2020-2021年 中考英语阅读理解本章综合与测试(解析版)

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解

An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories. One day, they decided to see a doctor. The doctor told them that there was nothing serious, but he suggested that they should start writing things down to help them remember things. The couple thanked the doctor and left.

Later that night while watching TV, the old man got up from his chair and his wife asked, \"Where are you going?\" \"To the kitchen.\" \"Will you get me an ice cream?\" asked the wife. \"Sure.\" Then his wife asked him to write it down. \"No, I can remember that,\" replied the husband. \"Well, I also want some strawberries and cream on top. You'd better write it down, or you will forget that,\" said the wife. \"No, I can remember that,\" the husband got a little unhappy and went into the kitchen.

After about 20 minutes, the husband returned with a plate of fish. The wife laughed, \"Haha! Your bad memory! I wanted some bread with cream.\" （1）How old was the wife?

A. Eight. B. Eighteen. C. Eighty. D. Eighties. （2）Why did the couple go to the doctor?

A. Because they had a headache. B. Because they had bad memories. C. Because the doctor was their son. D. Because the old man was ill. （3）What did the husband give to the wife?

A. An ice cream. B. Some strawberries and cream. C. Some bread with cream. D. Some fish. （4）What did the wife really want？

A. Some bread with cream. B. An ice cream with some strawberries and cream. C. A plate of fish. D. Some strawberries and cream. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一对老夫妇记忆力出现了问题，去看医生，医生说没有什么大碍，然他们把想做的事记下来便于他们记忆，一天骑在让丈夫拿东西，妻子让他记下来，他说他记住了，可是拿来的不是妻子想要的。

（1）细节理解题，根据 An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories. 可知他们已经八十了，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据 An eighty-year-old couple were having trouble with their memories. 可知他们去看医生是因为他们的记忆出现了问题，故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据 After about 20 minutes, the husband returned with a plate of fish. 可知，丈夫给他妻子拿来的是鱼，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Will you get me an ice cream?\" I also want some strawberries

and cream on top. 可知吗，妻子要的是带有草莓和奶油的冰淇淋，故答案是B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题比较简单，一般可以直接在文中找到答案。

2．阅读理解

A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外科手术）.He found the boy's father in the hall waiting worriedly.

On seeing him, the father cried out, \"Why did you take all this time to come？Don't you know that my son is in danger？Don't you have any sense of duty？\"

The doctor smiled and said, \"I am sorry. I wasn't in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish you'd calm down so that I can do my work.\"

\"Calm down？！What if your son was in this room right now？Would you calm down？If your own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do？\"said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied, \"We will do our best and you should also pray for your son's healthy life.\"

The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily, \"Thank goodness！Your son is saved！\"And without waiting for the father's reply he carried on his way running by saying, \"If you have any questions, ask the nurse.\"

\"Couldn't he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my son's state？\"shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.

The nurse answered, tears coming down her face, \"His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial（葬礼）when we called him for your son's surgery. And now that he saved your son's life, he left running to finish his son's burial.\"

（1）What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery? A. He asked another doctor to do his duty. B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible. C. He discussed the boy's state with the father. D. He waited until his son's burial was finished.

（2）The father shouted at the doctor because he thought . A. he had waited too long B. no one cared for his son C. the doctor was cold to him D. the surgery took a long time （3）Who told the truth to the father in the end？

A. The doctor. B. The nurse. C. His son. D. A patient. （4）What is the best title for the text？

A. Seeing is believing B. Time waits for no man C. Practice makes perfect D. Think before you decide 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】 本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断。

（1）细节题。根据 A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery 一位医生在被叫去做一个重要的手术后匆忙进入医院可知， 医生接到手术电话后他尽快去了医院，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 the father cried out, \"Why did you take all this time to come 父亲喊道，“你为什么花这么长时间来？ ，可知父亲对医生大喊大叫，因为他认为他等得太久了 ，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 The nurse answered, tears coming down her face 护士泪流满面的告诉他......，可知护士最后告诉了父亲，故选B。

（4）主旨题。根据本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断，可知 Think before you decide适合做标题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

In the UK, Saturday evenings have always been a popular time for families to watch television together. One of the most popular programme genres is the talent show, partly because people of all ages are interested in it.

Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978）, required people to vote（投票）for their favourite acts and performers, although in those days voting was done by postcard instead of by telephone, text, or over the Internet. Today, the success of television talent shows has reached a new level. Here are the UK's top three TV talent shows：

The X Factor In this wonderful singing competition, performers have to face a celebrity judge panel（名人裁判组）before the public vote. Many excellent singers became popular because of it. The show is now made all over the world, from China to Colombia.

Strictly Come Dancing The programme is so fantastic that it attracts many celebrities. They team up with professional（专业的）dancers and come to the dance floor to win the title of Strictly Come Dancing Champion.

Britain's Got Talent In this modern-day version（版本）of Opportunity Knocks, the public can go and choose from many kinds of acts, from dancing dogs to ice skating. The prize is to perform for the Queen in the Royal Variety Performance.

（1）When did the show Opportunity Knocks begin？

A. In1965. B. In 1978. C. In 2015. D. It is not mentioned. （2）If a person loves a skating act, he or she may go to .

A. Opportunity Knocks B. Strictly Come Dancing C. The X Factor D. Britain's Got Talent （3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A. The winners of Britain's Got Talent can perform for the Queen.

B. If you want your dog to have a performance, you can go to Britain's Got Talent with it. C. Opportunity Knocks is still on television now. D. People of all ages enjoy TV talent shows in the UK.

（4）The underlined word \"genres\" in the first paragraph means\" \".

A. lists B. types C. choices D. expressions 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目。

（1）细节题。根据 Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978） 可知表演机会敲门是1965年开始的，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据the public can go and choose from many kinds of acts, from dancing dogs to ice skating ，Britain's Got Talent可以去选择多种表演，从跳舞的狗到滑冰，可知如果一个人喜欢滑冰，他或她可以去 Britain's Got Talent ，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 Early shows, like Opportunity Knocks（1965~1978） 可知1978年就没有这个节目了，故机会敲门现在还在电视上是错的，故选C。

（4）词义猜测题。根据本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目，One of the most popular programme genres is the talent show 最受欢迎的节目……之一是才艺表演，可知 genres是类型的意思，A 列表，B 类型，C 选择，D 表达，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

4．阅读理解

Almost every Chinese can recite the famous poem, \"Every grain on the plate comes from hard work（谁知盘中餐, 粒粒皆辛苦）.\"But sadly, many of us don't actually get the real meaning of these lines：Don't waste food.

A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.

Do we have too much food? No, according to the UN World Food Programme, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.

Chinese people are well-known for being generous. Many even feel that they will lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table.

Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. In November, 2011, Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Nanjing, became famous because she took some leftover（剩余的）food home for her son. Many people stood by her side and agreed that it was not right to waste food.

What should we do in our daily lives to save food? Here are some tips：

Do not order too much in a restaurant. Only order what you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.

Don't be too picky（挑剔的）about food. Some food may not taste great, but your body needs it.

Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don't buy too much, especially vegetables and fruit.

（1）According to News One Plus One, Chinese people . A. save enough food to feed 200 million people for a year B. throw away lots of food every year

C. get enough food to feed millions of people every year D. have to feed 200 million hungry people every year （2）In the third paragraph, we know that . A. we have too much food to feed people in the world B. there were 925 million people in developing countries C. because of hunger, 6 million children die every year D. there are only a few people getting hungry every year

（3）From the fourth and fifth paragraphs, we can conclude（得出结论）that . A. all Chinese people are generous B. Chinese people always waste food

C. Li Hong became famous because she wasted food D. everyone should get into the habit of saving food （4）What's the main topic of the passage?

A. Don't waste food. B. Many people die of hunger. C. Don't be picky about food. D. Eat all the food you order. 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。

（1）细节题。根据A CCTV programme, News One Plus One, reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.可知央视节目《新闻一加一》报道说，中国人每年扔掉的食物足以养活一年2亿人，即中国人每年扔掉许多食物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2010, especially in developing countries.6 million children die of hunger every year.可知2010年，全世界有9.25亿饥饿人口，特别是发展中国家，每年有600万儿童死于饥饿。故选C。

（3）推断题。根据Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food.可知人们已经意识到节约食物的重要性，所以每个人应该养成节约食物的习惯，故选D。

（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了许多人现在已经意识到节约食物食的重要性及在日常生活中节约食物的方式。即不要浪费食物，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解

Willow Shields is an American film and television actress. She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She has a twin sister and an elder brother. Willow is a very beautiful girl. She has golden hair, big eyes and sweet smiles.

Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister. In the film, she played the role of a little girl watching a gun fight. Her most famous role is Prim in the movie The Hunger Games. She worked hard for the movie and she read the book carefully before acting. Willow did so well that the director said, \"It's so exciting to find an amazing young actress like her. We're very lucky to have her.\" Shields continued in her role until November, 2015, when the final of four movies of The Hunger Games series came out.

Because Willow is always busy, she is home schooled. She makes use of every chance to enrich herself. She especially loves reading. Besides, she is warm-hearted. In her free time, she often volunteers to send out food to homeless families.

（1）Willow Shields is ______________ years old now.

A. 6 B. 10 C. 12 D. 18 （2）Willow Shields acted in her first film with ______________.

A. her twin sister B. her director C. her brother D. her best friend （3）From the director's words, we know that ______________.

A. Willow Shields is a lucky girl B. the director is pleased with Willow C. Willow Shields is a television actress D. Willow Shields is a girl from New Mexico （4）Willow Shields often ______________ in her free time. A. goes to an amusement park B. goes abroad with her friends C. helps some homeless families D. hangs out in a shopping mall （5）Which of the following is TRUE about Willow Shields? A. She has a brother and two sisters. B. She gets to school every weekday. C. She played a role in Harry Potter in 2008.

D. She acted in a film for the first time when she was 8. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）C （5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国电影和电视女演员——Willow Shields。

（1）细节题。根据She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque可知出生在2000年6月1日，所以现在18岁了，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据She has a twin sister.Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister.可知她有一个双胞胎姐妹，并且在第一个电影中和双胞胎姐妹表演，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Willow did so well that the director said, \"It's so exciting to find an amazing young actress like her. We're very lucky to have her.\"可知Willow说：“找到一个像她一样的年轻女演员是令人兴奋的，我们非常幸运有她”，可知导演对她感到满意，故选B。 （4）细节题。根据In her free time, she often volunteers to send out food to homeless families.可知在空闲时间她经常志愿给无家可归的人发放食物，即帮助无家可归的人，故选C。

（5） 细节题。根据She was born on June 1st, 2000 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.Willow got her first job in 2008 and she acted in a 7-minute short film with her sister可知出生在2000年，在2008年得到第一份工作，即和双胞胎姐妹表演7分钟英语短片，当时是8岁，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解

For most people in the West, Valentine's Day（情人节） ends on February 15, but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15. March 14-exactly one month after Valentine's Day--is White Day in Japan.

To really understand what White Day is all about, you have to understand what Valentine's Day in Japan is like. Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Japanese women are usually too shy to show their love, though it might not be true today. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings. Men should return gifts to women on White Day. On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice. More often, the colour of the chocolate is white because of the name of the day. You can also buy flowers, candy or cookies.

Does it sound good to you? Don't get too excited when you get chocolate from Japanese girls! They give chocolate not only to their loved ones, but also to men such as bosses（ 老板） and male（男性的） friends.

The Japanese first celebrated White Day in 1978. Now it is also celebrated in South Korea and Taiwan, China.

（1）In Japan, Valentine's Day ends on ________________.

A. February 14 B. February 15 C. March 14 D. March 15 （2）What's the most common White Day gift?

A. White chocolate. B. Flowers. C. Candy. D. Cookies. （3）What can we learn from the passage? A. White Day has a history of 100 years. B. White Day is all about women getting gifts. C. People all over the world celebrate White Day. D. On White Day girls only give gifts to their boyfriends.

（4）What's the best title for the passage?

A. The history of Valentine's Day B. Valentine's Day C. How to celebrate White Day D. White Day in Japan （5）The writer of this passage may be from ________________.

A. Japan B. China C. America D. South Korea 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）D （5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了日本的白色情人节。

（1）细节题。根据but here in Japan it's not quite over until March 15.可知日本情人节直到3月15日结束，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据On both days, chocolate is the gift of choice.可知巧克力是礼物的选择，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Japanese Valentine's Day is all about men getting presents. Valentine's Day is a great chance to let women show their feelings.Men should return gifts to women on White Day.可知日本的白色情人节是关于男士得到礼物，并且男士把礼物归还给女士，故选B。 （4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了日本的白色情人节，故选D。

（5）推断题。根据全文可知主要讲了主要讲了日本的白色情人节，所以作者可能来自日本，即Japan，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

To protect the environment, we are on the way. Here are a few things we can do. Unwanted gifts? Give them away!

Have you ever received a gift that you didn't like? Did you throw it away? If so, you can have another choice now. Two British companies hopes people will give away their unwanted gifts to them. And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. In this way, the gifts can be refused and have a future life. And people can make a difference to the world. Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution!

A chemistry scientist and a fashion designer（时装设计师） have created a new kind of trousers. The trousers are made of a new material which can help reduce air pollution around us. Scientists have tested the material. The result shows that it isn't harmful to human. This new kind of trousers may appear at the market in two years. Professor Ryan said, \"If thousands of people wear the trousers, the air quality will be improved.\" Plant trees with Felix

Felix Finkbeiner, a 14-year-old German boy, is not famous as a child actor but an environment

hero. At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. Some of them have become his good friends. The club has an aim of planting 212 million trees. They have planted over 3.5 million trees all around the world. Felix said, \"The answer to controlling global （全球的 ） warming is trees-lots of trees!” （1）The companies resell the unwanted gifts . A. to make the unwanted gifts useful B. to help people learn to think carefully C. to save money from it D. to make money for themselves

（2）The trousers mentioned in the passage . A. have been created by a physics scientist and a fashion designer B. can help make air pollution less C. will do harm to people D. will be popular in two years （3）Felix started a club . A. to become famous B. to become a child actor

C. to protect the environment with other children D. to make friends with the children around the world 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了人们为了保护环境而想出的三种方法。 （1）细节理解题。根据 And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. 可知这家公司回收礼品主要是为了从中为贫困人群募集资金，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据 Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution! 及下文描述，可知这种裤子有利于减少空气污染。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段 At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. 可知他建立这个俱乐部的主要目的就是为了和全球的孩子们在一起保护地球，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

We all know that many inventions have changed our life a lot. They play important roles in our daily life. Here are some interesting inventions. Morpher People refuse to wear helmets because they're thick and heavy. Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic. It is just as strong as traditional helmets, but it can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry. Morpher may be available for sale in stores in the near future. HyperAdapt Have you ever seen the movie Back to the Future? Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie that can tighten or loosen by themselves. Now, thanks to the shoe factory, the dream is realized. When you push a button on the shoe, HyperAdapt can tighten or loosen around the feet. Flyte Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in January, The company also introduced a lot of similar products, including a planter, Lyfe, which came out in June. Little Printer It looks lovely and is called Little Printer, This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things on a roll（卷） of paper, If you want to make your own little newspaper, don't forget to use it. （1）Morpher is made of _________. A. steel B. plastic C. gold D. wood （2）What's the main use of the Little Printer? A. To protect our heads more safely.

B. To tighten or loosen by themselves around the feet. C. To float and turn in the water.

D. To print news headlines, riddles and other things.

（3）The underlined word \"button\" means \"_________\" in Chinese.

A. 按钮 B. 门铃 C. 电梯 D. 键盘 （4）What kind of invention can float in the passage?

A. Morpher. B. Little Printer. C. Flyte. D. HyperAdapt. （5）Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage? A. Maybe everyone wants the pair of shoes in the movie Back to the Future. B. You can make your own little newspaper with the Little Printer. C. Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in February. D. Morpher can be folded almost completely flat, making it easier to carry. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）C （5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：发明改变了我们的生活，在日常生活中起到了重要作用。文章介绍了四种有趣的发明：可以变形的自行车头盔，超适应的鞋，漂浮和转动的灯泡和小型打印机。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Morpher is a bike helmet made of plastic.可知Morphe是塑料制

成的 ，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据 This machine can print news headlines（摘要）, riddles and other things ，可知小型打印机可以打印文章的标题，谜语还有其他的东西，故答案是D。 （3）细节理解题，根据 When you push a | button on the shoe, 可知是要按鞋上的按钮因此button的意思是按钮，故答案是A。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Flyte is a light bulb that can float and turn. 可知Flyte可以漂浮 ， 故答案是C。

（5）正误判断题，根据Flyte has been popular with most people since it came out in January,可知Flyte是二月份发明的，而不是一月份 ， 故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定。

9．阅读理解

Mip, a playful robot, was developed by a Canadian toy maker named Wowwee. It Mip stands 19 cm tall. You can control it simply with your gestures or a smartphone. Mip can run, balance and dance on two wheels. It can also bring a bottle of water. Google is developing a smart watch called Android Wear. The watch uses a touch Android screen and voice control. Simply say \"OK, Google\" to ask whatever you want to know. Wear For example, say \"OK, Google. Where's the nearest toy store?\" Your watch will tell you the answer on Google Maps. Do you like listening to music while doing homework? If you do, you will like Le Pen. Le Pen With a music player planted inside, Le Pen plays music when you write on paper. The music stops when you stop writing. So if you want to enjoy more of your favorite songs, keep on writing. One Wheel In the near future you may find a new way to escape traffic: a self- balancing skateboard called One Wheel. It can go as fast as 19 km an hour. On a single charge, it can take you as far as 7～10 km. （1）If you want to enjoy music while writing, you can choose___________. A. B.

C. D.

（2）According to the passage, Android Wear can_________.

A. go as fast as 19 km an hour B. run, balance, dance and even serve you C. tell you how to get to some places D. play music while you are writing on paper （3）What's the best title for the passage?

A. Four new cool inventions B. How to use Le Pen C. Four useful robots D. The smart watches 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了四项新的发明都很酷。

（1）推理题。根据Le Pen plays music when you write on paper. The music stops when you stop writing当你在纸上写字时，勒庞会演奏音乐。当你停止写作时，音乐就停止了可知， 如果你想边写作边欣赏音乐，你可以选择，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Where's the nearest toy store?\" Your watch will tell you the answer on Google Maps. 最近的玩具店在哪里？你的手表会在谷歌地图上告诉你答案 可知， Android Wear可以告诉你怎么去一些地方 ，故选C。

（3）主旨题。根据本文介绍了四项新的发明都很酷可知，标题应是 Four new cool inventions，四项都很酷的新的发明 ，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers.

Paper is very good for keeping you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes-40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.

Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones.

The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. （1）Only half of the world's paper is used to _________. A. build houses

B. help the homeless people C. make chairs, tables and beds D. print（印刷）newspapers and books

（2）The farmers in Finland wear paper boots in winter _________. A. to feel much cooler B. to be cool

C. to keep their feet warm D. to save a lot of money

（3）The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These houses are _________. A. big and strong enough to live in for many years B. made for children to play in or for homeless men to live in C. made only for the rich people D. not expensive and easy to build up

（4）After you use a paper raincoat, you may _________.

A. use it for a long time B. sell it to others C. lend it to others D. throw it away 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了纸的新用途，可以用来做靴子，做帽子、做纸裙、做纸雨衣还能建造房子，这样的房子可以使用五年。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers. 可知，世界上只有一半的纸用来印刷报纸和书，故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据 The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer. 可知芬兰的农民穿纸靴子保暖，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years.可知纸房子不贵也很容易搭建，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据 When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. 可知纸雨衣用过之后会扔掉，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。

11．阅读理解

A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband

that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far, no banks in Britain have said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future. The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber, said people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or their power is weak. He added that many young people have the \"ostrich effect\". This is when people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they have in their bank accounts.

（1）The company made the product to help itself _________.

A. make money B. save money C. spend money D. rob money （2）The wristband has to work with _________.

A. shops B. doctors C. banks D. Intelligent Environments （3）Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is _________.

A. helpless B. great C. a big surprise D. cheap （4）You can read this passage in a _________.

A. health magazine B. science magazine C. sports magazine D. weather report 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具——腕带，如果你花钱多了，它会电击你，它是互联网的一部分。

（1）逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。 （2）细节理解题，根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联，故答案是C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是B。 （4）文章出处题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和文章出处题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实；文章出处题需要根据文章内容来判断文章的来源。

12．阅读理解

Big data（数据） is lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the

data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites（社交媒体网站）, companies and governments. One set of data can have people's names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.

Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need more help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.

Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he, she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.

How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people. （1）This reading is about ______. A. what big data is and how it is used B. what schools and hospitals people like C. where important data is collected and stored

D. how big data is controlled by governments and companies （2）One company uses weather information to ______.

A. help children in need B. know when people will visit the hospital C. find out who tides the bus or train D. understand when people will need ice cream （3）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is ____. A. big data can be used for good reasons B. we can use big data in a number of ways C. big data can be used for both good and bad reasons D. we can use big data to stop babies from getting sick

（4）The overall tone （总基调） of this reading is _________. A. sad and personal B. personal and scientific C. informative but silly D. scientific and informative 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。

（1）主旨大意题，根据文章第一段第一句Big data （数据） is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. 和第二段第一句Big data can be used in many ways.可知，大数据是将许多信息集合在一起，以便计算机程序使用，而且大数据可以以多种方式使用。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。故选Ａ。

（２）细节理解题，根据文章第二段最后一句For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.可知，一家公司使用天气数据来查看人们什么时候吃的冰激凌最多。故选Ｄ。

（３）段落大意题，根据文章第三段第一句Big data can be used for good reasons.和第四句Big data can also be used for bad reasons.可知，大数据既可以用于良性的改善救助，也可以用于预防恶性的行为。故选C。

（4）推理判断题，这篇文章主要讲的是什么是大数据以及如何使用它。而且文章使用了很多例子，让读者更容易理解。整篇文章具有科学性且信息丰富，具有教育意义。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及细节题、推断题、段落大意题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落大意题是通读整段，找出主题句；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

The unknown world's mystery

The sea is the biggest unknown part of our world. It covers about seventy-one percent of the earth. There is still much to be discovered about this huge part of water. If the waters of the ocean could be removed, the sea floor with its wide valleys（峡谷）, tail mountains and long rivers in the sea would be a special sight. Tourism under the deep blue sea

From tourist submarines（潜艇） to underwater dining, undersea tourism is making a big splash.

Tourists can now explore（探索） the world under the sea without ever getting wet. Tourist submarines

The popularity of submarine tours has grown fast during these years. Now, submarine tours have been on in more than 20 places worldwide, including the waters around Okinawa and Taiwan's Green Island. The submarines carry nearly 2 million tourists each year. Large windows give passengers special views as the submarines explore colorful coral reefs and sunken ships. Most one-hour tours cost about $ 80. Underwater dining

For a more fantastic experience, tourists can enjoy fine dining under the sea. In 2016 the Hilton Maldives Resort & Spa opened the world's first underwater restaurant, Ithaa. Tourists walk down a staircase into the restaurant, which rests 35 feet in the Indian Ocean. You can have a great ocean view. But this excellent view doesn't come cheap. The dinner costs about $ 400 per person. Be sure to book it early, too, The restaurant seats only 14 people.

（1）What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 1? A. The sea is the biggest unknown part of our world. B. The sea covers about seventy-one percent of the earth. C. The reasons for researching undersea tourism. D. The sea is a part of the unknown world's mystery.

（2）Which of the following statements about tourist submarines is TRUE? A. There are tourist submarines in every part of the world now. B. Tourist submarines have carried about 2 million tourists so far. C. People can enjoy tourist submarines in the waters around Okinawa.

D. The Hilton Maldives Resort & Spa opened the world's second underwater restaurant. （3）The walls of the restaurant Ithaa are most probably made of ________. A. stone B. metal C. glass D. wood （4）From the passage, We can infer that the author ________. A. is worried about underwater tourism B. shows great interest in underwater tourism C. is a little nervous about underwater tourism D. doesn't think underwater tourism is a good idea 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了海底旅游资源开发的三种形式，深海旅游；旅游潜水艇以及水下用餐。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句 If the waters of the ocean could be removed, the sea floor with its wide valleys（峡谷）, tail mountains and long rivers in the sea would be a special sight.提示可知，海底世界有很多特别的景观，这是开发海底旅游的原因，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Now, submarine tours have been on in more than 20 places worldwide, including the waters around Okinawa and Taiwan's Green Island. 提示可知，在冲绳附近海域可以欣赏观光潜艇。故选C。

（3）理解推断题。根据文中语句You can have a great ocean view.提示可知，餐馆的的墙应该是用玻璃制造的，故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了海底旅游的三种形式，这说明作者对海底旅游比较感兴趣。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

I believe that we can have an important effect on anyone we meet. The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was

deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried,

\"That's right, Stephen! \"For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）.At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome（克服） them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment.

When I was three years old, my parents discovered I was deaf. After asking many doctors and parents of other deaf children, they decided to put me in a normal school.

On my first day in the school, the other kids made fun of me because of my hearing aid. And then I saw myself as an ugly kid.

Mrs. Jordan, my teacher changed all of that with a simple three-word phrase. One morning, she asked the class a question. I read her lips（嘴唇） and raised my hand right away. She called me. I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question.

I will never forget what happened next. Mrs. Jordan pointed directly at me. With a big smile she cried, \"That's right, Stephen!\" For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增）. At that moment, I decided that no matter how many difficulties I may face, I can overcome（克服） them. Just from those three simple words, my life changed from that moment. （1）The writer felt when he answered the question.

A. excited B. happy C. afraid D. nervous （2）What is TRUE about the writer? A. He often made fun of his classmates. B. He didn't have confidence in himself. C. He was outgoing and could learn quickly. D. He got along very well with his classmates.

（3）What did the writer want to tell us in the story? A. It's the teachers' duty to help students build their confidence. B. The right words at the right time can make a difference. C. Being deaf doesn't mean being less important than others. D. We need to prove ourselves when we are given a chance. （4）What is the best title for the passage? A. We Should Be Confident B. Mrs. Jordan Is My Teacher C. The Words That Changed My Life D. The Deaf Boy Has a Good Chance 【答案】 （1）D

（2）B （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个不自信的听力障碍孩子，因为老师的一句话改变了她的生活。

（1）细节理解题，根据 I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs. Jordan's question. 可知，当作者回答问题的时候很紧张。故答案是D。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据 For the first time in my young life, my confidence soared（剧增） 可知，作者第一次增加了自信。可知原来是没有自信的。故答案是B。

（3）细节理解题，根据 The right words at just the right time could change someone's life. 可知，作者想告诉我们的是，正确的时间正确的语言可以改变一个人的生活。故答案是B。 （4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述老师的一句话对作者的改变。故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到了细节理解题，标题判断题，逻辑推理题三种题型，细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，标题判断需要充分理解文章的意思，提炼中心，凝练句式得到正确答案。逻辑推理题则需要根据关键句进行科学严谨的推理得出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

In Australia, international students have to study at a language center for two terms. Everyone will have a test before entering school. The degree of the test is from easy to difficult, just like a game. Then students will get into a classroom which is suitable for them.

The classes in a language center are free. There are no specific（具体的） subjects. Each teacher can teach anything they want. Some of them allow students to use computers to search for information online. Some like to hold activities to make students exchange their opinions freely in class. Some introduce Australian history through films.

As one of the students in the learning center, I find all of them are friendly. They welcome all of our questions. One of my teachers, Don, is kind. I used to have problems. \"Do you need help?\" he asked me after class. I was not familiar with him so I was too shy to share my real feelings.\" Don't hesitate（犹豫）to ask me if you have any questions, \"he said. He looked at me and smiled. I told him my trouble in a small voice. I couldn't understand the vocabulary. To my surprise, he gave me a sheet of words and asked me to remember them. Then I found his class simple and interesting.

Don has a great sense of humor, too. When we learned about probability（可能性）, he let us give him some examples like, \"What is the chance of...?\" Someone joked, \"What is the chance of Don becoming angry?\" He pretended（假装） to be angry at once. But soon he laughed with us. （1）________should study at a language center for two terms in Australia. A. Australian students B. International students

C. Chinese students D. American students （2）From the passage, we know that ________________. A. it is really expensive to have classes at a language center B. students will have the same classes at a language center

C. students with a good performance won't have a test before entering a school D. some teachers allow students to use computers to search for information online （3）The writer's experience in Para. 3 shows .

A. how friendly the teachers are B. how simple Don's class is C. how to get help from classmates D. how to ask questions （4）What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer enjoys his time in the language center. B. The writer will pass the language test of the difficult degree. C. Don sometimes is easy to get angry at once. D. The writer will finish the language classes in one term. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在澳大利亚，国际学生必须在语言中心学习，和作者在学习中心渡过的快乐时光。

（1）细节题。根据 international students have to study at a language center for two terms. 可知 国际学生必须在语言中心学习两学期，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Some of them allow students to use computers to search for information online 可知 其中一些允许学生使用计算机在网上搜索信息，故选D。

（3）主旨题。根据 I find all of them are friendly 和 One of my teachers 可知作者告诉我们那的老师都很友好，故选A。

（4）推理题。根据 Then I found his class simple and interesting 可知 作家喜欢在语言中心工作，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。