B．depressed C．coffee C．pressure-free C．grasped C．recognise C．Instead C．excited D．furniture D．back-breaking D．managed D．convince D．However D．energetic 试卷第7页，共10页
27．A．angrily 28．A．assigned 29．A．steping 30．A．reporting 31．A．considerate 32．A．regulate
B．vividly B．offered B．coming B．whispering B．tolerant B．change
C．gratefully C．awarded C．storming C．ordering C．outgoing C．maintain C．knock into C．inspire C．contact
D．questioningly D．lent D．sliding D．obtaining D．straightforward D．enhance D．come across D．sigh D．thank
33．A．inquire about B．hear of 34．A．pray 35．A．treat
B．smile B．help
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The phrase bai lan gains popularity as severe 36 (compete) and social expectations leave many young people disappointed.
On China’s Internet, some young people say their ambitions can’t 37 (achieve) and many of them have given up on trying. Frustrated by 38 mounting uncertainties and lack of economic opportunities, they are resorting to a new buzzword — bai lan (lei it rot in English) — to capture their attitude 39 life.
The phrase bai lan, 40 has its origin in NBA games, means a voluntary retreat (后退) from pursuing certain goals because one realises they are simply too difficult to achieve. In American basketball, it often refers to a 41 (player) deliberate loss of a game in order to get a better draft pick.
On Weibo, the bai lan-related topics 42 (generate) hundreds of millions of reads and discussions since March. Netizens also created different variations of the bai lan attitude. “Properties in Shanghai too expensive? Fine, I’ll just rent all my life, since I can’t afford it if I only earn a 43 (month) salary anyway,” one grumbled.
State media have taken note of this trend. “Why do modem young Chinese like to ‘bai lan’?” one recent article in official media outlet asked. “In fact, this is as a result of negative auto suggestion, repeatedly 44 (tell) oneself I cannot make it. And this kind of mentality often 45 (lead) people to adopt the ‘bai lan’ attitude.”
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五、其他应用文
46．假定你是李华，一周前你在一家电脑专卖店买了—台电脑，仅用了三天就出现了各种问题。请你就此事给该店经理写封邮件投诉。 内容包括：1. 介绍购物的情况； 2. 反映存在的问题； 3. 提出解决的方案。 注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Krone’s interest in music began in middle school, and after repeated requests and a promise to study hard and get into the best high school, he got his parents to buy him a shabby old wooden guitar. He kept practicing, performing with others and composing his own songs. He loved music so much that he dropped out of college despite his parents’ objections. After that, he participated in singing competitions and sent demos(样片) to record companies, but they disappeared forever.
Once, he got a chance to perform in front of a famous musician, but the musician told him directly that his voice and composition were not unique enough to make him a professional singer.
His grandmother died, and his sister Mary repeatedly asked him to attend the funeral(葬
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礼). On the way home, Mary asked him about his plans for the future, and he began to feel that he was not confident enough to take up a career in music, and his father’s poor health did not allow him to leave home again.
After arriving home, Krone saw the thin and weak father, who argued a few words about his future, which made him feel that his father would not understand him. Later, his sister told him that, in fact, dad supported his free development, so Krone decided to talk to dad again. But when he walked back home and looked at his father through the window, he saw that his father had placed the family knives away, as if feeling sorry for not passing on the family business started by grandfather with the shop named “Fish Song”. Krone felt guilty and sad. Should he inherit the family business, or find a way to develop the fish business?
Next morning, Mary shook Krone out of his sleep and told him that father fainted in the market. The doctor thought that father should take a few more days off, but he didn’t agree. He really didn’t want to close the shop. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Krone offered to help, which surprised everyone, especially father.
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It was time for Krone to make up the decision.
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