六级翻译

参考译文：

Chang'an，now called Xi'an，was the capital city of the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an was nearly eleven times as large as today's Xi'an，and was a metropolis with an international reputation. The streets and residences of Chang'an were designed like a chessboard, with neat and well-proportioned layout of the east and west.Lots of streets and avenues inside the city were over 100 meters wide.Chang'an was also the cultural center of China at that time，with rich and colorful entertainment activities such as music，dancing,cock fighting，etc.Many students from Japan and Korea came to study in Chang'an，and merchants from Central Asia went along the Silk Road to gather there.Among the population of about one million in Chang'an，there were more than 10,000 foreign households.

中国是发展中国家中的大国，其工业化正在快速发展，环境问题也变得日益严峻，因此环境保护被国家视为一项基本国策。近年来，国家采取了很多措施来加强环境治理，如建立了世界著名的生态工程“三北防护林工程\"(the Three-North Shelter Forest Program)。此外，中国也在大力发展自然保护区，颁布了《环境保》(The law on Environmental

Protection),加强环保意识和环保教育。目前，环境治理已取得明显成效，大部分城市环境和农业生态环境得到了很大改善，工业污染防治能力也大大提高。

参考译文：

China is a major developing country undergoing rapid industrialization. The environmental problem in China is getting more and more serious, thus

environmental protection has been taken as one of the basic national policies by the government. In recent years, the government has taken lots of measures to improve the environment governance, such as carrying out the world famous ecological project“the Three-North Shelter Forest Program”.Moreover, China has been greatly developing the natural reserves.“The Law on Environmental Protection”has been issued to strengthen the awareness and education of environmental protection. Now, distinct achievements have been gained in environmental governance.The environment in most cities and the agricultural ecological environment around the country have been greatly improved.The capability of preventing and controlling industrial pollution has been highly enhanced.

医生该如何学习诚实对待他们的病人呢？进行更多关于如何与病人沟通其健康状况的培训是极其重要的——尤其是在告知（deliver）坏消息时。如果检查结果对病人的健康没有影响的话，医生们可能不会把略有异常的实验室检查结果告诉给焦虑的病人。相反地，医生也许会夸大（exaggerate ）正常的结果，希望能刺激病人更好地照顾自己。而病人们也需要清楚并确定他们所期望的医生的诚实度。毕竟，即便在医生的办公室里，交流也是双向的。

参考译文：

How can doctors learn to be honest with their patients? More training about how to communicate with patients about their health is critical—especially when it comes to delivering bad news. Doctors may not tell the anxious patients the slightly abnormal results of a lab test, if it has no impact on the patient’s health.Conversely, they might exaggerate a normal result in hopes of motivating a patient to take better care of himself. Patients also need to be clear and certain about how honest they want their doctors to be. Communication is a two-way street, after all, even in the doctor’s office.

信用卡(credit card)是由银行发行的卡，持卡人可以凭卡赊购(buy on credit) 商品和服务。使用信用卡最大的好处就是能给持卡人带来极大的方便。人们可以 使用信用卡赊购他们需要的东西，并在一段时期内付淸欠款,而不必随身携带大量的现金。但如此的便利也带来了一些问题，如恶意透支(malicious overdraft)。还会剌激使用者超前消费，容易产生月光族。在消费的时候，使用信用卡会促使消费者更加冲动地购物，甚至购买一些平时不怎么用的商品。

参考译文：

A credit card is a card issued by a bank,allowing its holder to buy goods and services on credit.The most obvious advantage of credit card is the huge convenience it brings to card holders.People can use the cards to buy what they want on credit and pay off the debt over a period of time instead of carrying a large sum of cash with them.But such convenience also brings such problems as

malicious overdraft and overconsumption which will easily reduce the card users to“moonlight group”.When shopping,consumers with credit cards will buy goods more impetuously.They will even buy something that is not often used in daily life.

中国的电影市场一直在髙速发展，但是国产的动画业(animation industry)却不尽如人意。去年有33部动画电影发行，但没有一部票房(box office)喜人。原因有以下几点:一是投入少。一部好莱坞动画电影在放映和电影特技上的花费要超过其一半的预算。但在中国，这些通常只占10%。二是故事情节单一。目前中国很难有超过1亿票房的动画电影。内部人士称电影情节无趣是票房过低的罪魁祸首。此外，薪酬较低，要找一个好编剧(scriptwriter)也很困难。

参考译文：

China's film market has been developing at a high speed, but China's animation industry is not to our satisfaction. Last year, 33 animation films were released, none of which did well at the box office. The reasons are as follows: firstly, the low investment. A Hollywood animation film spends more than half of its budget on screening and special effects, which, however, in China, usually accounts for only 10%. Secondly, the tedious plot. Currently, few animation films in China can achieve more than 0.1 billion yuan at the box office. According to the insiders, boring plot is the main reason for low box office. Besides, its hard to find a good scriptwriter with low payment.

故宫，又名紫禁城，为明清共二十四位皇帝统治中国近500年的皇宫。它位于北京市中心，在天安门广场的北侧，形状为长方形。南北长960米，东西宽750米，占地72公顷，总

建筑面积达15万平方米。故宫是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木构宫殿。它分为外朝和内廷两部分，外朝是皇帝上朝处理国家大事的地方，内廷是皇帝和皇室的居住地。1987年，故宫被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产。

翻译词汇：

故宫 the Imperial Palace

紫禁城 the Forbidden City

天安门广场 Tian’anmen Square

长方形 rectangular

建筑面积 floor space

现存 in existence

上朝 give audience

处理 handle

世界文化遗产 World Cultural Heritage

参考译文：

The Imperial Palace, also called the Forbidden City was the palace where the 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for roughly 500 years. The Imperial Palace is located in the center of Beijing, on the northern side of Tian’

anmen Square, rectangular in shape, 960 meters from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, with an area of 72 hectares and a total floor space of 150 000 square meters. It’s the world’s largest and most integral palace made of wood in existence. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court was the place where the emperors gave audience and handled state affairs, while the inner court was the living quarters for the emperors and their families. In 1987 the Imperial Palace was listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites.

< 题目一：经济发展>

自从1978年启动改革以来，中国已从计划经济转为以市场为基础的经济，经历了经济和社会的快速发展。平均10%的GDP增长已使五亿多人脱贫。联合国的“千年（millennium）发展目标”在中国均已达到或即将达到。目前，中国的第十二个五年规划强调发展服务业和解决环境及社会不平衡的问题。已设定目标减少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和医保的机会，并扩大社会保障。中国现在7%的经济年增长目标表明是在重视生活质量而不是增长速度。 <参考译文>

Since the reform was launched in 1978, China has transformed from the planned economy into a market-based economy, experiencing rapid economic and social development. On the average, 10% of the GDP growth has made more than five hundred million people out of poverty. The “millennium development goal ”of the United Nations has been

realized or are about to be reached in China. At present, the 12th five-year plan in China emphasizes the development of service industry and solve the problem of environmental and social imbalance. The government has set up a goal to reduce pollution, increasing energy efficiency，improving the chance of education and health care, and enlarging the social security. 7% of annual economic growth target in China shows that the government attaches great importance to the quality of life rather than the growth rate. < 题目二：文学艺术>

反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然的感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。 <参考译文>

The ideal of country life reflected by the art and literature is the important feature of Chinese culture, which is, to a large degree, attributed to the feelings to the nature from Taoist. There are two most popular topics in the traditional Chinese painting. One is the various scenes of happiness about family life, in which the old man often plays

chess and drinks tea, with the man in the harvest, woman in weaving, children playing out of doors. The other scene is all kinds of pleasures about country life, in which the fisherman is fishing on the lake, with the farmer cutting wood and gathering herbs in the mountains and the scholar chanting poetry and painting pictures sitting under the pine trees. The two themes can represent the life ideal of Confucianism and Taoism.

< 题目三：教育>

中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都需获得大学文凭。

在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数：除了关注高等教育外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。

教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。 <参考译文>

China will strive to ensure that employees should received an average of 13.3 years of education by 2015. If this goal can be achieved, the majority of people who enter the labor market will be required to obtain a college degree in the future.

Over the next few years, China will focus on increasing college enrollment: apart from attaching importance to the higher education system, China will also seek new breakthroughs to pursue a fairer educational system. China is making efforts to optimize the use of educational resources so that rural and less developed areas will receive more support.

The Ministry of Education also decides to improve student nutrition in underdeveloped regions, and to offer equal education opportunities for children of migrant workers in the city.

中文热词通常反映社会变化和文化，有些在外国媒体上愈来愈流行。例如，土豪和大妈都是老词，但已获取了新的意义。

土豪以前指欺压佃户和仆人的乡村地主，现在用于指花钱如流水或喜欢炫耀财富的人， 也就是说，土豪有钱，但是没有品位。大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。

土豪和大妈可能会被收入新版的牛津（OXford）英语词典，至今约有120中文加进了牛津英语词典，成了英语语言的一部分。

The Chinese heated words usually reflect social changes and culture, some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media. Tuhao and dama, for example, are both old words, but they get different meanings now.

The word tuhao used to mean rural landlords who oppress their tenants and servants, while now it refers to people spending money without limits or those showing off all around. That is to say, tuhao owns money rather than taste. The word dama is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it is regarded as a special word to call those Chinese women who rushed to purchase gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago.

Tuhao and dama may be included in the new Oxford dictionary. Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, becoming a part of English language.

最近中国科学院（Chinese Academy of Science ）出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展望的年度系列报告。系列报告包括三部分：科学发展报告，高技术发展报告，中国可持续战略报告。第一份报告包含中国科学家的最新发现，诸如新粒子研究与H7N9病毒研究的突破。该报告还突出强调了未来几年需要关注的问题。第二份报告公布了一些应用科学研究的热门领域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份报告呼吁加强顶层设计，以消除工业升级中的结构性障碍，并促进节能减排。

Chinese Academy of Science recently published an annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year. The report consists of three parts: science development, more advanced technology development and the sustainable strategy of China. The first one includes the latest findings of Chinese scientists, such as the research of new particle and the breakthrough in the study of H7N9 virus. Furthermore, it highlights some problems we need to focus in next few years. The second one announces some heated fields in applied science. For

example, the 3－dimension print and the study of human organs. The third one suggests people enhance the top design in order to get rid of the structural obstacles in industrial upgrading and to promote the energy-saving and emission-reduction.