及参考答案
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
HubeiProvincehas long been a favorite Chinese tourist destination because of its natural scenery, historic cities, and beautiful mountains. Here are some of the best places to visit inHubeiProvince.
YellowCraneTower
YellowCraneToweris known as one of the Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River, together withYueyangTowerinHunanand Tengwang Pavilion inJiangxi. The history ofYellowCraneTowerdates back to the Three Kingdoms period (220-280) in Chinese history. The tower was used as a watchtower by the King of Wu's army in the beginning.
Enshi Grand Canyon
Enshi Grand Canyon can beChina's answer to the Grand Canyon inArizona, theUnited Statesin beauty. The canyon runs 108 kilometers and occupies a land area of 3,000 square kilometers. The region where Enshi Grand Canyon is located used to be a vast sea with many limestone deposits 230 million years ago.
Shennongjia Scenic Area
It is famous for its varied plant species as well as mountains. Regarded as the “Lungs of Central China\forest coverage reaches over 90 percent of the area. Due to the special climate, it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. Sometimes clouds stretch around mountains, rewarding tourists with unforgettable views. Besides, the area is home to some rare animals such as golden monkeys, white bears and antelope.
The Three-Gorge Tribe scenic spot
Located in the area of the Xiling Gorge in the city ofYichang, it has the beauty of landscape paintings. The spot is a “ProtectedCenterof the Popular Culture and Art of the Three Gorges”. Since ancient times, a lot of famous scholars have produced a great number of excellent poems praising the beauty of this place, some of which are carved on the stones along theYangtze River. 1. What is special aboutYellowCraneTower? A. It has a long history. B. It offers a scenic view.
C. It once served war's purposes. D. It is the best-known tower inChina
2. Why is the Grand Canyon inArizonamentioned ? A. To explain its popularity inChina. B. To help readers know more about it. C. To prove the beauty of the Chinese canyon. D. To show differences between the two canyons.
3. Which place will a Chinese literature lover probably visit? A. Enshi Grand Canyon. B.YellowCraneTower. C. Shennongjia Scenic Area. D. TheThree-Gorge Tribe scenic spot.
B
Thermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, like a free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.
“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”
Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.
Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.
Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na, creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an “n-type” version to conduct negative charges.
Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear
path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat. 4. The first paragraph wants to tell us________. A. The wide use of thermoelectric generators B. The devices of current thermoelectric generators C. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics
D. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection 5. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Worried. 6. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5? A. It was far from a success for practical applications. B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with. C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devices
D. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges 7. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Recycle. B. Produce. C. Clean. D. Increase.
C
Have you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.
But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.
Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.
Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic.
“We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.
In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.
“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.
Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior. 8. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?
A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits. B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study. C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview. D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class. 9. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study? A. Sharing food. B. Making a choice. C. Comforting others. D. Showing sympathy. 10. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones? A. It was based on controlled lab experiment. B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.
C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding. D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners. 11. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes? A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others. B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors. C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab. D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.
D
Understanding the link between a clean environment and human life is not a new concept. In fact, it was
noticed as early as ancient Rome. Today we see how green living has infiluenced our everyday lives. There is a growing community of people who embrace a zero waste lifestyle and make changes to the way they live to reduce their carbon footprint.
Living a zero waste lifestyle means doing one’s best to achieve the aim of not sending anything to a landfill. People who adopt this lifestyle ultimately cut down on their waste by reducing what they need and want. They reuse what they own, sending few things to be recycled.
Many people who adopt the zero waste lifestyle claim to be frustrated by the many harmful chemical substances found in beauty and cleaning products. They also find the uses of disposable items and excessive packaging. For example, how many times have we had to peel away layers of plastic wrap and cardboard before finally taking out the item which we had bought? Instead of buying pre-packed food and goods, those who identify with the zero waste philosophy tend to shop in stores that allow them to make purchases and bring their own cloth bags and glass jars to store their purchases.
Many people may have the misconception that it is easier to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. Nevertheless, Malaysian environmental journalist, Ms. Aurora Tin, has proven that a zero waste lifestyle is possible even in the Asian context. Instead of going to the supermarket to buy pre-packaged foods, Ms. Tin now visits the wet market and brings her own bags for vegetables. She has even stopped using store-bought toothpaste and makes her own toothpaste from coconut oil and baking soda. This lifestyle may be too big a change for the average person, but we could follow her suit to make gradual changes to our own lives. 12. Which of the following is a zero waste lifestyle?
A. Bringing a resuable container to take away food. B. Choosing appliances that cost less money. C. Turning off a device to stop using power. D. Classifying the garbage before throwing it away. 13. What may disappoint a person who adopts a zero waste lifestyle? A. Recycable carboard. B. Excessive packaging.
C. Glass jars to store purchases. D. Natural substances in cleaning products. 14. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. How do people live a zero waste lifestyle. B. Why Ms. Tin chooses to live a zero waste lifestyle.. C. We can also practice a zero waste lifestyle in Asia. D. It is easy to live a zero waste lifestyle in the West. 15. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Living a zero waste lifestyle. B. Going green ismore than a fashion.
C. A zero waste lifetyle is easy to achieve. D. Making environmentally-conscious decisions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
No matter where you fall on the range of preference for online classes, you can always find ways to do better and improve theway you go about your studies to help you learn the material better. Read on for some tips for acting online classes.
Read the syllabus(摘要)
The syllabus is supposed to be your guide.____16____. It should tell you basically everything you need to know forthe class. Anytime you have a question show your schedule, check the syllabus. ____17____
Note the deadlines.
In an online class, it is unbelievably easy to let deadlines come to you or even pass you by before you even know it.____18____. Make sure you meet the deadlines. If you are not watching or attending the lecture attentively, a professor's reminder could easily be missed. However you need to do that or find doing that to be most effective, do it. Find writing things down in your online calendar(日历)? Do it.
Ask questions
____19____.Especially if you need extra support, do not be afraid to email your professors. Their job is to support you and answer yon questions, Professors do not actively want their students to fail, so if they can reasonably help yon out. they will.____20____? Email them!
Online classes can be taught. But knowing that and preparing for it is half the battle. Knowing these tips and strategies will help you explore the world of online learning when the rest of the events of the world might he bringing you down.
A. Are there any specifications for it B. No one will be reminding you of it
C. You shouldn't be afraid to message your professor D. It tells you what you are doing, when, why and how
E. Do you have any questions about the topic your professor introduced
F. Just read through it to know what is to come and the general knowledge of the class G. Keeping all the important dates in your hand is not the best way to explore your online 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
It was a hot, humid summer day, and I had just pulled into the local gas station to fill my tank (油箱). After pumping the___21___, I started to walk inside to pay. That is when I___22___them. Two elderly women were standing back from their car. There was a mixture of shock and___23___on their faces. I looked and saw what they saw: five yellowjackets (小黄蜂) building a nest(巢) around their gas cap. My eyes widened. I___24___the ladies' fear.
Yellow jackets had___25___been friends of mine. Several times these wasps (黄蜂) had___26___me while I was cutting the grass, giving me many stings (蛰) each time I ran over their ground nests. The___27___time, however, happened when I was a young boy. A friend of mine and I were running and playing in my backyard. I must have___28___on one of their hidden nests again because___29___I knew it, both of us were being chased and stung over and over by the yellowjackets while we ran away____30____. I ran to my mom with____31____in my eyes. She____32____ran a cold bath and put us both in it to____33____the pain and itching before giving us medicine to____34____all the poison(毒素) in our little bodies from the stings.
Still, I knew I couldn't let fear stop me now. I____35____into my back pocket for a paper towel I had there, removed the____36____from the gas cap and stepped on it while the angry wasps buzzed around me. Both ofthe ladies thanked me, and I said, \"You're welcome!\" with a smile and a happy heart.
In life, you can't let the fear of being stung either physically or emotionally____37____you from doing what is right. We need to love each other and to change the world for the____38____. And the only way you can do this is one loving____39____, one kind word and one shared smile at a time. Don't let the yellowjackets in your life hold you____40____. Live! Love! Do good today!
21. A. water B. gas C. electricity D. energy
22. A. discovered B. observed C. watched D. noticed 23. A. fear B. pain C. joy D. excitement 24. A. caused B. shared C. suffered D. expressed 25. A. always B. sometimes C. never D. seldom 26. A. attracted B. hit C. beat D. attacked 27. A. worst B. best C. funniest D. strangest 28. A. touched B. stepped C. advanced D. crashed 29. A. after B. when C. before D. until
30. A. sweating B. screaming C. protesting D. laughing 31. A. anxiety B. laughter C. tears D. anger
32. A. confidently B. naturally C. obviously D. immediately 33. A. increase B. reduce C. stand D. treat 34. A. fight B. take C. spread D. destroy 35. A. searched B. reached C. checked D. swept 36. A. nest B. towel C. habitat D. wasps 37. A. recover B. protect C. keep D. reserve 38. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse 39. A. impression B. honour C. measure D. act 40. A. up B. on C. off D. back 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother,____41.____has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only____42.____(drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely____43.____(have)a fat child, scientists say.
And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)____44.____nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears____45.____(direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity____46.____(reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.
The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine____47.____fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in theUS. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child____48.____(be) obese.
The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical____49.____(active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having_____50._____obese child. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上教师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last week we held the annual school sports meet on our school sports ground. After the opening ceremony, our headmaster delivered an inspiring speech. Windy as it was that day, but the students were all quite excited and the whole school was alive. All my classmates took active part in it. Sometimes we watched the sports games closely. Other times we gave loud cheers to the player. It was the group rope jump which appealed to us most. Each class was supposing to select 30 students to make a team. Our class team had practised hard in the last few weeks, so we stood off from the rest. In a result, we win the first prize in the game. How proudly we felt! It was really an unforgettable sports meet. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是育才中学的学生李华，你校英籍教师Ms. Wilson很喜欢中国文化，特别是丝绸。你推荐并邀请她参观市丝绸博物馆，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：
1.博物馆地点； 2.博物馆开放时间； 3.博物馆简介。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Ms. Wilson,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early response.
Yours, Li Hua
参考答案
1. C 2. C 3. D
4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A
8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A
16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E
21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. D 41. who
42. drinks 43. to have 39 than 44. directly 45. is reduced
46. to 47. being 48. activity 49. an
51.(1). After→ Before (2).删除But
(3).在active前加an (4). player → players (5). which → that
(6). supposing → supposed (7). off → out (8). In → As (9). win→ won
(10). proudly→ proud
52.略
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