1.________his expression, he was _________ of spiders. A. Judged from; frightened
C. Judged by; frightening 【参考答案】B
B. Judging by; frightened
D. Judging from; frightening
2.The lecture__________
，
he left his seat so quietly that no one plained that his leaving disturbed the speaker. A. began
B. beginning
C. having begun 【参考答案】C
D. being beginning
【答案解析】分析句子结构，The lecture__________是独立主格结构，the lecture与begin是逻辑上的主谓关系，且该动作发生在left之前，故用现在分词的完成形式。故选C。 【难点剖析】 非谓语动词与其逻辑主语 非谓语动词的应用是学生学习的重点，其中非谓语动词与它的逻辑主语的关系是学生学习的难点｡要解决这一难题，必须注意以下四个方面｡ 一､ 非谓语动词逻辑主语的概念 逻辑主语是指非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者，二者之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系｡ 二､ 逻辑主语的判断 实用文档
1. 句子主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语｡如：
He likes helping others. (He是helping的逻辑主语)
Moved by his words， I told him all the news. (I是moved的逻辑主语) 2. 介词of或for的宾语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语｡如：
It’s kind of you to tell me the news. (you是to tell的逻辑主语)
It is impossible for you to finish so much work in so short a time.(you是to finish的逻辑主语)
3. 复合结构中的宾语就是非谓动词的逻辑主语｡例如：
The teacher asked me to answer his question. (me是to answer的逻辑主语) I saw him playing at the river side. (him是playing的逻辑主语) 三､ 逻辑主语对非谓语动词语态的影响
1. 如果逻辑主语是非谓语动词表示的动作的执行者，非谓语动词就用主动形式｡如： I like to go out for a walk after supper.
2. 如果逻辑主语是非谓语动词的动作的承受者，非谓语动词就用被动形式｡如： The boy dislikes being laughed at. Tom asked to be sent to the front.
3. 当句子中既有非谓语动词的逻辑主语又有逻辑宾语时，非谓语动词用主动形式｡如： He has a lot of work to do.
4. 逻辑主语与非谓语动词是动宾关系，而且句子中有表语形容词时，非谓语动词用主动形式｡如： The work is easy to do.
The problem is difficult to deal with. 四､ 分词和动名词的逻辑主语的区别
1. 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致｡如果不一致，则要补出它自己的逻辑主语｡如： It being a fine day, we went out for a picnic.
The homework finished， she began to watch TV. 以上两例中的逻辑主语It和The homework不能缺少｡
2. 动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，可以补出来动名词的逻辑主语｡如： Would you mind my opening the window?
3. 动名词的逻辑主语常用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格充当，而分词的逻辑主语一般用主格形式(作
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宾语除外)｡试比较： Tom’s being late made the teacher angry. Tom being late, he teacher got angry. I being late, he teacher got angry. My being late made the teacher angry. 注意： 当动名词作宾语时，其逻辑主语也可用宾格形式｡试比较： Would you mind my opening the window? Would you mind me opening the window? 当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的事物或不定代词时，不能用名词或代词的所有格｡如： Is there any hope of our class (不能说class’s) winning the match?
1.To their surprise, they found that the lecture given by the famous professor was easy__________. A.to be understood C. understanding
B.to understand D. understood
2.Mrs Black expected high standards from his son and was very excited the first prize in the English Writing petition. A.to win C. winning
B. for him to have won
D. him winning
3.Written in a hurry, ____________. A. Kate made many mistakes in the paper. B. there are many mistakes in the paper. C. we found some mistakes in the paper. D. the paper is full of mistakes.
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1.B 【解析】句意：使他们吃惊的是，他们发现那位著名教授所作的演讲很容易理解。分析句子结构可
知，the lecture given by the famous professor was easy__________属于＂主语+be+形容词+动词不定式＂结构，在该结构中，构成动词不定式的动词与主语为动宾关系时，动词不定式常用主动形式表示被动含义。given by the famous professor是过去分词短语，在句中作后置定语。故选B。 【名师点睛】
＂Sb./Sth.+be+adj.(+for sb./sth.)+to do＂结构用法浅析：①句子主语sb./sth.通常是do的逻辑宾语,不定式用主动形式表示被动意义，若do为不及物动词，通常要在do后加上适当的介词；②for引出不定式动作的执行者，即不定式的逻辑主语，for sb./sth.还常常省略。
进步，在于总结。我在这，总结在哪儿？
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