一、英语任务型阅读
1．请从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。
Earth Hour started in Sydney on March 31st, 2007. It calls on families and buildings to turn off the lights from 20: 30 to 21:30 on the last Saturday night of March. ________ A year later, on March 29, Earth Hour 2008 became a global activity and was supported by 50 million people from thirty-five countries. On March 28, 2010 over 100 cities in another eight countries took part in it. ________ In 2012 in China, there were many cities taking part in this activity, especially some large cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai… Many citizens consciously( 有意识的) turned off lights in the hour. ________ In colleges some students held some activities to make all the students leave their dormitories.
It was 20:30, Beijing time. ________ In Shanghai some people were taking a walk with their families or friends. And in Ningbo some young people were holding a party in a park, singing and dancing. ________
Earth Hour has a variety of activities, but the final goal is the same, that is focusing on(聚集) climate change and protecting the environment for individuals. A. The people from the three cities felt very relaxed.
B. In 2007 more than 2.2 million homes and businesses turned off their lights. C. And without lights, they could also enjoy themselves.
D. Some people in Beijing were having a nice talk with their friends. E. Earth Hour came to China on that day, too. 【答案】 B；E；C；D；A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文讲述的是地球一小时熄灯活动。这个活动是在2007年的悉尼开始的，后来越来越多的国家加入了这个活动。这个活动号召人们在每年3月份的最后一个星期六的晚上8点半到9点半关灯一小时。这个活动的目标是使人们关注气候变化，保护环境。
A. 来自三个城市的人们感到非常放松。 B. 在2007年超过220万家和企业关掉他们的灯。 C. 没有灯，他们也能够玩得开心。
D. 在北京的人们和他们的朋友进行了非常好的谈话。 E. 地球一小时在那天也来到了中国。
（1）根据前句句意：地球一小时是在2007年3月31日悉尼开始的。它号召人们在三月份的最后一个星期六的晚上8点半到9点半关灯一小时。可知此句的句意是在2007年，2百20多万家庭和企业关掉了他们的灯。故选B。
（2）根据前句句意：在2010年3月28日，又有8个国家的超过2,100个城市加入了进来。可知，越来越多的国家加入了地球一小时活动，也包括中国。因此此句是地球一小时也在那一天来到了中国。故选E。
（3）根据前句句意：很多市民有意识地关灯一小时。以及下文句意：在一些大学里，一些学生举行一些活动让学生们离开宿舍。可知，在关灯一小时的这个时间里，人们可以通
过其他活动，也可以玩得开心，故选C。
（4）根据前句句意：这是北京时间晚上8点半，以及这一段的内容可知，这里作者给我们介绍了在地球一小时的时间里，不同地方的人们都做了些什么。可知这句是，北京的一些人和他们的朋友进行了友好的谈话，故选D。
（5）根据前句句意：在宁波，一些人在公园里举行了聚会，唱歌和跳舞。可知，这一段中提到了三个城市，北京、上海和宁波，他们在地球一小时的时间里用不同的方式，都得到了放松，故选A。
【点评】考查任务型阅读。首先读懂五个选项，然后通读全文，根据上下文信息，选出合适的选型，确保文章通顺、完整。
2．学校英语阅读社团进行了一次“寻找名著节目”的趣味竞赛，请你根据以下五本小说的描述把书名代号A—E填入⑴-⑸小题相应空格处。
A. B. C. D. E.
________ ⑴A girl named Alice falls down a rabbit hole after an unusual big white rabbit. She finds herself in a land of talking animals and other fantastic animals, and starts a trip full of adventures(冒险).
________ ⑵After a ship accident, Crusoe lands on an island. To live he must build a home for himself. He saves a man called Friday. A lot of adventures happen to them on the island. ________ ⑶The story is about the Marchi family of four sisters growing up. It shapes the image of the four different characters to the family daily life.
________ ⑷This is an adventure about a boy called Jim Hawkins. He goes out to sea with a treasure map and finds an island full of treasures. It's a problem-solving journey to rescue(营救) treasures from dangerous situations.
________ ⑸This story is about an emperor who loves clothes very much. Two brothers cheat the emperor to get silver and gold. They tell him that people can't see the clothes unless they are clever. In the parade, everyone says his new clothes are wonderful except a little boy. 【答案】 E；D；A；C；B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了5本书的内容。
A、小妇人，B、皇帝的新衣，C、金银岛，D、鲁宾逊漂流记，E、爱丽丝梦游仙境
（1）根据段落提到 A girl named Alice falls down a rabbit hole after an unusual big white rabbit. ，根据叫爱丽丝的女生和兔子，可知是爱丽丝梦游仙境的内容，故选E。 （2）根据段落提到 He saves a man called Friday. 根据星期五，可知是鲁宾逊漂流记的内容，故选D。
（3）根据段落提到 The story is about the Marchi family of four sisters growing up ，四个姐妹，可知A选项出现了姐妹，故选A。
（4）根据段落提到 . He goes out to sea with a treasure map and finds an island full of treasures ，寻宝，可知选项C出现了该单词，故选C。
（5）根据段落提到皇帝的新装，可知与该段落匹配的选项是B，出现了emperor，故选B。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，做此类题首先熟悉段落大意，抓住关键词，匹配正确选项，即可。
3．阅读下面材料，完成信息记录表。
Attention, please. We have exciting news for you today. Our yearly Short Story Competition for teenagers is now open.
The regular（常规）subjects \"friendship\" and \"hobbies\" are still choices, but this year we have a new subject \"travel\". Your stories should be fewer than 2,000 words. You can send your stories to the organizer, Mr. Smith in Room 209. There is an amazing prize for you. The best story will be printed in the magazine, New Writers. Don't forget to hand in your stories before September 30th. And you will know the results on October 15th.
So get your thinking hats on. For more information, visit our school website. Yearly Short Story Competition New Subject Words Best story 【答案】Travel ；2,000
；Mr Smith；New Writers ；September
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了青少年短故事竞赛的消息，包括主题，字数，截止时间以及奖项等。
________ Fewer than________ Printed in the magazine________ Organizer（组织者） ________ thDeadline（截止日期） ________30 （1）根据The regular（常规）subjects \"friendship\" and \"hobbies\" are still choices, but this year we have a new subject \"travel\".可知今年的新主题是“旅游”，故答案为Travel。 （2）根据Your stories should be fewer than 2,000 words.可知你的故事应该少于2，000字，故答案为2,000。
（3）根据You can send your stories to the organizer, Mr. Smith in Room 209. 可知组织者是史密斯先生，故答案为Mr Smith。
（4）根据The best story will be printed in the magazine, New Writers.可知最好的故事将被印刷在杂志《新作家》上，故答案为New Writers。
（5）根据Don't forget to hand in your stories before September 30th. 可知截止日期是9月30号，故答案为September。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据表格内容在原文中找到依据，锁定答案。
4．根据短文内容从方框中选出五个句子填入文中空缺处使短文内容通顺完整。 We have found plastic in the ocean and in animals like birds, fish and whales. But for the first time, scientists have found plastic in human poop (大便) , USA Today reported. The findings came from a study led by scientists from Environment Agency Austria ________ The volunteers wrote down what they ate for a week and then provided a stool sample (大便样本) for testing. ________About 20 small plastic particles (IM) were found in every 10 grams (克) of stool. \"The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic system, and may even reach the liver (肝脏),\" said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. ________They're not sure how the plastic got in the volunteers' bodies, either. But most of the volunteers said they drank from plastic bottles and also ate seafood that could include plastic from ocean pollution.
In fact, plastic is everywhere around us. Every year, lots of plastic waste goes into the ocean.________ Most of the particles stay in the ocean. Others can spread into the soil, and air. Could plastic in the air fall onto food and get into the human body?
Some past studies may also give us a clue. ________And even some drinking water has been found to have tiny plastic particles in it.
A. There, sunlight and waves (海浪) break the plastic waste down to very small pieces. B. The scientists are sure that the plastic must be harmful to humans. C. According to USA Today, 90% of sea salt which is sold in the world includes plastic. D. The scientists followed eight healthy volunteers from different parts of the world. E. However, the scientists aren't sure if the plastic is harmful to humans. F. Scientists found nine different kinds of plastic in the stool samples, according to the study. 【答案】 D；F；E；A；C
5．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
You must have heard about jogging(慢跑)as a popular way of keeping fit, but what about plogging? Plogging is a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase \"plocka upp\". It started as an organized activity in Sweden around 2016 and then spread to other
countries step by step. For exercising, plogging is much better than simply running, because it provides changes in body movements by adding bending(弯曲), squatting(蹲) and stretching(伸展).
As 2018's hottest fitness way, plogging has become popular in more than 40 countries, from the US to France and Australia to Thailand. The idea of plogging is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health — to care for Mother Nature as well as your body. \"I run a lot and I love to spend time in nature. When I find litter out in the woods, it makes me sad and a bit angry. Plogging is a natural way to do something about that,\" Tesch said.\" It's so easy to just pick up the litter and put it in the nearest bin, and it makes you feel that you're making a difference!\"
Have you noticed people jogging while carrying trash bags recently? Or running along with hands full of dirty plastic bottles? You might do soon! Because plogging has reached China. Olivier, a Frenchman married to a Chinese girl, began promoting(促进)plogging in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, back in April. He and his wife were the only ones doing it at first, he said, but the craze soon caught on. The couple have set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging. Currently there are more than 100 people from different parts of the country in the group to take an active part in the environmental movement. In honor of World Environment Day this year, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(中国工商银行)started plogging campaigns (运动)in 280 cities, attracting 13,000 people to join in.
Plogging can be done almost anytime and anywhere, and costs almost nothing. Will you take it up?
（1）What's the meaning of the word \"plogging\"? （2）Where did the activity first start?
（3）Up to 2018, how many countries has the activity spread to? （4）Why can the idea of plogging become so popular?
（5）How did Olivier and his wife make people learn more about plogging?
【答案】 （1）It's a mix of jogging and picking up litter, coming from the Swedish phrase \"plocka upp\". （2）In Sweden.
（3）More than 40 countries.
（4）Because it is to pay attention to environmental protection as well as physical health./Because it cares for Mother Nature as well as your body.
（5）The couple set up a WeChat group for people to learn more about plogging/By setting up a Wechat group for people to learn more about plogging.
6．请将左栏5个人的遇到的紧急情况和右栏七个不同的急救方式进行配对。 ________Sally often takes a banana to school A. Apple Watch for lunch. She often puts a banana in her bag It can not only tell you the right time and the in the morning, and when she opens the bag temperature. It also has a set of technology at noon, the banana looks as if someone that can collect a lot of health data. It can record drove a car over it. your every movement and even tell you ________Rose wants to know whether her whether you sleep well or not. breath smells nice or not? But it's difficult to B. Alarm Fork know, because it's very hard to smell the air Well, this special fork has two lights: one that comes out of your own mouth. green and one red. When the green light is on, ________John used to have a watch that can it's OK to take a bite of food. The fork \"knows\" tell him the time and temperature during the when you take a bite, and soon the red light day. However, it doesn't work these days and goes on. Wait for the green light before you he wants to buy something that can be worn take another bite. more easily. C. Smell This ________It is reported that many people die Smell This is useful for you to make sure your as a result of breathing smoke or from breath smell nice or not. Smell This covers your cooking over wood-powered or coal-powered nose and your mouth, so it is easy to smell the stoves. Anna wants to buy a cooker to avoid air that comes out of your mouth. this problem. D. Banana Suitcase ________Bruce often reads the news about Are you worrying about the banana in your food safety from newspaper, magazines or TV. bag? If you put your banana in the Banana It has great influences on people's health. He Suitcase, it can keep a banana safe, delicious, wants to find something that can help him and looking like a banana! check whether the food is safe or not. E. \"Sol-4\" Cooker The cooker is also much \"friendlier\" than other cookers because it produces less smoke and the user would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke. F. Time Temp Glasses These special glasses show the time above your right eye and the temperature above your left eye. It is surely easier than wearing a watch, and you never have to guess the temperature. G. Kuaisou The new chopsticks, called Kuaisou, are able to pick up a variety of readings on food freshness, acidity(酸碱度) and nutrients (营养). They allow people to take food safety into their own hands through an app on smart phones. 【答案】 D；C；F；E；G
7．根据短文内容，完成下面的表格。
When you sleep somewhere else, like at a summer camp or a friend's house, you know you're there for a fun time. But for some kids, when they are away from home they feel sad. They start to miss- their own beds, their own parents, and all the things at home. It's called being homesick
(想家的). Do you want to feel less homesick? Here's how.
Spend more time doing fun things. The more fun things you do, the less time you'll have to feel homesick. So try to take part in activities and soon you might start to have a good time. You can make a plan to call your mum or dad. For a one-night visit, maybe you can call once that night, and again in the morning. In the camp, you might set a regular day and time for a phone call home. You can also send emails or short messages to keep in touch with family members and friends. If you're going to be away for a while, you might even write a letter! When you get in touch with someone, make sure to tell them about the fun things you're doing! Sometimes, just tell someone that you're feeling homesick. This will help you feel better. Maybe you can tell a friend that you feel homesick. And both of you can do something fun, such as telling jokes. If you're at a camp, a camp counselor (顾问) would be a good person to talk to. He or she might have some ideas to help you feel better. How to deal with homesickness When to feel homesick When you are ________ from home, you might feel homesick. Find fun Try to take part in a lot of ________. Make a ________ to call your parents. Keep in ________ Send emails or short messages to your family members and friends. Write a letter if you are away for a while. Share your fun with your family members and friends. Talk to someone Talk to your friends, and do something fun with him/her. Talk to your counselor, and get some helpful ________ from him/her. 【答案】away；activities/events/things；touch；plan；ideas/opinions/suggestions/advice 【解析】【分析】
⑴根据第一段 when they are away from home they feel sad.故填away。
⑵根据第二段try to take part in activities and soon you might start to have a good time.故填activities。
⑶第三段主要围绕 keep in touch with family members and friends.来说的，词组：keep in touch保持联系。故填touch。
⑷根据第三段第一句You can make a plan to call your mum or dad. 可知填plan。 ⑸根据最后一句He or she might have some ideas to help you feel better.故填ideas。 【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
8．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
What can we do to help protect the environment? It seems useless to just pick up a piece of trash(垃圾) ,but what will happen if you keep doing it every day? Tommy Kleyn, an ordinary man from the Netherlands, may give you the answer. Tommy Kieyn walked past a polluted river on his way to work every day. It used to be a beautiful view, but the trash on the bank made it dirty and smelly. So Tommy decided to pick up the trash along the river a little bit at a time after work. \"It
took me about 30 minutes to fill one garbage(垃圾) bag with trash, but one garbage bag didn't seem helpful in a place as polluted as this. I decided to fill one bag of trash each day as I passed by,\" Tommy said. Every day, Tommy took pictures of the river and shared them on his Facebook page. To his surprise, in just six days, he had made great progress with his cleanup effort(努力) . He felt happy and kept doing it. Gradually, more and more people knew about Tommy's story. Other people in the community began following in his footsteps and cleaning up trash on their way home, too. \"The idea is to encourage people to fill one garbage bag with litter each day. It only takes 30 minutes, but it really makes a difference and you will be amazed at how good you feel afterwards, \"he said. People from all over the world have been moved and inspired(激励)by Tommy's story. No effort is useless if we keep doing it every day. Ordinary people like you and me can also make a difference to the world we live in if we take actions right now. （1）What did Tommy Kleyn walk past on his way to work every day? （2）What did Tommy decide to do after work?
（3）Where did Tommy share the pictures of the river that he took? （4）Who began following in Tommy's footsteps and cleaning up trash? （5）What can you learn from the story?
【答案】 （1）He walked past a polluted river on his way to work every day. （2）He decided to pick up the trash along the river a little bit at a time after work. （3）On his Facebook page. （4）Other people in the community.
（5）No effort is useless if we keep doing it every day. /Ordinary people like you and me can also make a difference to the world we live in if we take actions right now.
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了Tommy Kleyn每天在污染的河流旁边捡垃圾而影响了很多人的故事。
（1）根据第三行Tommy Kieyn walked past a polluted river on his way to work every day，可知Tommy Kieyn每天上班路上会路过一条被污染的河流，故答案为He walked past a polluted river on his way to work every day.
（2）根据So Tommy decided to pick up the trash along the river a little bit at a time after work，可知Tommy决定下班之后决定一次捡一点沿河的垃圾，故答案为He decided to pick up the trash along the river a little bit at a time after work.
（3）根据Every day, Tommy took pictures of the river and shared them on his Facebook page，可知Tommy拍照之后分享到他的脸书上，故答案为On his Facebook page.
（4）根据Other people in the community began following in his footsteps and cleaning up trash on their way home, too，可知社区里的其他人也开始追随他的脚步，在回家的路上清理垃圾，故答案为Other people in the community.
（5）根据最后一句Ordinary people like you and me can also make a difference to the world we live in if we take actions right now，像你我这样的普通人如果现在就采取行动，也能改变我们生活的世界，可知答案要与他的事迹对环保事业有积极影响有关，故答案为No effort is useless if we keep doing it every day. /Ordinary people like you and me can also make a difference to the world we live in if we take actions right now.
【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意读懂文章，根据题目去文章定位关键信息。
9．阅读短文，⑴根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词；⑵完成同义句转换，每空一词；⑶⑷⑸根据短文内容回答问题。
Dinosaurs(恐龙)once lived on the earth for a long time. They suddenly disappeared millions of years ago. What happened to them? That's still a mystery. People never stop searching for the answer.
Some US scientists say it is because there were not enough male(雄性的)dinosaurs. They got this idea after researching crocodiles(鳄鱼).
Mother crocodiles lay eggs and later baby crocodiles come out. The local temperature decides the sex(性别)of the baby crocodile. When the eggs are at a temperature of 26℃ to 30℃,the babies are all girls; when the temperature is 30℃ to 34℃,there are both boys and girls; when it is 34℃ to 36℃, only boys are born.
Dinosaurs' babies also came from eggs. So scientists have given us a new picture: millions of years ago, it suddenly became very cold. Almost all dinosaur babies were girls. There were fewer and fewer male dinosaurs. Mother dinosaurs could not give birth to more babies. Finally, these powerful animals disappeared.
（1）①e________ as many or as much as necessary
②l________ to produce eggs from the bodies of birds, insects and so on （2）同义句转换
Dinosaurs' babies also came from eggs.
Dinosaurs' babies came from eggs ________ ________. （3）When did dinosaurs suddenly disappear? （4）What decides the sex of the baby crocodile? （5）Are the baby crocodiles only boys when it's 35℃? 【答案】 （1）enough；lay （2）as；well
（3）Millions of years ago. （4）The local temperature. （5）Yes.
【解析】【分析】主要讲了通过调查鳄鱼得知数百万年前恐龙消失的原因。
（1）①根据Some US scientists say it is because there were not enough male(雄性的)dinosaurs.可知是足够的，故填enough。
②根据Mother crocodiles lay eggs and later baby crocodiles come out.可知是下蛋，故填lay。
（2）句意：恐龙宝宝也从蛋里出生。根据also，也，可知also等于as well，故填as well。
（3）根据They suddenly disappeared millions of years ago，可知数百万年前恐龙消失了，故填Millions of years ago.。
（4）根据The local temperature decides the sex(性别) of the baby crocodile.可知当地温度决
定小鳄鱼的性别，故填The local temperature.。
（5）根据when it is 34℃ to 36℃, only boys are born，可知温度是34度到36度时仅仅是雄性鳄鱼，故填Yes.。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后方框内的选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。（提示：每个选项只用一次，选项中有一项为多余选项）
Now students' English handwriting(书写)gets worse and worse. That makes their teachers feel worried. Is your English handwriting beautiful?________ Use paper with lines
When you write English words or sentences, you can use paper with lines. That will make your handwriting straight.________ Be sure to fill the lined space completely. And make sure these capital letters (大写字母) are written properly. Slow down
If your writing is hard to read, just slow down a little.________If you write too quickly, it's hard for you to stop where you should, and you may make more mistakes easily. ________
When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better. Some kids press down really hard when they write. That makes the handwriling bad. Try to be relaxed and don't hold the pencil so hard. Let your writing appear nice and clean. If you do so, people will guess you are a student with a good habit. Draw more pictures
________While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to cuntrol (控制) your pencil better. Even though you have no chance to draw at school, you can practice by drawing at home.
Handwriting is very important. Imagine you are a famous movie star or a well-known sports player, whad do you do when your fans run up to you? Givethem your autographs (亲笔签名) , of course!
A. If not, here are four steps that really work! B. Hold your pencil right C. Drawing can improve your handwriting. D. We will try to learn English well. E. Going slower makes your handwriting clearer. F. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size. 【答案】 A；F；E；B；C 【解析】【分析】主要讲了怎样让学生的英语书写变得漂亮。
A. If not, here are four steps that really work!如果不是，这四个步骤真的起作用。 B. Hold your pencil right拿好你的铅笔。
C. Drawing can improve your handwriting.绘画可以提高你的书写。 D. We will try to learn English well.我们将努力把英语学好。
E. Going slower makes your handwriting clearer.写的越慢让你的书写更清楚。
F. Those lines on the paper can help you to write words in the right size.纸上的那些线可以帮助你用合适的尺寸写单词。
（1）根据后文可知讲了写好英语书写的四个方法，故选A。
（2）根据前句When you write English words or sentences, you can use paper with lines.当你写英语单词或者句子时，你可以使用带线的纸，可知与线有关，故选F。
（3）根据前句If your writing is hard to read, just slow down a little.如果你的书写读起来困难，仅仅写慢一些，可知与写慢有关，故选E。
（4）根据后文When you hold your pencil in the correct way, writing is much better.可知讲的是用正确的方式握笔，故选B。
（5）根据后句While you are drawing pictures, you need to use the skills to cuntrol (控制) your pencil better.可知画画可以提高你的书写，故选C。
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