全国自考(现代英语语法)模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)

全国自考（现代英语语法）模拟试卷8 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. I 2. Ⅱ 3. Ⅲ 4. Ⅳ 5. V 6. Ⅵ

Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.

1． The Canterbury Tales_______written by Chaucer. ( ) A．has been B．were C．was

D．had been

正确答案：C 解析：译文：《坎特伯雷故事集》是乔叟所著。著作名作主语时，谓语要用单数。而且此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，只是强调过去，用一般过去时即可。A表示过去发生的动作持续到现在或对现在造成影响；D表示过去某一时间发生的动作一直持续到过去另一时间或对过去另一时间造成的影响，A和D表达的

含义不符合本题语境。答案为C。

2． Mr. and Mrs. Smith are so excited today, for they bought _______ yesterday. ( )

A．many furnitures B．so much furniture

C．many piece of furnitures D．a lot of furniture

正确答案：D

解析：译文：今天史密斯先生和史密斯太太非常兴奋，因为他们昨天买了许多家具。furniture意为“家具”，是不可数名词，A和C错；B项中so+形容词，一般和that分句连用，D为“许多家具”。a lot of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，意为“许多”。答案为D。

3． She is going to have_______X-rays examination this morning. ( ) A．a B．an C．the D．some

正确答案：B

解析：音标以辅音音素开头的词前用a，音标以元音音素开头的词前用an，

本句中X光读音为元音开头，因此用an来修饰。答案为B。

4． He has been to London, and he_______there last year. ( ) A．has been B．has gone C．went D．had been

正确答案：C

解析：译文：他去过伦敦，去年去的。根据时间状语：last year知本空要用一般过去时，A和B为现在完成体，D为过去完成体，均与题干中的时间状语

不符。答案为C。

5． When I was in England, I went to visit the university where I_______. ( ) A．had studied B．studied

C．have studied D．was studying.

正确答案：A

解析：study(学习)的动作应发生在went to visit(去参观)之前，因此where分

句应为过去完成体。答案为A。

6． Mr. Johnson told us that he _______ to work in the headquarters of the corporation later this month. ( )

A．will be transferred B．would be transferred C．will transfer D．was transferred

正确答案：B

解析：句尾later this month表示时间为将来，主句的谓语told显示出时态为过去时。综合来看本题应选用过去将来时。同时he和谓语transfer之间为动宾关

系，因此还需用被动态。答案为B。

7． I_______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. ( )

A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．needn’t

正确答案：B

解析：当can表示对过去的推测时，应用其过去体could。本句意为：那件

事故发生时，我不可能已经六岁了。答案为B。

8． I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______it out for her. ( ) A．had to write

B．must have written C．should have written D．ought to write

正确答案：C 解析：must have done用于肯定句，表示推测，意为“一定(已经)做了”。Should have done可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，表示责备或遗憾等，意为“本来应该做”。句意为：我告诉Sally如何到这儿，但是或许我本应该给Sally画出路线。

答案为C。

9． They guarantee _______ free repair service within the first two years after you buy the car. ( )

A．to offer B．offered C．offering D．offers

正确答案：A

解析：guarantee to do sth．的意思是“保证做某事”，为固定搭配。本句意为：

他们保证给你的新车提供两年的免费维修服务。答案为A。

10． The joke told by Tom made us ______, so our math teacher couldn’t make himself_______. ( )

A．laugh,hearing B．laugh,heard C．laughing,hear

D．laughed,to be heard

正确答案：B

解析：前一个made是一个使役动词，后接不带to的不定式作宾补。第二个空是make+宾语+过去分词(使……被……)的用法，此处逻辑主语。math teacher和heard构成被动关系，意为“使(别人)听到自己的话”。答案为B。

11． I like playing video games_______ to the music. ( ) A．more than to listen B．more than listening C．than listening

D．rather than to listen

正确答案：B

解析：译文：我喜欢玩视频游戏，胜于喜欢听音乐。like…more than…意为喜欢前者胜于喜欢后者；like后的动词为一ing分词形式，因此than后面的动词

也要用一ing分词形式；与前面形成平行结构。答案为B。

12． _______the weather, the athletic meeting will be held on time. ( ) A．In contrast with B．In relation to C．On behalf of D．Regardless of

正确答案：D 解析：regardless of意为“不顾，不管”，符合题意。in contrast with意为“与……形成对比”；in．relation to意为“关于，与……相比”；on behalf of意为“代表，为了……的利益，，。答案为D。

13． Michael has remarkable talent _______ basketball.( ) A．in B．for C．on D．with

正确答案：B

解析：have the talent in／for意为在某方面有才华，in后面通常接比较大的

领域，for后面跟具体的方面。根据本题语境，B项较符合。答案为B。

14． A person of integrity must be kind, public-spirited, and, ______,honest. ( )

A．namely B．all in all C．above all D．for example

正确答案：C

解析：副词namely意为“即、就是”，其前后指的是同一人或物。all in all意为总之、从各方面来说，其后常为总结性的内容。for example常表示列举，一般意为比如、例如。above all为增补一连接性状语，意为尤其、最重要的，表示所有因素中最应重视或最重要的一个。本句中已经列举了两项品质kind和public

—spirited，因此后面应是强调honest，所以选择above all最合适。答案为C。

15． The donor hoped that the little _______ he had done would help the people in the flooded area. ( )

A．which B．that C．what D．where

正确答案：B 解析：译文：这位捐助者希望自己所做的一点事情能够帮助到洪灾中的人们。关系分句中当先行项是all，everything，something，little，few，以及被形容词最

高级等词修饰时，应该用关系代词that，不用which。答案为B。

16． The wounded_______for treatment,but the rest are sent immediately to holding centers. ( )

A．taken B．are taken C．are taking D．is taking

正确答案：B

解析：此题考查主谓一致。the+形容词表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。此外“伤者接受治疗”中“伤者”是动作的承受者，故用被动态。答案为B。

17． Three-fourths of the surface of the earth_______sea. ( ) A．was B．are C．were D．is

正确答案：D

解析：译文：地球表面的四分之三被海洋覆盖。英语中分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式主要看其后接的名词，如果是可数名词单数，则谓语动词用单数；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数；如果是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数。由the surface可知此题应用谓语的单数形式。而且此处叙述的是客观事

实，要用一般现在时。答案为D。

18． Make up your mind,_______you’ll miss the chance. ( ) A．and B．or C．but D．while

正确答案：B

解析：译文：下定决心吧，否则你会错过这个机会。and连接两个句子，表顺接；or用于陈述句中意为“否则”．but表转折；while作并列连接词时意为“然而”，表转折。根据题意or最符合。答案为B。

19． Most of them are kind, but _______ is so good to me as Bruce. ( ) A．none B．no one

C．everyone D．some one

正确答案：A

解析：第一个分句意为“他们中的多数人都很友好”，连词but表转折，由此推测，后面应表述相反的意思，显然everyone或some one填入后不能表达出该意思；否定词no one后不能接of结构；否定词none可单独作主语。答案为A。

20． No sooner _______ asleep than she heard a knock at the door. ( ) A．she had fallen B．had she fallen C．she had fell D．had she fell

正确答案：B

解析：No sooner…than…意为“一……就……”，是一个固定用法，引导时问状语从句，主句用过去完成时，than后面的从句用一般过去时；具有否定意义

的no sooner放句首时，主句要倒装，即助动词提到主语前面。答案为B。

Fill in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with one of the items given.

21． every,some,many,a,the,all _______ cloud has_______silver lining.

正确答案：Every，a

解析：译文：黑暗之中总有一丝光明。every意为“每一个”，后接可数名词单数；some意为“一些”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词；many意为“许多”，其后接可数名词复数；a表示泛指，the表示特指；本题是泛指。答案为：Every，a。

22． a,a,the,the,some,such_______ beautiful is not always the same as ______good.

正确答案：The，the

解析：the+形容词可以表示一类人或一种品质。答案为The，the。 23． is becoming ,became,has become,aged,ages,ageOver the last fifteen years,

running_______ a popular pastime for 30 million participants of all ______.

正确答案：has become，ages

解析：第一空由标志词over the last fifteen years可知应用现在完成体；第二

空表示“在所有的年龄段”用固定搭配of all ages。答案为has become，ages。

24． vuas,vuere,be,being,will never be ,has never to be Though he_______

reduced to poverty, he ______ dishonest.

正确答案：be，will never be

解析：在正式英语中，在条件、让步的状语分句中，经常使用be型虚拟式，尤其在if，though(although，even though)，whatever，whether，lest等引导的分句中。本题中Though引导的分句即属于此种情况。本句为条件句，说明的是未

发生的情况，因此主句应用一般将来时。答案为be，will never be。

25． thinks,thought,was thought,work,works,working This painting_______ of

as one of the best _______ of the famous painter.

正确答案：was thought，works

解析：译文：这幅画被认为是这位著名画家的最好的作品之一。第一空this painting和think构成被动关系，故用被动态；第二空work作名词有两种意思，一是不可数名词“工作”，二是可数名词“作品”，且one of后面应接名词的复数。

答案为was thought，works。

26． makes,made,was made,of,after,forIt started raining,so she_______ _______the nearest shelter.

正确答案：made，for 解析：make for意为“走向，冲向”；前面主句用了started，所以从句要用过去时态。本句意为：下雨了，她冲进了最近的地方去避雨。答案为made，for。

27． is,are,was, where,which, whoseSince a staple of immigrant communities in big cities_______long, restaurants_______diners chop, grill, boil or dip their food are hot in the American heartland.

正确答案：is，where

解析：第一空中，短语a staple of immigrant communities…的中心词是名词staple，故谓语动词也用单数，即is；第二空考查关系分句。先行项是表示地点的restaurants，分句diners(厨师)chop，grill，boil or dip their food…不缺少句子主

要成分，故用关系副词where。答案为is，where。

28． is,are,was, have,has,hadThe beautiful_______something that the

innocent_______not always able to appreciate fully.

正确答案：is，are

解析：the+形容词作主语，谓语动词的单复数要根据形容词所表达的概念，指一类人时用复数，指某个人或抽象品质时用单数。此处由表语something可知第一空谓语动词应用单数。第二空the innocent指代“头脑简单的人”，故用谓语

动词的复数形式。答案为is，are。

29． both,either,neither,and,or,norNew Hampshire is the only state that does not

have _______ a general sales tax_______an income tax.

正确答案：either，or

解析：both…and…意为“两者都……”，用于肯定句中；neither…nor…意为“两者都不……”；either…or…意为“或者……或者……”，either也可用于否定句末尾表示“也”。根据题意可知，第一个空选either，第二个空选or。答案为

either，or。

30． which,what,that,is,are,was_______I need for the spring cleaning _______ a

pair of rubber gloves, some detergent and several plastic bags to hold the garbage.

正确答案：What，are

解析：译文：用喷头清洁时，我需要的工具就是一副手套、一些洗涤剂，以及盛垃圾的几个塑料桶。根据句意，第一个空需要的是引导主语分句的连接词what，表示“我所需要的……”。另外主句的表语是复数形式时，则要求用谓语

的复数形式。答案为What，are。

Fill in the blanks on the ANSWER SHEET with an item as required.

31． With a determiner:Not all these books are second-hand; _______of them are new.

正确答案：some

解析：一般来说some用于肯定句，其后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，意为“一些”，由not all(并非所有的……)可推知答案。答案为some．

32． With a determiner:—Which(of the two buses) shall I take to the airport? —You can take_______one.

正确答案：either

解析：句意：这两辆公交车中，我应该乘哪个去机场?——哪个都行。表示“两者中任意一个”，用either。答案为either。

33． With a determiner:—Have you seen Tom and Mary? —I have not seen_______of them.

正确答案：either

解析：neither，either，both仅用于表述两者的情况，而any和all用于表述多者的情况；I have not seen either of them—I have seen neither of them。答案为

either。

34． With a determiner:When you were in London,did you visit_______Tower,too?

正确答案：the

解析：表示特指时，用定冠词the。答案为the。 35． With a modal verb:Andy’s flight from Montreal took more than 18 hours.

He_______ be exhausted after such a long flight.

正确答案：must

解析：must表示肯定的推测。句意为：坐了这么长时间的飞机后，他肯定

很累了。答案为must。

36． With a modal verb:If you want to get a better feeling for how the city is laid

out, you _______walk downtown and explore the waterfront.

正确答案：can

解析：can可表示“许可，允许；能力”。句意为：如果你想更好地感受这

个城市的布局，你可以在市区走走，并探索下滨水区。答案为can。

37． With an appropriate disjunct:_______,she could not deal with these problems.

正确答案：Obviously

解析：Obviously意为“显然，明显地”，旨在说明一个事实很容易看出来，

用于摆明事实。所填单词位于句首要大写。答案为Obviously。

38． With an appropriate disjunct:_______, they managed to escape being fined.

正确答案：Luckily

解析：句意：幸运的是，他们成功地逃脱了罚款。Luckily是副词，意为“幸运的是……”，通常放于句首。答案为Luckily。

39． With an appropriate conjunct:When used with care, transition words can

enhance writing. _______ ,too many of them will soon weary your readers.

正确答案：However

解析：表示转折意义且能单独使用的连词可用however。答案为However。 40． With an appropriate conjunct:It rained heavily last night, _______all the flowers are gone.

正确答案：so

解析：引导结果状语的从属连接词可用so。答案为so。 41． With an appropriate relative pronoun or relative adverb: Do you know the

reason_______ she has changed her mind?

正确答案：why

解析：本句是why引导的关系分句，整个从句修饰先行项the reason，起补

充说明作用。答案为why。

42． With an appropriate relative pronoun or relative pronoun:The

woman______ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

正确答案：who／that

解析：句中关系分句的先行项The woman为人，在关系分句中作主语，关

系代词应用who或that。答案为who／that。

43． With a proper link verb:All_______ satisfied with the hotel accommodations.

正确答案：are

解析：本句中的all指所有人，强调一个个的个体，所以谓语动词应用复数

形式。答案为are。

44． With a proper link verb:What I think_______none of your business.

正确答案：is

解析：What I think作为一个整体充当本句的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形

式。答案为is。

45． With an appropriate coordinator or subordinator: _______the worker

stopped for lunch, people were allowed to enter the building.

正确答案：When

解析：when引导时间状语从句时，从句用于表示主句动作发生的特定时间。

答案为When。

46． With an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:Mr. Clinton was a high

school teacher for many years,_______ now he is teaching at the university.

正确答案：and

解析：由and连接的前后两个句子表示并列。答案为and。 47． With a assertive, non-assertive or negative word:I am trying to persuade

him to come but I am getting_______.

正确答案：nowhere

解析：get nowhere意为“行不通，无进展”。答案为nowhere。 48． With a assertive, non-assertive or negative word:Satellite technology offers

the opportunity, as _______ before, for continuous television coverage of major international events.

正确答案：never

解析：as never before意为“前所未有地，空前地”。答案为never。 49． With a question tag:The man smoking a pipe is the director,_______?

正确答案：isn’t he

解析：主语是the man，谓语是is，故附加疑问句是isn’t he。答案为isn’

t he。

50． With a question tag:There have been a lot of changes in the town since I was there,_______?

正确答案：haven’t there

解析：陈述句是There be句型，附加疑问旬用haven’t there。答案为haven’

t there。

Rewrite the following sentences as required.

51． Using plural invariables:Which is the greater curse in that area, the fly or the louse?

正确答案：Which are the greater curses in those areas，the flies or the lice? 解析：译文：这一地区哪种生物的危害较大，是苍蝇还是虱子?题干中的curse和area属规则变化，其复数都是直接在后加一s；is的复数是are；that的复数是

those；fly的复数是flies；louse的复数是lice。

52． Using passive voice:Didn’t they tell you to be here by eight o’clock?

正确答案：weren’t you told to be here by eight o’clock?

解析：本题要求将句子改写为被动态。本句的谓语动词tell的宾语为you，因此改为被动态时，you会成为主语。本句为否定句，所以被动态也应是否定形式，应将系动词were的否定形式weren’t提前。动作的发出者they可以省略。

53． Using subjunctive mood:They didn’t pack the goods properly, so they got damaged.

正确答案：If they had packed the goods properly，they wouldn’t have got damaged．

解析：译文：他们没有妥善地包装这些物品，所以这些物品被弄坏了。根据题干中的didn’t可知本题可改写为对过去的虚拟，可用if条件句。主句要用情

态动词+have done，从属分句用had done。

． Using a proper modal auxiliary: Perhaps he was working for Simons.

正确答案：He may have been working for Simon． 解析：perhaps表示“可能”，可以选用情态助动词may代替。另外时态上可以使用现在完成进行体，表示一种从过去开始一直持续到现在的状态，比较符合

句意。

55． Using a non-finite verb form:She stood up so that she could be seen better.

正确答案：she stood up in order to be seen better．

解析：要求用非限定动词改写句子。此处可以将so that引导的状语分句改

为in order to do的形式。

56． Using a preposition:The way of her keeping health is to jog every day.

正确答案：she keeps her health by jogging every day． 解析：译文：她保持健康的方法就是每天慢跑。by意为“通过……”，表方

式、方法。介词后应用动词一ing形式，动词jog的一ing形式为jogging。

57． Using an adjunct:His mother waited up. He came home.

正确答案：His mother waited up until he came home.

解析：从句意和使用的持续性动词来看，可以选用连词until来连接两个句子。

58． Using a conjunct:He says he wants to marry Nancy. He shouldn’t be quarrelling with her all the time.

正确答案：He says he wants to marry Nancy．In that case，he shouldn’t be quarrelling with her all the time．

解析：译文：他说他想和南希结婚。他不该和她一直吵架。推理一连接性状语表示根据前面所陈述的内容进行逻辑推理。所用词汇有else，otherwise，then，

in other words，in that case等。根据本题两句的句意，选用in that case最符合。

59． Using a relative clause:Heavy storms occurred in the area this summer. It caused serious damage to the crops.

正确答案：Heavy storms occurred in the area this summer，which caused serious damage．

解析：译文：今年夏天，大风暴袭击了这个地区，这严重地损害了庄稼。后

句中“这”指代“风暴袭击”这个事件，可用非限定性关系分句。

60． Using coordination:They drove to the village. The barn dance was to take

place.

正确答案：They drove to the village because the barn dance was to take place． 解析：译文：他们开车去了乡下。谷仓舞将要演出。两句合并意为：因为谷仓舞将要演出，所以他们开车去了乡下。两分句为因果关系，可用从属连接词

because连接句子。

61． Using a WH-question: I prefer the green one.

正确答案：which one do you prefer?

解析：译文：我更喜欢这个绿色的。本题可对我喜欢哪一个进行提问，可用特殊疑问词which。且which作定语，其后要接one。主语为第一人称I，变特殊

疑问句时要用第二人称you。

62． Adding a suitable tag:Don’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams.

正确答案：D0n’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams，will you? 解析：译文：不要让孩子吃很多糖和冰激凌。肯定和否定祈使句的附加疑问

句常用will you来提问。

63． Using extraposition:That we need some more equipment is quite obvious.

正确答案：It is quite obvious that we need some more equipment． 解析：译文：很明显我们需要更多的设备。题干中的that we need some more equipment作句子主语，为了避免头重脚轻可将真正的主语移至句末，用it作句

子的形式主语。

． Using discontinuity: Nobody except Jane was late.

正确答案：Nobody was late except Jane．

解析：译文：除了简之外，没人迟到。题干中的强调部分是except Jane，可

将其移至句末中心位置。

65． Using fronting:The competition became keener and keener.

正确答案：Keener and keener the competition became．

解析：译文：竞争变得越来越激烈。句子的表语keener and keener可以作为

突出强调部分移至句首。

Answer the following question.

66． What do modal auxiliaries in the predictive use generally express?

正确答案：In the predictive use, modal auxiliaries are generally concerned with the speaker’s subjective assumption or assessment of probability, rather homogeneous in nature, and in most cases, indicates the speaker’s confidence (or lack of confidence)

in the truth of his statement.

Define the following terms with examples.

67． free morpheme

正确答案：A morpheme that can occur in isolation is termed a “free morpheme”. A free morpheme can be a simple word (boy, girl, do, go, etc. )or the root of a

derivative(un — mention — able — s, im — plite, self — ish, etc. )

68． non-finite verb

正确答案：Non-finite verbs are verbs which are not marked for tense or for subject-verb concord, that is, the forms of a non-finite verb have no tense or person.

There are three types of non-finite verbs; infinitive, -ing participle and -ed participle.