大学四级-1929

(总分：713.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Part Ⅰ Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)

1.现代人越来越重视健康 2. 饮食好和睡眠好才能保持健康 3. 坚持锻炼对健康也十分重要

（分数：106.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(

How to Keep Healthy

Modern society provides people with better living conditions．However,its fast pace also gives people much more pressure than before．In order to have a good-quality life，keeping healthy is very important．

Eating and sleeping well are the basic conditions of keeping healthy．A balanced diet that makes a good combination of water,vegetables and meat can provide the body with the necessary nutrition．Having three meals a day at the fixed time is also important，which supplies the body with energy in time．For an adult，sleeping for around seven or eight hours per day will refresh him and help him concentrate. Children，of course，usuany need more time to sleep．Too much sleep debt can be very harmful to one's health and easily lead to diseases．

Doing sports regularly is also an essential part for good health．Proper exercise can help people to have a strong body,reducing the chances of having illness．Especially for those people who have to work in front of computers，taking a proper amount of exercise will keep them fit and away from physical diseases． Mso，sports may be the healthiest way of losing weight and keeping slim．) 解析：

二、Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(总题数：1，分数：70.00)

\"This job is killing me!\" That statement may seem to be an exaggeration, but in looking closely at the work environment, it has become apparent there is a serious problem affecting the productivity of organizations. This problem has been coined \"professional suicide\by a company which was among the first to become aware of the problem.

Professional suicide, a widespread but rarely studied phenomenon is costing companies not only dollars and cents, but the talents and skills of many bright and creative key employees. The

syndrome (症状) affects the talented hard-driving employees with strong accomplishment needs.

Those who are most likely to be affected are good employees who constantly operate in a crisis situation because of management's lack of planning or leadership. These initially

highly-motivated employees begin the suicidal process within three to five years after developing a solid record within the organization. The despair of not achieving what they want in what seems by now to be an absolutely hopeless situation has begun to influence their self-confidence. These upwardly mobile employees suddenly reverse course. Their work begins to become worse. They lose interest and fail to keep up with new on-the-job developments. They develop physical complaints and seem unable to change this downward trend. Sometimes they take another job beneath their capabilities. Many times they do things they surely know they will be fired for doing. In short, in many ways they rapidly and illogically destroy their careers and sometimes themselves.

What causes this apparent self-destruction? It is the result of a battle between specific characteristics of both the individual and the organizational environment. In the individual, problems have arisen in the satisfaction of basic needs common to all human beings. These basic needs described by Maslow as the \"Hierarchy (等级) of Human Needs\" are recognition and a sense of self-respect, growth and development, a sense of purpose and a structure from which to view the world. When people are unable to meet these needs in the organization, they leave or become inefficient because they're frustrated.

A frequent cause of professional suicide is that the behavior required for survival demands unacceptable violations of a person's values. Not being able to be totally frank with individuals on projects is one example. On projects, the rule is that team effort is expected, but in the end, individuals aren't rewarded—the team is king. If an individual works only in team efforts, they will seldom receive individual recognition. This lack of individual recognition begins to affect their egos and self-respect.

If the way to survive in an organization requires individuals to lie or to be deceptive, they will either avoid doing what it takes to get ahead in that organization, or do what it takes and feel guilty when they survive and progress. The degree to which the situation degrades, devalues, or shames the person is highly individual.

The organizational characteristics that create professional suicide are in direct opposition to basic individual needs. These characteristics become obvious by management's lack of setting specific goals and objectives or the \"rules of the game\" are confusing. Evaluation, feedback and individual performance reviews are carelessly managed or ineffective. Reward systems based on organizational resuks are non- existent or poorly defined. Anxiety, competition and guilt, rather than a reward system are used as motivators.

This lack of clear communication provides a powerful scapegoat (替罪羊) for managerial incompetence. If employees in lower positions get into trouble when tasks were poorly defined, they take the blame, after all, they were told—albeit the communication was confusing. Dr. Donald W. Cole, author of Professional Suicide, a Survival Kit for You and Your Job (1981, McGraw-Hill) conducted a study of corporate life. The style of corporate leadership he identified as necessary for keeping people healthy and productive offered a clear vision for the future—engage the employees in goal setting and planning; provide performance evaluations on a regular basis along with recognition and rewards. This style of management may seem self-evident as a good one, but it has proven remarkably difficult to convince many companies to implement it.

It has long been known that people need to have a sense of direction. People need to have the security to anticipate what is going to occur as a result of the actions they plan to take or have taken. They need to know if what they are doing is important and valued. And finally, they want to have a sense of belonging to an organization that provides opportunity for growth and development.

When management doesn't provide adequate information for employees to anticipate probable outcomes, anxiety follows. Employees need to have feedback to stimulate growth and development. Without feedback, people begin assuming the worst and the anxiety that results from it leads to reactive behavior, which is actually a protective response. This protective behavior occurs so the employee can survive in what she/he perceives as an unfriendly environment.

Thus, the once bright and creative employee retires in place merely making no progress until official retirement. The cycle of productive decay is the deterioration (恶化) of the very skills companies need to stop the circle of productivity loss. These employees figuratively and literally get into a cycle of personal and professional suicide.

The threat posed by professional suicide to the employee and its equally dangerous threat to the organization is obvious—individuals lose their careers and the organization not only loses its

best employees, but also leads to the expense of replacing them, which is estimated to be approximately $60,000 per person. In some organizations, this could mean the difference between success and failure.

In order to prevent employees and the organizational structure from the suicidal cycle, hiring practices need to look for managers and leaders with vision and the ability to set goals and define a purpose. Communication, feedback, support and encouragement provide a sense of personal worth and freedom from working overload.

（分数：70.00）

(1).How does professional suicide affect many bright and creative key employees? A. It causes anxiety and shames. B. It lowers their standard of living. C. It destroys their talents and skills.

D. It influences their self-confidence.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第二段第一句，说“工作自毁”是一种很普遍但是几乎没有被研究过的现象，它不但会让公司损失钱财，还会让公司失去一些聪明且富有创造力员工的智慧和技能。属于原意直现，所以选C。

(2).When do these highly-motivated employees begin the suicidal process? A. Shortly after they take a job beneath their capabilities.

B. Shortly after they fail to keep up with new on-the-job developments.

C. Within three to five years after achieving what they want in their companies.

D. Within three to five years after developing a solid record in their organizations.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第二段第四句，即在公司工作三五年后，工作状况基本稳定，起初积极主动的员工就会开始“自毁”过程。属于原意直现，所以选D。

(3).The employees' apparent self-destruction results from a battle between ______. A. the sense of self-respect and the sense of development B. the survival demands and people's potential capabilities C. the different social needs of the employees and the leaders

D. the specific characteristics of the individual and organizational environment（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第四段第一、二句，说员工的“自毁”主要是个人特点和机构环境特点冲突的结果。属于原意直现，所以选D。

(4).When the \"Hierarchy of Human Needs\" are not met in the organization, people will ______. A. leave and become inefficient

B. find a post in another company C. become frustrated and cowardly D. destroy their career（分数：7.00） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第四段最后一句，即在公司，员工的需求得不到满足时，就会变得灰心而离开公司，或者工作效率变得低下(…leave or become inefficient…)。属于原意直现，所以选A。

(5).What will affect people's egos and self-respect when they work only in team efforts? A. The lack of interpersonal communication. B. The lack of individual recognition. C. The loss of hope and future plans.

D. The loss of confidence and creativity.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第五段最后两句，最后一句说缺乏个人认可(this lack of individual recognition)就会影响个人的自我价值和自尊。属于原意直现，所以选B。

(6).According to the passage, the organizational characteristics that create professional suicide include all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. non-existent or poorly defined reward systems B. unacceptable violations of a person's values

C. competition rather than .a reward used as motivators

D. ineffective evaluation and individual performance review（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

从题干信息定位于原文第七段，说引起“工作自毁”的机构特点与个人的基本需求是完全相悖的，包括缺乏管理目标、管理规则不清楚；对个人的评价、反馈体系没有实施或者基本无效；没有奖励机制或没有清晰的奖励机制；焦虑、竞争和内疚成为工作动力，而不是奖励措施。采用排除法，所以选B。

(7).What should be done in hiring practices to prevent employees and organizations from the suicidal cycle?

A. Raising the salaries of managers and employees. B. Improving working environment and welfares. C. Attaching great importance to employees' needs.

D. Hiring managers and leaders with vision and competence.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文最后一段第一句，说为了预防员工和机构出现“毁灭”循环，雇佣时要找那些有远见、有能力制定目标的管理者和领导人(look for managers and leaders with vision and the ability to

set goals and define a purpose)。选项D中的competence和原文中ability意思一致，指“能力”。属于原意直现，所以选D。

(8).Dr. Donald W. Cole identified ______ as necessary for keeping people healthy and productive.（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the style of corporate leadership） 解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第九段第二句，公司领导风格是让人保持健康和高效的必要条件(The style ofcorporate leadership he identified as necessary for keeping people healthy and productive…)，所以此处填入the style of corporate leadership。

(9).People want to have a sense of belonging to an organization that provides opportunity for ______.（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：growth and development） 解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文第十段最后一句，他们想对能为他们提供成长和发展机会的公司产生归属感(…they want to have a sense of belonging to an organization that provides opportunity for growth and development．)，所以此处填入growth and development。

(10).The professional suicide not only causes the organization to lose its best employees but also leads to ______.（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：the expense of replacing them） 解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

从题干信息定位于原文倒数第二段第一句，这一威胁不仅会让公司失去最好的员工，也会产生接替优秀员工费用(…the organization not only loses its best employees，but also leads to the expense of replacing them…)，所以此处填入the expense of replacing them。

三、Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)

（分数：35.00）

(1).A. The woman should go on a diet.

B. The woman doesn't look as healthy as before. C. The woman should gain more weight to be healthy.

D. The woman doesn't need to worry about the gained weight.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √ 解析：[解析]

W：Oh my!I gained around five kilograms in the last 10 months．AU the clothes I've got are too small for me．

M：But you look much healthier than before．In fact．you can gain another five kilograms and still look good．

Q：What does the man imply?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频中男士说女士现在看起来更健康，再长胖10斤看起来也不错。由此推断男士认为女士没必要担心体重，所以选D。

(2).A. Because she got up too late.B. Because she missed the bus.

C. Because the bus broke down. D. Because the bus came late.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √

D.

解析：[解析]

M：You are late for class．Mary．What's the matter?

W：I am terribly sorry, Mr．Smith．I got up early this morning and managed to catch the early bus，but it broke down on the Way and I had to wait for another one． Q：Why was the woman late for class?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中女士说早晨她很早起床，赶上了早班车，但是半路车出了故障，采用排除法，所以选C。 (3).A. Because she doesn't understand his words. B. Because she can't speak his language. C. Because she is in a hurry at that time. D. Because she is not familiar with the place.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √ 解析：[解析]

M：Excuse me，can you tell me the way to the south railway station? W：I'm afraidI can't．I am a strangerhere． Q：Why can't the woman give the man directions?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中女士说很抱歉，她也是外地人。也就是说，女士对当地也不熟悉，所以选D。 (4).A. At 10:50. B. At 11:00.

C. At 11:10. D.At 11:20.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √ 解析：[解析]

M：Could you give me some information about trains to Nanjing?

W：The trains to Nanjing leave at 10 minutes to and 20 minutes past each hour．You just missed the 10:50 train．It left five minutes ago． Q：When will the next train leave?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频中女士说去南京的火车每小时差十分整点或整点过二十分开(at 10 minutes to and 20 minutes past each hour)，男士刚好错过10:50的火车，那么下趟火车就是11:20开了，所以选D。 (5).A. Because he wants to arrange an appointment with Dr. Jones. B. Because he wants to ensure his appointment with Dr. Jones. C. Because he wants to cancel his appointment with Dr. Jones.

D. Because he wants to inquire about Dr. Jones' schedule.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

M：Good morning．This is John Smith speaking．I am just calling to confirm my appointment with Dr． Jones for 11 o'clock this morning．

W：Yes．Dr．Tones is expecting to see you then． Q：Why does the man call the woman?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中男士说他打电话来是要确认11点与Jones博士的约会。confirm的意思是“证实、确认”，所以选B。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00） (1).A. Taking notes in class. B. How they did in an exam.

C. History in 1918. D. How to get high marks in exams.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] 19-21

W：How do you think you did，Mike?

M：I'm not sure．I was very rushed at the end，and didn't have time to finish the last question．I just quickly wrote down some points．

W：Didn't you outline your answers before you began? M：No，that would have taken too much time．

W：But if you had done that，you wouldn't have needed to rush at the end，because you could have handed in the outline，and would have got some marks for that．

M：Yes…Now that I think about it，I see what you mean．Oh，well，never mind…How did you do? W：Well，I think I wrote too much．I just got carried away,and I seemed to have written everything I knew about the topic．I'm not sure it was all logically connected． M：Well、at least you finished．

W：Yes，that's true．I'm really glad I took the time at the beginning to read all the questions and think about them before I began．I thought at first that the first question looked easy,but then I suddenly realized it wasn't asking about just what happened in 1918—it actually wanted you to write about what the influence of 1918 was on the next 10 years!

M：I answered that question last．But at least I had time to make my general opinion clear and put down some of my reasons for it．What helped was I think we did that question in class a couple of weeks ago， if I'm remembering correctly．

W：Look，I'm sure we both did fine! Let's go and get a coffee． M：Good idea!

19．What are the two speakers talking about?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频开始女士问男士感觉如何，男士说很紧张，没有时间完成最后一道题。由此推断他们讨论的话题与考试有关，所以选B。

(2).A. He was clear about the answers. B. There would be no marks for outlines. C. He had no time. D. He noted down some points.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析]

Why didn't the man draw an outline for the answers?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频中女士问男士是否在答题之前给答案列提纲了，男士回答说没有，因为列提纲花的时间太多。也就是说，他没有时间列提纲，所以选C。

(3).A. The two speakers are very upset about the exam. B. The two speakers don't lose heart about the exam. C. Neither of the two speakers finished the exam.

D. Neither of the two speakers did a similar question before.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation?

[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

音频中问男士对女士说Well，at least you finished，由此排除选项C。音频最后男士说有一道题我们在课堂上做过，由此排除选项D。音频最后女士说她相信他们俩考得都不错，说明他俩对本次考试的表现有信心，排除A项。采用排除法，所以选B。 （分数：21.00）

(1).A. They are a waste of time. B. They are too expensive. C. They are great fun. D. They are worthwhile.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √ 解析：[解析]

M：How are your violin lessons going?

W：Pretty well．My teacher says I am making big progress．Even though it has taken me plenty of time to practice，I find it pays．

Q：What does the Woman think of her violin lessons?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中女士说尽管小提琴课占用大量的时间进行练习，然而是值得的。pay的意思是“受益、划算”，与选项D中worthwhile(值得的)的意思一致，所以选D。 A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

W：Peter looks very sad these days. What's happened to him?

M：He failed in the election for chairman of students’union．He has been hoping for the position for a long time．

Q：What can we learn about Peter from the conversation?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频中男士说Peter在学生会的竞选中失败了，而他期待那个职位很久了。由此推断Peter一直想当学生会，所以选B。 A. B. √

C. D.

解析：[解析]

M：What do you think of Professor Callahan's lecture yesterday?

W：The topic is very interesting，but most of my classmates don't think it is interestingly presented，and not many students stayed to the end．

Q：What does the woman think of Professor Callahan's lecture?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频中女士说选题很有意思，但是讲得没意思。这里的present与选项B中的deliver意思一样，都是“表达、宣布”，所以选B。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00） (1).A. Life at a secondary school. B. The shops nearby.

C. Project for Economics. D. Researches and surveys.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] 22-25

M：Have you ever had to do experimental research before? W：Once．Haveyou?

M：Yes，but only for secondary school． W：What did you do it on?

M：1 was looking at how far people traveled to different kinds of shops．I used a questionnaire and interviewed shoppers． W：How did it go?

M：Not bad．but I did cheat a bit． W：Oh，really!

M：Yes，I didn't use any system of choosing who I interviewed．I just asked those who looked friendly and nice，and who I thought would answer my questions．I didn't ask many men or those shoppers who looked busy either．

W：at doesn't sound so terrible!

M：Wlell，it did probably bias the results，and I'm sure that if my teacher had known，I'd have had to do it again．What kind of research did you do?

W：I volunteered to do a survey last summer．1 was asked to investigate the kinds of shops that had closed， and those that remained didn't cater to local needs． M：That sounds interesting．Did you have any problems?

W：Yes．the first few days I tried recording a list of all the properties in the town center．But later I knew, cafes，pubs，clubs and so on weren't considered shops．Once I got all the information collected，my main trouble was deciding how to present it．I ended up writing a very short report． M：I would have made the same mistake，I'm sure! Let's hope this Project for Economics will go smoothly…

22．What are the two speakers talking about?

[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

对话开头男士先提到做实验研究，继而引出下面的对话，后面女士又谈到自己在去年夏天做过一个调查，综合理解上述信息，整个对话围绕研究(research)和调查(survey)进行谈论，所以选D。

(2).A. He traveled to the same shops. B. He didn't use a questionnaire.

C. He interviewed the people who looked friendly. D. He cheated in the statistics.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析]

Why does the man think his research results are biased?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

对话中当女士问男士实验研究的结果如何时，男士说自己的确有一点点作弊，因为没有使用任何系统来随机抽取受访对象，而只是采访了那些看上去友好和善的人，所以选C。 (3).A. Supermarkets. B. Pubs. C. Clubs. D. Cafes.（分数：7.00） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析]

According to the woman，which of the following are probably considered shops by the local people?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

对话中女士没有直接说问题的答案，而是说咖啡馆、酒吧和俱乐部(cafes，pubs，clubs and so on)不被认为是商店，因此排除选项B、C和D，所以选A。 (4).A. They will go to shops together.

B. They will do the Project for Economics together. C. They will interview the local people. D. They will write a short report.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

What will the two speakers probably do?

[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

对话一直在谈论researches and surveys的内容和进展过程中的问题，在对话结束时男士说让我们共同祝愿这个经济学项目进展顺利，所以选B。

五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00） (1).A. To make a TV advertisement for the air company. B. To show the advantages of traveling by plane. C. To inform how to keep the plane environment clean.

D. To inform air passengers of their safeness from flu virus.（分数：7.00）

A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] 26-28

Most of the Americans are worrying about catching the flu virus while traveling on the plane．First thing people should know is that the two expert agencies，WHO—the World Health Organization and CDC—Centers for Disease Control，have reviewed the environment in planes．Neither have recommended any restrictions whatsoever on travel．The air in a cabin of an airplane is better,more improved，because of hospital—grade air—cleaning machines and side by side circulation．Such kind of equipment and environment is in the vast majority of punic buildings in the United States including schools and offices． So don't be concerned about getting on an airplane．We have hands sanitizers and soap in the lavatories on aU of our planes，and we encourage people，as others do，to wash their hands frequently and cover their mouths when they cough．Besides，they were encouraged to take just everyday common—sense protections that their parents would tell them when they were going to sch001．The real key here I think is for all citizens to understand that if you don't feel well，stay at home，whether it's school，whether it's workplace， whether it's travel，just stay at home．Self-policing can do more to prevent the spread of this disease than almost anything．

26．What is the purpose of the speaker's remarks?

[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

音频首先提到多数美国人担心乘飞机旅行会感染流感病毒，随后提到世界卫生组织(WHO)和疾病防治中心(CDC)的说法，然后说明道，首先机舱内空气非常好；所有飞机上还配有洗手液和香皂，鼓励人们多洗手；最后还告诫人们：如果感觉不舒服就呆在家。综合来看，与选项D的意思一致，所以选D。 (2).A. Persuasive.B. Doubtful.

C. Demanding. D. Indifferent.（分数：7.00） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析]

What is the speaker's tone?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

doubtful(怀疑的)，demanding(要求多的)，indifferent(漠不关心的。结合上题题解内容，我们可知讲话者的目的是要消除乘客的疑虑，并且告诉他们一些远离流感病毒的方法，因此阱话者的语气是说服性的(persuasive)，所以选A。

(3).A. Using hand sanitizers and soaps in lavatories. B. Covering your mouth when you are coughing.

C. Equipping air-cleaning machines in public buildings. D. Staying at home when you don't feel well.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √ 解析：[解析]

What is the best way to prevent the spread of flu?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频最后告诫人们：如果感觉不舒服就呆在家(The real key here…is for all citizens to understand that ifyou don't feel well，stay at home…)。 key表示“关键的、重要的”，与题干中的the best way的意思一致，所以选D。 Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00） (1).A. Art works. B. Architectures.

C. Manufactured products. D. Diamonds and jewelries.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] 29-31

Universal Exposition or Expo(short for“exposition”)，also known as the World Fair and World's Fair, is the name given to various large public exhibitions held in different parts of the world．The first Expo was held in the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park，London，in 185 l under the title“Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations”. “The Great Exhibition”. as it is often called，was an idea of the British Queen’s husband，and was the first international exhibition of manufactured products．As such，it influenced the development of several aspects of society including art and design education，international trade and relations，and even tourism．Also，it set an example for many international exhibitions，later called “World's Fairs”，which were subsequently held to the present day．

The main attractions at World's Fairs are the national halls，created by participating countries．At Expo 2000，where countries created their own architecture，the average investment was around$13 million．Given these costs，governments are sometimes skeptical about participation as benefits are often assumed not to outweigh the costs．Real effects are difIicult to measure．However,an independent study for the Dutch hall at Expo 2000，which cost around $35 million，generated around$350 million of potential income for the Dutch economy．It also identified several key success factors for world exposition halls in general． 29．What did the first Expo exhibit?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中提到第一届世界博览会展出了工业产品(the first international exhibition of manufactured products)，其中manufactured products的意思是“工业产品”，所以选C。 (2).A. $13 million. B. $30 million.

C. $35 million.D. $13 billion.（分数：7.00） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析]

How much was the average investment for countries to create their own national hall at Expo 2000？

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中提到在2000年世博会上，建设自己的国家展厅平均要投资大约一千三百万美元，所以选 A。 (3).A. $13 million.B. $30 million.

C. $35 million. D. $350 million.（分数：7.00）

A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析]

How much did the Dutch government invest in the Expo 2000?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频中提到在2000年世博会上，荷兰展厅花费了大约三千五百万美元，所以选C。 Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00） (1).A. Money can only influence responses to emotional pain. B. Money can only influence responses to physical pain.

C. Money can hardly influence responses to emotional or physical pain.

D. Money can influence responses to both emotional and physical pain.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] 32-35

Wonder why some wealthy people seem so remote? How about this for an answer? A series of studies published in Psychological Science found that money can influence responses to both emotional and physical pain．The researchers found that handling physical money makes a person less sensitive to physical pain and reduces the distress of being excluded in social situations．In other words，wealth makes you as hard and cold as steel．Or so the study says．However,the ways the studies were carried out were quite odd．

For one of the tests，test subjects were told to count out a stack of 100 dollar bills or slips of blank papea and then immerse their hands in hot water．Those who handled the money reported less pain than those who handled slips ofblank paper．In another, a group of students counted the stack of 100 dollar bills or slips of blank paper,and then played a computer game involving a ball toss with three other players online．Some of the players were excluded from the ball toss during the game．Those who handled the money felt little or no distress at being excluded，while those who handled paper felt lower self-respect．

“Acquired symbolic value of money,perhaps because of associations with power or control，can influence responses to both emotional and physical pain,”writes Harriet de Wit，a professor at the University of Chicago．“Conversely,thoughts of loss in money may enhance physical or psychological pain.”

32．What did a series of studies published in Psychological Science find?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频提到发表在《心理科学》期刊上的一系列研究表叫，金钱能影响人对情感伤痛和身体疼痛的反应，所以选D。

(2).A. Put their hands in cold water. B. Put their hands in hot water.

C. Report their feelings to the researcher. D. Throw the dollar bills away.（分数：7.00） A.

B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

What were the test subjects in one test asked to do after counting out a stack of 100 dollar bills or slips of blank paper?

[解析] [考点] 细节题

音频提到受试者然后把手浸到热水中(then immerse their hands in hot water)，immerse的意思是“浸入、使浸没”，与选项B中的puttheir hands in意思一致，所以选B。 (3).A. How the subjects handled being excluded. B. How much self-respect the subjects had.

C. Whether money had anything to do with the mental responses of the subjects.

D. How the mental responses of the subjects changed in different situations.（分数：7.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析]

What did the researchers want to find out about the test subjects from the test of playing the computer game?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频提到试验中，数过钱的手感觉到不是很疼，而且在打游戏的过程中数过钱的人被淘汰后也不会太难过。其实这些试验都是想证实钱是否影响人的心理反应，与选项C的意思一致，所以选C。 (4).A. The results of the studies were convincing. B. The ways the studies were done were strange. C. The subjects of the studies were not reliable.

D. The researchers of the studies were not objective enough.（分数：7.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析]

Which of the following about the studies is true according to the passage?

[解析] [考点] 推断题

音频提到研究方式是很奇怪的(…the ways the studies were carried out were quite odd)。这里的 odd意思是“奇怪的”，与选项B中的strange意思一致，其他选项的内容在音频中均未提及，所以选B。

六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)

The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects

of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) . The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：77.00）

(1).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：consists） 解析：[解析] 36-46

The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide．It is a network of networks that(36)consists of millions of private，public，business， (37)academic and government networks of local to global(38)scope that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical(光纤的)networking(39)technologies．The Internet carries a vast amount of information(40)resources and services．

Most traditional communications(41)media，such as telephone and television services，are reshaped or(42)redefined using the technologies of the Internet，giving(43)rise to services such as Voice over Internet．Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs．(44)The Internet has enabled the creation of new forms of human interactions through instant messaging and Internet forums．

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks．(45)This Internet research brought worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies．It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s，and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life．(46)As of 2009, an estimated quarter of the earth's population uses the services of the Internet．

(2).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：academic） 解析：

(3).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：scope） 解析：

(4).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：technologies） 解析：

(5).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40)

and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：resources） 解析：

(6).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：media） 解析：

(7).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：redefined） 解析：

(8).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：rise） 解析：

(9).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：The Internet has enabled the creation of new forms of human interactions through instant messaging and Internet forums） 解析：

(10).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：This Internet research brought worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies） 解析：

(11).The Internet is a global system of inter-connected computer networks to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that (36) of millions of private, public, business, (37) and government networks of local to global (38) that are linked by a broad amount of electronic and optical (光纤的) networking (39) . The Internet carries a vast amount of information (40) and services.

Most traditional communications (41) , such as telephone and television services, are reshaped or (42) using the technologies of the Internet, giving (43) to services such as Voice over Internet. Newspaper publishing has been reshaped into websites and blogs. (44) .

The origins of the Internet reach back to the 1960s when the United States funded research projects of its military agencies to build robust and distributed computer networks. (45) . It led to the

commercialization of an international network in the mid 1990s, and resulted in the following popularization of countless applications in virtually every aspect of modern human life. (46) .（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：As of 2009, an estimated quarter of the earth's population uses the services of the Internet） 解析：

七、Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(总题数：0，分数：0.00) 八、Section A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)

Ringtones (手机铃音) are melodic (有旋律的) sounds a cell phone makes when an incoming call or

message arrives. Since cellular phones are significantly more sophisticated than landline phones, ringtones can be (47) to suit the owner's personal taste.

There are (48) two different types of ringtones: monophonic ringtones and polyphonic ringtones. Polyphonic ringtones are more musical than a monophonic ringtone. It is likely that future cellphones will be (49) of producing musical ringtones of CD quality. There are a number of websites that offer ringtones, pictures or even games to (50) . onto your cellphone. The websites vary in that some allow you to (51) specific ringtones while others offer subscriptions (订阅) that allow you to download an unlimited number of ringtones. When you (52) a ringtone, make sure that it will work with your cellular phone model and that the site is respectful of the artists' copyright. Like any original works, artists receive payments for ringtones, so be sure that the website has the (53) to distribute the ringtone.

() , consumers will wish to compose personalized ringtones. Occasionally, cellphones can be programmed with ringtones by entering a series of buttons. Software is also (55) that allows consumers to create their own melodic ringtones. The software runs on a computer, and once the tune is perfected, it can be (56) to the phone via a data cable. A. available B. capable C. download D. frequently E. install F. locate G. modified H) permission I) personalized J) purchase K) submission L) transferred M) transported N) typically O) upload

（分数：90.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：I） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

根据全句，此处说的是移动电话更先进，手机铃声可以怎么样来迎合手机主人的个人口味。依据语义，空格处表示的意思是“手机铃声可以个性化地来迎合个人口味”，所以此处填入personalized(个性化的)。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：N） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说有两种不同的手机铃声。依据语法，此处缺副词作状晤。只有从frequently(经常地、频繁地)和typically(典型地)之间选择。结合语义，所以此处填入typically。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：B） 解析：[解析] [考点] 固定搭配题

此句是说手机未来很有可能能够制造出和CD音质一样的手机铃声。综合选项来看，只有be capable of…表示“能够……、有能力……”，所以此处填入capable。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：C） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说有很多网站提供手机铃声、图片和游戏，可供下载。根据语法，空格处应为一个动词原形。结合语义，download(下载)比较合适，表示将网站上的内容下载到手机里，所以此处填入download。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：J） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说这些网站各有不同，有些允许你购买特定的手机铃声，而有些则提供订阅服务。allow sb．to do

sth．表示“允许某人做某事”，因此空格处填入一个动词原形。结合语义，只有purchase(购买)符合，所以此处填入purchase。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：F） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说你对手机铃声怎么样时，你要确保它适用于你的手机型号。根据语法，空格处缺谓语动词，要考虑其时态。综合上下文来看，文章为一般现在时，此句主语为you，因此选择一个动词原形即可。结合语义，只有locate(定位、找到)符合，所以此处填入locate。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：H） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说像一些原创作品，创作手机铃声的艺术家会收取报酬，因此确保这个网站有什么来发行手机铃声。根据语法，空格处应为一个名词。结合语义，permission(批准、许可)比submission(屈服、提交)更符合语义，所以此处填入permission。

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：D） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说怎么样，消费者希望制作个性化的手机铃声。依据语法，空格处是成分，只有副词才能充当。选项中只剩下副词frequently(经常地、频繁地)，也符合语义，所以此处填入frequentty。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：A） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说也有一些软件可以利用．供消费者自己创作有旋律的手机铃声。根据语法，空格处为形容词作表语。选项中只有available(可利用的)符合语义，所以此处填入available。 填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：L） 解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

此句是说这种创作软件要在电脑上运行，一旦曲子谱好了，就可以通过数据线怎么样到手机上。根据语境，空格处表示的意思是“把谱好的曲子传输到手机上”。依据语法，曲子被传输，因此空格处为过去分词表示被动意义。transferred(转存、传输)比modified(调整、缓和)、transported(运输)更符合语义，所以此处填入transferred。

九、Section B(总题数：2，分数：90.00)

Passage One

College is a time for leaving the comfort and security of home and embarking (开始) on the journey to adulthood. Many universities and colleges require a student to live on campus at least during their freshman year.

Recent studies have shown that students living on campus are more likely to complete their education program. The reason for this is that students living on campus feel more connected to the college and the people. They tend to invest more time in their classroom studies as well as campus life. Living on campus also allows one to meet and interact with a wide variety of people. People from all over the world will attend a quality college and university so you will be exposed to new cultures and learn much from them. As well, you will make long lasting friends and have support during times when you may feel homesick. Living on campus helps ease any anxieties associated with the transition from home to college. Not only does living on campus give you easy and quick access to classes, but you will also be able to interact with people living in your dorm and take part in the social gatherings and parties.

Living on campus will give you the ability to take part in many clubs and organizations. This can include organizations that focus on education, cultural diversity, gender issues,

recreational (娱乐 的) activities, spiritual activities, political clubs, sports activities, and

much more. The convenience of living on campus makes it more likely that you will participate in clubs and other organizations. As well, the convenience allows you to attend other facilities such as night time labs, night time classes, the library, and the fitness center. Most colleges also have various college sports teams that one can try out for. It is also helpful to be near the college health center, dining halls, and student information resources.

Campus life is a unique experience that one should take full advantage of before they actually get out in the work world where they will have their whole lives to be fully independent.

（分数：45.00）

(1).The author compared college life to the ______. A. journey to adulthood B. adventure in the society

C. comfortable and secure home D. discovery of the professional knowledge（分数：9.00） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

文章第一段第一句话就提到大学生活开启了迈向成年的旅程，所以选A。 (2).How long are college students required to live on campus? A. Four years.B. At least four years.

C. At least one year. D. Only one year.（分数：9.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

文章第一段第二句话提到许多学校要求学生至少在大学一年级时在学校住(Many universities and colleges require a student to live on campus at least during their freshman year)，其中during their freshman year意思是“在大学一年级期间”，所以选C。

(3).What is one of the findings of the recent studies on college students? A. Students living on campus feel more connected to the college and the people.

B. Students living on campus are more likely to pursue further studies after graduation. C. Those who live on campus are more likely to complete their education program.

D. Those who live on campus tend to invest more time in their classroom studies.（分数：9.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

文章第二段第一句话提到最新调查表明住校的学生完成学业的可能性更大，所以选C。 (4).Living on campus can benefit those students who feel anxious about ______. A. making the long lasting friends B. the transition from home to college

C. interacting with others from other countries

D. the cultural shock while being exposed to new cultures（分数：9.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

文章第二段倒数第二句话提到住校可以帮助缓解从在家到上大学的转变所产生的焦虑，所以选B。 (5).What can we infer from the third paragraph?

A. College students can try out for the various college sports games. B. There are many organizations at college, which focus on education.

C. Only students living on campus can attend some clubs or organizations.

D. Joining in clubs, organizations or sports teams is one part of college life.（分数：9.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 推断题

文章第三段第一句话提到住校使得学生能够参加许多俱乐部和组织，同时第三句话又提到住校非常方便，学生能更加容易地参加一些俱乐部和其他组织的活动，由此推断，参加一些组织活动是大学生活的一部分，所以选D。 Passage Two

Born without sight, 7-year-old Lucas Murray used to be so afraid of walking that he wouldn't take a step without his parents. He wouldn't walk on a bumpy surface.

But now, Lucas has become more mobile than his parents ever imagined, running with friends, playing basketball and jumping on a trampoline (蹦床)—all on his own.

The incredible change is owed to a technique called echolocation, similar to the method used by dolphins and bats, that allows Lucas to paint a picture of his surroundings using the sound he creates himself.

To \"see\" the world around him, he dicks his tongue and listens to the echo that bounces back. From the sound, he can make out the location, depth and shape of objects around him, allowing him to navigate (导航) even unfamiliar areas.

Though it's estimated that only about 5% to 10% of the blind population now uses a sonar (声呐系 统)-type approach, the Murrays hope it could someday become as common as the cane. Two years ago, Daniel Kish, a blind psychologist who has practiced the technique since childhood and has been teaching it for more than 15 years, traveled to the Murrays' hometown and worked with Lucas for four days, teaching him not just echolocation, but also convincing Lucas and his parents that blindness doesfft need to be a limiting condition.

\"You have to let go, and it's the hardest thing in the world;' said Sarah Murray. When Kish suggested the family let Lucas walk along the shore on his own, she said, \"It was frightening. And Lucas found it frightening too:\"

But after the family overcame the initial fear, Lucas made rapid progress.

He learned how to detect different-sized bowls and cardboard panels by clicking to navigating grocery stores entirely on his own. In addition to clicking, Lucas also uses a white cane to find his way.

\"He likes exploring things, and he likes climbing things\" his mother said. \"He'll go up the elevator. That wouldn't have been believable in a million years:' She said the technique is second nature to him now.

（分数：45.00）

(1).To use the echolocation technique, Lucas has to learn how to ______. A. walk on a bumpy road

B. draw pictures of things around C. make sounds and respond to them

D. copy the sounds of bats or dolphins（分数：9.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

原文第四段提到Lucas为了“看见”周围的世界，他用自己的舌头发出声音，再听回音，以此来辨别周围物体的地点、深度和形状。与选项C的意思完全一致，所以选C。

(2).The unbelievable change that happened to Lucas is due to many factors EXCEPT ______. A. Daniel Kish's help

B. his parents' encouragement

C. sufficient outdoor physical exercises

D. his willingness to make constant efforts（分数：9.00） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 细节题

原文第六段提到Daniel Kish来到Lucas的家乡，教他如何回音定位，还告诉他失明并不是一个条件。Daniel Kish还教他在海边行走，他的家人排除恐惧感之后，Lucas也排除了恐惧感，取得了很大进步。这些与Lucas的父母和他自己的努力部是分不开的。采用排除法，所以选C。 (3).It can be inferred from the passage that ______. A. it is only human nature to imitate the animal behavior

B. by using the echolocation, Lucas' action will no longer be limited

C. Daniel Kish helped Lucas with the sonar-type approach because he is blind too

D. the hardest thing to learn something new is the fear to take the first step（分数：9.00） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 推断题

文章第七段第一句Murray的话指出the hardest thing in the world是let go，也就是“放手、尝试”。另外，从原文第七、八段提到Daniel Kish教Lucas在海边行走时的例子，我们可以得出学习新事物最难的是排除恐惧感，所以选D。

(4).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Lucas' parents never hoped that their son could move around all by himself.

B. The most difficult thing for Lucas' mom was to let her son learn without her company. C. Lucas spent quite a long time to learn how to use the echolocation technique.

D. In the near future, echolocation will be used as a common technique for the blind.（分数：9.00） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

选项A中的表述never hope与原文意思不符。选项C中quite a long time也与原文第六段中four days的意思不符。第五段提到Lucas的父母亲希望这种回音技术将来能和拐杖一样普遍，但没有说肯定会，选项D也被排除。采用排除法，所以选B。

(5).The best title for the passage is ______. A. Seeing with Ears B. My Dolphine Life

C. Walking with Courage D. Blind, No Limitation（分数：9.00） A. B. C.

D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 主旨题

此题目属于主旨类，应从文章整体把握。文章开头指出Lucas由于先天失明而害怕走路。在心理学家、家人和他自己的努力下，并借助回声定位技术，原本不能走路的他现在可以在一定范围内自主行动。综合来看，选项D的内容与文章主题贴合，所以选D。

十、Part Ⅴ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：70.00)

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born (67) . Human brains differ considerably, some being more (68) than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence (69) he has opportunities to learn. So the second (70) is what happens to the individual and the sort of environment (71) he is reared. If an individual is hindered environmentally, it is likely that his brain will (72) to develop.

The importance of (73) in determining an individual's intelligence can be (74) by the case of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. (75) identical, the twins had identical brains (76) birth, and their growth processes were (77) . When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate (78) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an (79) community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of (80) parents who had been to college．He was sent to good schools，and given every opportunity to be stimulated (81) ．

This environmental difference continued (82) the twins were in their (83) teens，when they were given tests to (84) their intelligence．Mark's IQ was 125，which is 25 points higher than the (85) and fully 40 points higher than his (86) brother．

（分数：70.00） (1).A. ofB. for

C. with D. into（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 介词辨析题

结合语义，此句是说决定人智力的首要因素是与生俱来的大脑(智力水平)。born with表示“天赋的、生而享有”，born of表示“出自、出身于”，born for表示“为……而生”，所以选C。 (2).A. capable B. careful

C. cautious D. competitive（分数：3.50） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)capable(有能力的)，B)careful(小心的、仔细的)，C)cautious(小心的、谨慎的)，

D)competitive(竞争的)。结合语义，此旬是说人的大脑有显著的区别，有些大脑明显比别的大脑更聪明更有能力，所以选A。 (3).A. as B. unless

C. though D. for（分数：3.50） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

结合语义，此句是说无论大脑生来有多么聪明，怎么样他有机会学习，否则智力水平也会很低。从句子间的逻辑关系来看，应表示条件，只有unless(除非、如果不)符合，所以选B。 (4).A. fact B. factor

C. faction D. factuality（分数：3.50） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 综合理解题

选项中A)fact(事实)，B)factor(因素、要素)，C)faction(派别、小集团)，D)factuality(真实性)。文章开始就提到决定人智力的两个因素，这里的空格处要介绍第二个因素，结合语义，所以选B。 (5).A. which B. for which

C. in which D. on which（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语法结构题

此句是说决定人智力的第二个因素是他成长的环境。根据语法，空格处需要关系代词引导定语从句修饰前面的名词environment。如果这个先行词在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语，可以采用“介词+关系词”结构。介词取决于先行词与从句中其他成分的关系。在这里表示“在……环境中”，因此用in which结构，所以选C。

(6).A. start B. manage

C. fail D. decline（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)start(开始)，B)manage(管理、经营)，C)fail(失败)，D)decline(拒绝、下降)。此句是说如果一个人受到生长环境阻碍的话，大脑就很有可能不发育。fail to表示“没有、没能”，结合语义，所以选C。

(7).A. motivation B. interest

C. diligence D. environment（分数：3.50） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)motivation(动机、目的)，B)interest(兴趣)，C)diligence(勤奋)，D)environment(环境)。此句是说决定人智力的什么的重要性。结合前文，我们知道应该是环境，所以选D。 (8).A. demonstratedB. determined C. detected D. derived（分数：3.50） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 动词辨析题

选项中A)demonstrated(证明、证实)，B)determined(决定)，C)detected(检查、侦查)，D)derived(获得、提取)。结合语义，此句是说决定人的智力的环境因素的重要性可以通过一对双胞胎的例子得到证实，所以选A。

(9).A. To be B. Having been

C. To have been D. Being（分数：3.50） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 语法结构题

结合语义，此句是说由于是双胞胎，他们出生时有相似的大脑。根据语法，空格处为非谓语动词作状语，表示原因，此处用现在分词形式，不用体现出动作的先后关系，不需要用完成时态，所以选D。 (10).A. at B. in

C. on D. with（分数：3.50） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 固定搭配题

at birth的意思是“出生”。此句是说他们出生时有相似的大脑，所以选A。 (11).A. different B. similar C. the same D. varied（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 词义辨析题

结合上下文，此句是说他们出生后的成长过程也是一样的(the same)，直至三个月大时。same是指“一模一样的”，要与the连用，而similar意思是“很像的”，但不是同一个，所以选C。 (12).A. nursing B. foster

C. nurture D. forging（分数：3.50） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑和词义辨析题

选项中A)nursing是名词，表示“悉心照料”，B)foster是动词或形容词，表示“培养、收养的”，C)nurture既是动词又是名词，表示“养育、培养”，D)forging是名词，表示“制作、努力加强”。结合语义，此句是说当双胞胎三个月大的时候，他们的父母去世了，他们被安置在不同的寄养家庭，寄养家庭用foster home表达，所以选B。

(13).A. influential B. interior

C. incredible D. isolated（分数：3.50） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)influential(有影响力的)，B)interior(内部的)，C)incredible(难以置信的)，D)isolated(偏

远的、孤立的)。这里是说Peter被一对智力不高的夫妇收养，住在一个教育机会匮乏的怎样的地区。只有“偏远的”符合语义，所以选D。 (14).A. well-being B. well-built

C. well-to-do D. well-mannered（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)well-being是名词，表示“健康、安乐”，B)well-built是形容词，表示“身强力壮的、坚固的”，C)well-to-do是形容词，表示“有钱的、富裕的”，D)well-mannered是形容词，表示“举止得当的、有礼貌的”。这里是说Mark被一对受过大学教育的怎样的夫妇收养。结合前文，这对夫妇应该是“经济条件富裕的”，和收养Peter的夫妇的情况形成对比，所以选C。 (15).A. intellectually B. intelligently C. initially D. intelligibly（分数：3.50） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 副词辨析题

选项中A)intellectually(智力地、脑力地)，B)intelligently(有才智地、智能地)，C)initially(最初、起初)，D)intelligibly(易懂地、容易理解地)。结合语义，这里是Mark被送往好学校接受教育，有各种机会激发他的智力，所以选A。 (16).A. as B. until

C. when D. since（分数：3.50） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

结合前文，这里是说这种环境的差异一直延续到这对双胞胎十儿岁时。从句子间的逻辑关系来看，应表示时间，until表示“直到”，所以选B。 (17).A. late B. latter

C. later D. laded（分数：3.50） A. √ B. C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 固定搭配题

in one，s teens表示“十几岁”，in one's early/mid，late teens分别表示“十二三岁”、“十五六岁”和“十岁”，所以选A。 (18).A. manipulate B. calculate C. measure D. evaluate（分数：3.50） A. B. C. √ D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 语义逻辑题

选项中A)manipulate(控制、操纵)，B)calculate(计算)，C)measure(衡量)，D)evaluate(评价、评估)。结合语义，此句是说通过考试来衡量他们俩的智力水平，所以选C。 (19).A. ordinaryB. average C. common D. general（分数：3.50） A. B. √ C. D.

解析：[解析] [考点] 词义辨析题

结合语义，此句是说Mark的智商是125，比平均值高出25。common意为“共同的、普遍的”，common也可作“普通的”阱，这时可以同ordinary换用，“普通人”也可以说成common people；ordinary意为“普通的、平淡无奇的”，指“没有什么特别的地方”；general指“为大家所公用的或普遍的”，从整体上描述事物，不涉及事物的细节或部分；average表示“平均的”，所以选B。 (20).A. same B. like

C. similar D. identical（分数：3.50） A. B. C. D. √

解析：[解析] [考点] 词义辨析题

结合语义，此句是说Mark的智商是125，比他的同胞兄弟高出40。similar意为“相似的、类似的”；identical意思是“同一的、相等的、相同的”，表示每一个细节都一模一样；same也表示“相同的”，常与the连用，所以选D。

十一、Part Ⅵ Translation(总题数：5，分数：35.00)

2.I love her music because ______(它使我想起了多年未见的家人)．

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：it raminds me of my family members I haven't seen for many years）

解析：[解析] [考点] 词组表达和定语从句题

“使某人想起……”用remind sb．of…表示。根据句意，“多年未见的”作定语修饰“家人”，可以采用定语从句的形式。整个句子为一般现在时态，所以此处填入it reminds me of my family members I haven't seen for many years。

3.______(那些希望成为澳大利亚公民的移民)will soon have to take a test examining their knowledge of the country's history and institutions.

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Immigrants hoping to become Australian citizens/Immigrants who hope to become Australian citizens） 解析：[解析] [考点] 分词短语作定语或定语从句题

根据语法，空格处在整个句子中作主语成分，中心词是“移民”，而“希望成为澳大利亚公民的”作定语修饰中心词，因此可以采用分词短语或定语从句的形式。根据句意，“移民”和“希望”是主动关系，可以采用现在分词短语的形式Immigrants hoping to become Australian citizens或者定语从句Immigrants who hope to become Australlan citizens。

4.Everywhere human beings are altering the balance of nature and______(他们所带来的许多变化)have made unpredictable consequences．

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：many(of these)changes(which)they have brought about） 解析：[解析] [考点] 定语从句和词组表达题

根据语法，and连接两个简单句，空格处在后面的句子中作主语成分，中心词是“变化”，而“他们所带来的”作定语修饰中心词，可以采用定语从句。“带来”用词组bring about表示，所以此处填入many(of these)changes(which)they have brought about。

5.The journalist got a promotion because______(他设法获得了一个独家采访总统的机会)．

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：he managed to get an opportunity for an exclusive interview with the President） 解析：[解析] [考点] 词组表达题

“设法”用词组manage to do sth．表示，“独家的”用形容词exclusive表示，所以此处填入he managed to get an opportunity for an exclusive interview with the President。

6.Although she had just joined the association，______(她的待遇与其他成员完全一样)．

（分数：7.00）

填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：she was treated exactly like all the other members） 解析：[解析] [考点] 词组表达题

“以……方式对待”用词组treat sb．/sth．with/as/like…表示，with表示“用……”，as表示“作为……”，like表示“像……一样”，所以此处填入she was treated exactly like all the other members。