一、打电话
（一）文化背景
Nowadays, especially when almost everyone has a mobile phone, it's difficult to imagine a time when the telephone did not yet exist! In 1876 Alexan-der Graham Bell, a Scotsman in America, invented the first telephone. He called it an \"electrical speech ma-chine \". Today we can also use the Internet to commu-nicate with people. Do you think that one day the Internet might replace the telephone? 今天，特别是在几乎每个人都有移动电话的时代，你能想象出当初还没有电话是什么样子的吗？1876年，亚历山大.格瑞汉姆.贝尔，一个在美国的苏格兰人，发明了世界上第一部电话。他把它叫做“电话机”。今天，我们已经能够用国际互联网与他人交流了。你是否认为，有一天因特网会取代电话的位置？
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（二）单词习语 1. communicate v. 沟通, 通5.dicey adj. 不确定的 信 这可说不准。 Well, it's really dicey. 今天，我们还可以用国际互联网6. errand n. 差事, 差使, 与他人交流了。’ Today we can also use the 使命 Internet to communicate with 她今天一早就出去办事了。 people. She left early today to run a 2. replace v. 取代, 替换 few errands. 你是否认为，有一天因特网会取7. message n. 消息 代电话？ 那好，我能留个口信吗？ Do you think that one day the Ok, can I leave a message? Internet might replace the 8. take down 拿下, 记下 telephone? Alyson 用笔认认真真地记下了号3. ring vi. 响, 鸣 码。 突然，电话铃响起。 Alyson takes down the number Suddenly, the telephone carefully. rings. 4. pick up 掘地, 捡起 她拿起电话。 9. playboy n. 花花公子 Begonia 像个花花公子似的！ Begonia seems like a playboy!She picks up the phone. Do you have any other symp-toms? 10. kill time 消磨时间 他在房间里踱着，消磨着时间。 he walks around in the room to kill time. 2
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（三）句型详解 1．Hello! May I speak to Lisa? If the person that you want to talk to does not answer the phone when you call, then you can use this sentence. It is a polite way to ask for the person that you want to talk to. 如果打电话时，不是你要找的人接的电话，你可以用这句话麻烦对方传递一下。 放心用吧！这句话绝对礼貌。 2. This is Begonia Zhao speaking. This is ...speaking. 这其实就是我们中文里常说的“我是……”， 千万不要说成了 “I'm...”。 3. Do you know when she might be back? If the person you want to talk with is not in, you can ask when he might be back. This is more polite than just asking \"When will she be back?\" 如果你要找的人不在，你可以问他可能什么时候回来。 “Do you know when she might be back?” 要比 “When will she be back?” （她什么时候回来？）礼貌得多。 3
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4. Can I leave a message?
If you have something important to say, you can ask to leave a message for the person that you want to talk with.
如果你有要事相告，可以给你要找的人留一个口信。
5. Could you have Lisa call me back? My number is 12345678.
This is a polite way to ask to have someone call you back or return your phone call.
想让别人给你回电话就可以用上这两句话了。（为了保险起见，还是留下自己的号码吧。）
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（四）情景对话
F:Hello! Alyson! 你好！我是 Alyson!
M:Hello! May I speak to Lisa? 您好，请问 Lisa 在吗？
F:I'm sorry. I'm afraid Lisa is not here at the moment. Can I ask who's calling?
对不起，Lisa 现在不在。请问你是哪位？
M:This is Begonia Zhao speaking. 我是 Begonia Zhao。
F:Well, Mr. Zhao, is there anything I might be able to help you with?
噢，赵先生，有什么我可以帮忙吗？
M:Well, not right now, but maybe later. Anyhow, I was just looking for Lisa. Do you know when she might be back?
现在不用，晚点有可能。我在找Lisa，你知道她大概什么时候回来吗？
F:Well, it's really dicey. I'm not that sure when she'll be back. She left early today to run a few errands, but I think she'll be back late this afternoon.
这可说不准。我不太肯定她什么时候回来。她今天一早就出去办事了，我想今天下午晚些时候会回来的。
M:Ok, can I leave a message? 那好，我能留个口信吗？
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F:Sure, can I have your phone number? 当然可以。你的电话号码是多少？
M:Yes, could you have Lisa call me back? My number is 12345678.
你能让Lisa 给我回电话吗？我的号码12345678。
F:12345678. Is that right? 12345678，是吗？
M:Yes, that's right. Thank you. 是的。谢谢！
F:You're more than welcome. I'll have her call you back as soon as she gets in. 不客气！她一回来我就让她回电话。
M:Great! You know, if you feel bored, you and I could shoot the breeze for a while?
太好了！如果你在办公室觉得闷，我们可以闲聊一会儿?
F:Uh, I would like that, but our boss would be mad. Oh, he is coming! I'm pretty busy as it is, but thanks any-how.
嗯，我是愿意，但我们老板会疯掉。噢，他来了！我现在非常非常忙，谢谢你啊！
M:Poor girl! Alright. Please have Lisa call me back. Then, Bye!
可怜的女孩！那么，请让Lisa给我回电话。好吧！再见！
F:Bye! 再见！
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二、捎口信
（一）文化背景
you call a company, the secretary will almost always offer to take a message and \"pass it on\" to his/her boss. It is considered annoying and rude to call someone and not leave a message when their answering machine is on. If 如果你打电话到哪家公司，秘书通常都会帮你捎个口信然后“转达给”他/她的老板。如果你找的某个人不在，而电话录音已经开始，这时候不留话会被认为很没素质。 7
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（二）单词习语
1. secretary n. 秘书
秘书通常会帮你捎个口信，然后“转达给”他/她的老板。 The secretary will almost always offer to take a message and \"pass it on\" to his/her boss.
6. beside prep. 在旁边
“星期五酒吧”就在大厦的边上。
The Friday Bar is right beside the building. Well, it's really dicey.
2. important adj. 重要的, 7. kid v. 哄骗, 取笑, 开玩重大的
她。
笑
You must be kidding.
我确实有一些重要的事情要告诉 你一定是开玩笑。
There's really something im-8. blush v. 脸红, 羞愧 portant I have to tell her.
Shirley不由自主地脸红了
3. university n. (综合)大学 Shirley starts blushing
你知道在学院南路上的那个酒吧uncontrollably. 吗？
9. serious adj. 严肃的, 认
You know the Bar on South 真的 University Road?
我是认真的！
4. direction n. 方向, 指导
让我来告诉你。
Let me give you directions.
I'm serious!
10. trap n. 圈套, 陷阱, 诡计
Tom开始布设他的陷阱。 Tom is beginning to lay his trap.
5. pleasure n. 愉快, 快乐, 乐事
很乐意帮忙。
My pleasure.
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（三）句型详解 1.She is not in right now.
Leaving and taking messages is an important part of American social and business culture. Most people have an answering machine in both their home and office. This sentence also can be an excuse. If some-one says this 4 times, you can \"get theclues\". 她现在不在。留口信和捎口信是美国社会和商业活动文化的重要组成部分。大多数人不论是家里还是办公室都有一部录音电话。这句话也可以被当作是一个借口。如果你连续四次被告
2. I can take a message for you.
\"Take\" here means pass on a message to someone else. It is common to replace \"take\" with \"take down\" which means \"write the message down\" to ensure that you won't forget to deliver it. If you don't offer, the caller might think you don't want them to call back again or that they are unimportant.
我给你捎口信吧。“Take” 在这里的意思是把信息传递给其他的人。通常用“take down”代替 “take”, 它的意思就是“把信息写下来”以确保你不会忘记传递给别人。如果你不把信息写下来，打电话的人可能认为你不想让他们再打过来，或者说他们并不重要。
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3. I'm sorry, I don't know.
Americans hate it when people pretend to know more than they really do. If an American asks you a question that you can't answer accu-rately, just say, \"I'm sorry, I don't know.\" For ex-ample, if you don't know how to get to a destina-tion, don't try to give a foreigner direction. “抱歉，我不太清楚。”美国人很讨厌不懂装懂。当有美国人问你问题时，如果你不知道准确的答案，就说“对不起，我不知道。” 例如，如果你自己不知道该如何去某个地方， 千万不要再去给老外指路。
4. I'll tell her that.
When you say this, you are making a promise to the other person that you will remember and deliver the message. If you forget or don't remem-ber the message accurately the other two people will feel a little disrespected and might hold a grudge! For this reason, Americans usually write messages down.
我会告诉她的。当你说出这句话时，你就向别人做出了承诺：你会记住传达口信的。如果你忘记了或者不能准确地记住口信的内容，那会让人觉得你不尊重他们，而且还有可能对你产生一点怨恨！就因为这个原因，美国人通常都把口信写下来。
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（四）情景对话 M:Hello! 你好！ F:Hello! Eh, does Tina live here? 你好！嗯，Tina住在这儿吗 M:Yes, but she's not in right now. 是的，但是她现在不在。 F:Shoot, I knew I should have called before I came all the way here. Eh...When will she come back, do you know? 该死，我在来之前先打个电话就好了。嗯……你知道她什么时候回来吗？ M:I don't know. I can take a message for you though. 我不知道。但是我可以给你捎个口信。 F:That's great! There's really something important I have to tell her. Eh...may I come in? 太好了！我确实有一些重要的事情要告诉她。嗯……我可以进来吗？ M:Sure! 可以 F:My name is Tom. 我叫Tom。 M:Call me Shirley. 我叫Shirley。 11
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F:Ok, Shirley. I was Tina's classmate when we were in high school. This Saturday our class will hold a party in the Friday Bar. You know the Bar on South University Road? Shirley，我和Tina在高中时是同学，这个周六我们的同班校友要在“星期五”酒吧举行一个晚会。你知道在学院南路上的那个酒吧吗？ M:No, I'm sorry, I don't know. 不好意思，我不知道。 F:Well, let me give you directions. There is a CATIC Building on the South Uni. Road. She can take bus No.387, then get off at the North Peltison station. Once she gets there she will see the CATIC Building. The Friday Bar is right beside that building. She can't miss it. 好吧，让我来告诉你。在学院南路上有一个CATIC大厦。她可以坐387路公交车，在North Peltison站下车。她到那儿就可以看到CATIC大厦。Friday酒吧就在大厦的边上，她肯定能找到。 M:Ok, I'll tell her that. 好的，我会告诉她的。 F:Another thing! The party will start at 6:00 p.m. So make sure she remembers the time. 还有一件事！晚会是晚上六点开始。让她记住这个时间。 12
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M:No problem! 没问题！ F:Great! Thank you so much! 太好了！太谢谢你了！ M:My pleasure. 很乐意帮忙。 F:I hope you don't think I'm too forward in saying this, but there's something else I want to tell you... 我希望我说的话不会冒犯你，我还想跟你说…… M:What? 说什么？ F:Uh...Oh, well the thing is...I think you're the most beau-tiful girl I've seen in years! 嗯……我想说的是……我觉得，你是我多年来见过的最漂亮的女孩子！ M:Really? You must be kidding. 真的吗？你一定是开玩笑。 F:No, no, no, I'm serious! Actually, I never lie. Uh...Why didn't you go out with her today? 不，不，不。我是认真的！事实上，我从来不撒谎。嗯……你今天怎么没有跟她一块儿出去？ 13
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M:She already had a date. 她已经有约了。 F:Really? 真的吗？ M:Yes. Her boyfriend went with her. 是真的。她的男朋友跟着她。 F:So, where's your boyfriend? He should take you out for some fun. 那，你的男朋友哪儿去了？他应该带着你出去玩啊。 M:He has an exam this afternoon. So he is busy studying now. 他今天下午有一个考试。所以他现在正在拼命学习呢。 F:Really? Ok. So would you please tell Tina what I said? 真的吗？好吧！那么，你帮我转告一下Tina好吗？ M:Sure! 没问题！ F:Ok, bye-bye! 好，拜拜！
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三、寻找洗手间
（一）文化背景
Public restrooms can be found in almost every building in America, whether it is an office building, restaurant, or store. They are always stocked with free toilet paper, soap and sometimes even vanity mirrors! If you have to... go, your best bet is to ask for the nearest restroom. 无论是写字楼、饭店，还是商店，在美国几乎所有的建筑里都可以找到公共洗手间。它们通常备有免费的厕纸，香皂，有时还有化妆镜。假如你得…… 你最好去打听最近的洗手间。 （二）单词习语
1. toilet paper 手纸
它们通常备有免费的厕纸。
They are always stocked with free toilet paper.
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2. restroom n. 洗手间 在美国几乎所有的建筑里都可以找到公共洗手间。 That's roadside robbery! 7. plaza n. 广场，购物中Public restrooms can be found 心 in almost every building in America. 在街对面的广场上有一个。 There's one in the plaza across the street. 3. escort v. 护卫, 护送 我送你去那儿。 I'll escort you there. 8. royalty n. 王族成员，皇家阶层或家族的一员 他们对待顾客就像对待上帝。 4. crosswalk n. 人行横道 They treat customers like 洗手间就在那儿，在人行横道边上。 The restroom is just over there, beside the crosswalk. royalty. 9. elevator n. 电梯 记得乘电梯上三楼！ Use the elevator to get to the third floor! 5. bargain v. 讨价还价 不要再和我讨价还价了. Don't bargain with me any more. 6. robbery n. 抢劫 那简直是拦路抢劫！ 16
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（三）句型讲解
1. Where's the washroom?
Restroom, ladies'/men's room, the john, toilet, lavatory, bathroom, are all synonyms that you can safely use.
洗手间在哪？ “restroom, ladies'/men's room, the john, toi-let, lavatory, bathroom” 都可以用来表示洗手间, 你可以放心大胆地使用，没问题。
2. I need to take a leak.
This is a very casual way of telling someone that you
need to urinate. You can use this sentence as a precursor to requesting help finding a restroom.
我想小解。这是一种较为随意的方式，告诉别人你想小便。你可以使用这句话，要求别人帮你找到洗手间。
3. Is it open to the public?
If you are not allowed to enter an area, you may see a sign posted on the door: Not open to the public.
Other sentences that mean the same things are, \"Employees only\" and \"Authorized personnel only\".
它对公众开放吗？如果某个区域禁止外人进入，你通常可以在入口处看到这样的标志“闲人免进”。其他类似的句子有：“内部
员工使用”、“指定人员使用”。
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（四）情景对话
M:Excuse me, where's the washroom? 劳驾，请问哪里有洗手间？ F:What? 什么？
M:Ur, I'm not from around here, and I need to take a leak. Could you tell me where the nearest bathroom is?
啊，我是外地人，我想小解。你能告诉我最近的洗手间在哪儿吗？
F:Where is the washroom? 哪儿有洗手间？ M:Yeah, yeah. 对，对。
F:There are many restrooms in the building, just take a look around. If you really can't find one, come back and I'll escort you, ok?
在这幢大厦里就有很多，你可以找一下。如果你真的找不到，再回来找我，我送你过去，好吧？ F:Any luck? 运气好吗？
M:No. The restrooms are all for employees only. Are there any other restrooms nearby?
没有。这里的洗手间是员工专用的。这附近还有没有其他的洗手间？ F:Not sure. Oh, I remember one! Just over there, beside the crosswalk.
我不太确定。噢，我想到了一个！就在那儿，在人行横道边上。 M:Yeah, I see it, thank you! Is it open to the public?
哦，我看见了，谢谢你。是向公众开放的吗？
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F:Of course! And don't try to bargain, 'cause they don't give discounts.
当然了！而且你根本都不要想着跟他们砍价，他们是不会打折的。
M:How much do they ask for? 他们要多少钱？ F:Five bucks! 五美元！
M:That's roadside robbery! Aren't there any free ones?
那简直是拦路抢劫！这儿有免费厕所吗？
F:Yeah, I guess I know one place with free rest-rooms. It's in a hospital. But... they're not open to the public either.
有，我想我知道一个地方有免费厕所。它在一家医院里。但是……它们也不对外开放。
M:Then, why'd you tell me that? 那你给我讲这些干嘛？
F:I told you that, so you could pretend to be a pa-tient and use it for free!
我给你讲这些，是因为你可以装成病人去那儿，然后你就可以免费使用洗手间了！
M:It's too far away! Look at how much baggage I have!
那太远了！你看看我背了多少行李？
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F:Don't get angry. I'm just messing around. It's im-portant to have a sense of humor you know! Oh, I remember! There's one in the plaza across the street. I'm being serious!
别生气，我只是消磨消磨时间嘛。你知道，有一点幽默感是非常重要的！噢，我想起来了！在街对面的广场上有一个。这次我可是认真的! M:Is it open to the public? 它是对外开放的吗？ F:Yeah, it is. 对，是的。
M:This is the last time I'm gonna trust you. 这是我最后一次相信你。
F:Relax! On the second floor of that building, there's a washroom, but only for ladies.
随意点！在那幢大厦的二层，有一个洗手间，但是它是女士专用的。 M:And... 然后…
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F:And the men's restroom is in the northeast corner on the third floor. You can go right into the restroom on the third floor. No one would give you any trouble since it's a department store. As far as they're concerned, everyone who walks in is a potential customer and they treat customers like royalty. Anything else I can help you with? 供男士使用的洗手间在第三层的东北角上。你可以直接进三楼的洗手间。因为那是一个百货商店,没人会给你制造麻烦的，对他们来说，每个走进那幢大厦的人都是潜在顾客，他们对待顾客就像对待贵族一样。还有什么我可以帮忙的吗？ M:No, no, no, that's it! Bye! 不，不，不，就这些！再见！ F:Use the elevator to get to the third floor! 记得乘电梯上三楼！ M:Thank you! 谢谢你！
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四、提供帮助
（一）文化背景
long ago, in America people were hesitant to
offer assistance to others in trouble. The reason is that so many people were being sued for trying to help that people became afraid to get involved. As a result a law called the \"Good Samaritan law\" was passed to protect people so that they could not be sued for trying to save others.
不久以前，在美国人们对是否应该帮助处于困境当中的人心怀疑虑。如此多的人因为尽力帮助别人反遭控诉，这导致人们不愿卷入麻烦。因此，“好撒马里塔人法”被通过了，以确保人们不会因为好心帮助别人而反遭控诉。
Not
（二）单词习语
1. sue v. 提出控诉
许多人因为尽力帮助别人而反遭控诉。
Many people were being sued for trying to help other people.
2. anxious adj. 焦虑不安的
他看起来很急。
He seems very anxious.
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3. reporter n. 记者，新闻调Possible set crew. 查人
我是一个记者。 I am a reporter.
7. puzzle vi. 迷惑，困扰
Thomas看起来有一点困惑。 Thomas seems a little puz-
4. camera n. 照相机，摄影机 zled..
8. square n. 广场；楼间空地 这是我的相机。
This is my camera.
天安门广场
Tian An Men Square.
5. communication n. 传达，通讯
东方闪电文化传播公司
Eastern Lightning Culture Com-munication Company
9. impatient adj. 不耐烦的
Thomas有一点不耐烦了。 Thomas gets a little impa-tient.
6. interview n. 面试，面对面的正式会见或访谈
对“开口ABC” 剧组的采访 An interview with the Mission
10. load v. 把……装入
今天早上我忘记装胶卷了！ I forgot to load the film this morning!
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（三）句型详解
1. Can I help you, sir?
If your car were to break down while you were driving in America, someone would most likely stop to see if you needed help.
当你驾驶着一辆汽车飞驰在美国的公路上，突然，车抛锚了。过路的人绝大多数会停下车来，看看你是否需要帮助。
2. I need to ask for a favor.
If you want to make friends with someone, a good tactic is to ask a favor such as asking a question or asking him/ her to do what he/she is good at. People are flattered when others recognize their knowledge or special skills and are likely to respond positively.
我需要帮忙。如果你想与某人交朋友,有个很好的策略就是请他/她帮帮忙，比如说请教问题,请他/她做其最擅长的事情等。 当人们感觉到自己的学识或特殊技能受到了赏识，当然会很高兴，并做出积极反应。
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3. Sure, go ahead.
Many Americans will regard it as an honor to help you learn to pro-nounce an English word correctly or explain the meaning of a slang term. Give it a try when you get the chance!
许多美国人都觉得帮助别人改正发音,解释某些俚语的意思是一种荣幸。如果你有机会遇到他们的话，不妨试一试。
4. Anytime.
If you thank an American for returning a lost item to you he might respond by saying, \"anytime.\" In this context the word is used to express that the American was happy to help you and will be willing to help again in the future. In Japan, laws stipulate that who-ever finds your lost item and returns it to you must be rewarded a portion of the lost item's value. However, this is not a law in the U.S..
随时（愿意为您效劳）。在美国，当失主向拾金不昧者致谢时，通常做好事的人耸耸肩，说“随时效劳”。在上下文中，这个单词用来表达老美们愿意帮助你并且在将来也愿意为您效劳！在日本，法律规
定，失物的主人必须将其失物价值的一部分奖给拾金不昧、物归原主者。 但美国没有这样的法律规定。
25
日常生活
（四）情景对话 M:Can I help you, sir? 先生，需要我帮忙吗？ F:Yeah. I need to ask a favor. 是的。我需要您的帮助。 M:Sure, go ahead. What is it? 好哇，说吧。是什么事情呢？ F:Ok, where do I start... I am a reporter. This is my camera. This morning I got up, washed my face and ate my breakfast. Then I went directly to the Beijing Eastern Lightning Culture Communication Company and did an interview with the Mission Possible set crew. The whole interview process lasted about two hours. I didn't have any time to rest. 好，我从哪儿说起呢……我是一个记者。这是我的相机。今天早晨我从床上起来，洗过脸吃过早餐之后,就径直来到北京东方闪电文化传播有限公司，采访“开口ABC”剧组。整个采访过程持续了大约两个小时。我连休息的时间都没有。 F:You know what I mean? 你知道我是什么意思吗？ M:Yeah...so what? 是的……那怎么了？ 26 日常生活
F:Ok. Immediately after that, I took a taxi and went to Tian An Men Square...Tian... An.. Men...Square...am I right? 紧接着，我立即打的去了天安门广场……天……安……门……广场……我说得对吗？ M:Yes. Tian An Men Square. 对。天安门广场。 F:Ok, there I took some photos and after that I came here to find my next interviewee. But now I can't find him... 我在那儿拍了一些照片，接着就来这儿找下一个采访对象。但是现在，我找不到他…… F:Ok, Ok. It's just I haven't had a rest the whole morning. I haven't gone to the bathroom the whole morn-ing. So what I want to ask is: May I use your bathroom for a minute? 好了，好了！也就是我整整一上午都没有休息。整整一上午都没有去洗手间。所以，我想问一下：我可以用一下你的洗手间吗？ M:Bathroom? 洗手间？ F:Yeah you know, where you wash your hands... 是的。你知道的，就是你洗手的地方…… F:Right there! The bathroom, can I use it? 就是那儿！洗手间，我能用一下吗？ M:Sure. No problem! 当然。没问题！ 27 日常生活
F:Do you have any toilet paper? 你有手纸吗？ M:To...paper? 纸……纸？ F:Yes, toilet paper. Paper...paper. There isn't any in the bathroom. 是的，手纸。纸……纸。洗手间里的都用完了。 M:You mean this? 你是说这个吗？ F:Oh, my God! You use that in the bathroom? I mean the kind of paper people use in the bathroom. 哦，上帝呀！你在洗手间里面都用这种纸吗？我说的是，人们通常在洗手间里用的那种纸。 M:Ah, yes. I see. 哦，是的。我明白了。 F:Thank you. Thank you very much! 谢谢你。太谢谢你了！ F:I feel better now. Thank you for your help, young man. Thank you so much! 我现在感觉好多了。谢谢你的帮助，哥们。太感谢你了！ M:Anytime. 随时（愿意为您效劳）！ F:En...I want to give you something to express my thanks to you, but I don't know what to give you...wait, I got it! We can take a photo together! 嗯……我想给你一样东西，表达一下我的谢意，但是我不知道该给你什么……啊，等一下，我知道了！我们可以在一起照一张相嘛。 F:Oh no! I used up all the film this morning!... 噢，不会吧！今天上午，我把所有的胶卷都用光了！…… 28
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