一、课前检测
（一）根据句意填入单词或短语的正确形式
1. He let his daughter____________(挑选)her own birthday present in the shop. 2. It was a terrible accident. Very few passengers____________(幸存)it.
3. The two of them have____________(装饰)their new house romantically to celebrate their new life together.
4. The gloves were____________(设计)for extremely cold climates. 5. Our boss____________(爆发)with anger when he saw the sales report. 6. 用worth的适当形式填空
(1)Without thinking carefully about spending my money, I bought many ____________things.
(2)Although we take an hour a day for exercise, it is well ____________it. （二） 翻译词组 1. in of 寻找
2. in 报答；回报 3. to 属于 4. at
处于交战状态
5. 6. than 少于
part 拆开
7. 8. be 9. highly of 看重；器重，评价高 for 为……设计 than 而不是 处理
10. do
二、知识梳理
（一）单词
valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的
1
survive vt. 比……活得长；(经过……)活(保存)下来
vi. 活下来；幸存；残留 amaze vt. 使吃惊；惊讶 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的 select vt. 挑选；选择 design decorate remove doubt former worth evidence explode entrance sink debate
（二）短语
in search of belong to in return at war less than take apart
n. 设计；图案；构思
vt.设计；计划；构思
v. 装饰；装修 vt.移动；搬开 n. 怀疑；疑惑
vt.怀疑；不信
adj.以前的；从前的
prep.值得的，相当于……的价值
n.价值；作用 adj.[古]值钱的
n. 根据；证据 vi. 爆炸 n. 入口 vi.下沉；沉下
n. 争论；辩论vi.争论；辩论
寻找 属于 作为报答 处于交战状态 少于 拆开
2
think highly of 看重；器重 serve as 充当；担任 be of the fancy style 风格奇特的 rather than 而不是 in fact 实际上
add… to… 增加。。。到。。。 the wonders of the world 世界奇迹 look like 看起来像。。。
（三）必背句
1) A cultural relic always has to be rare and valuable. 文化遗产总是稀少而珍贵的。
2) Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他赠给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
3) The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. 选用的琥珀有非常美丽的黄棕色，如同蜂蜜一般。
4) The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. 房间的设计是当时流行的风格。
5) It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.
它也是一件由黄金和珠宝装饰的宝物，这件宝物是国内最好的艺术家花费十年制作而成的。
6) However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
7) In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
8) About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important
3
visitors.
这个房间长4米，作为一个小型接待厅接待重要来宾。 9) This was a time when the two countries were at war. 这是在两国交战的时期。
10) The Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.
俄国人只能够从琥珀屋里搬走一些家具和小的艺术品。
11) In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.
不到两天，十万件物品被装进27个木盒里。
12) There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往格尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。
13) By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one.
通过研究古琥珀屋的老照片，他们把新的琥珀屋建的和之前的一样。 14) It is worth rebuilding lost cultural relics. 重建遗失的文化遗传是值得的。 15) Later he gave it to his local museum. 之后，他把它送给了当地博物馆。
16) The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it. 那个老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆走了。 17) This kind of information is called evidence. 这种信息叫证据。
18) In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight. 1945年四月午夜，我听到了爆炸声。
19) To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed. 让我吃惊的是矿洞的入口是关着的。
20) I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.
4
我很欣赏那些努力寻找琥珀屋的人。
三、重难点突破及课堂练习
（一）重点单词
1. survive vt. 比……活得长；(经过……)活(保存)下来 vi. 活下来；幸存；残留
Is it enough to have survived for a long time? （reading text）是否留存久远就足够了？ Of the six people injured in the crash，only two survived. 在这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。 【用法拓展】
survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年) survive (from) sth. 幸免于某事；流传下来 survive on sth. 靠……存活下来 survival n.存活，幸存 survivor n.幸存者 【速记名片】 一石四鸟之句
He was the only survivor that survived the accident, but he survived long, and even survived his son.
他不仅在那场事故中幸免于难，而且还活了很长时间，甚至比他的儿子活的时间还长。 即境活用
① It was lucky that the boy _______________（从大火中逃生）. ② She ____________ （多活了）her husband by ten years.
③ Many strange customs have ________________（流传下来）earlier times.
2.design n. 设计；图案；构思
vt. 设计；计划；构思
The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. （reading text） 房间的设计是当时流行的风格。
5
The building seats 2000 people, but is of poor design. 这座建筑物可容纳2000人, 但设计很差. 【用法拓展】
by design＝on purpose 有意地，故意地 have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 图谋(钱、生命等) be designed for sb./sth. 为……设计 be designed to do sth. 目的是做……
be designed as sth. = serve as sth. 为某目的或用途而制造或计划。。。 即境活用
① Whether ___________________（是故意还是偶然），he arrived too late to help us. ② The experiment ________________________ （目的是）test the new drug. ③ This house____________（为。。。设计） a large family.
3. remove vt. 去掉，开除；脱掉 vi. 搬开，移动，搬家
Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. （reading text）然而，在纳粹分子到达这座避暑宫殿之前，俄国人只能够从琥珀屋里搬走一些家具和小的艺术品。
The news removed any doubts about the company’s future. 这个消息消除了一切有关公司未来的疑虑。 【用法拓展】
be removed from … 某人被开除，解聘/免职 【易混点辨析】
remove和move都表示“移动”。区别是move强调位置和姿态的改变；remove强调完全放弃原来的地方而到达新的地方，有时相当于take away/off。表示“迁居”时，二者均可。 即境活用
① The man was _______ from the office for some reasons. ② She ________ her hat and coat.
③ They were taught to learn the spirit of the Foolish Old man ________ the mountain.
6
A. removed B. moved C. who removed D. moving
④ The boy is _____ from school because he often plays truant. A. gone B. removed C. to remove D. be at
⑤ The man was so badly hurt that he couldn’t ____ his leg . A. remove B. move C. carry D. send
4. doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑
vt. 怀疑；不信
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往格尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。 【用法拓展】 doubtful adj. 怀疑的
beyond a/any/all doubt = without doubt = out of doubt毫无疑问地；确实地 no doubt 无疑地；很可能 in doubt 不肯定的; 不确定的 There is no doubt that + clause
There is no doubt about sth. 毫无疑问…… 【特别注意】
doubt 在肯定句中用 whether/if引导从句，但在疑问句和否定句中用 that引导从句。 I don't doubt that... 我确信…… I doubt whether/if… 我怀疑是否…… 即境活用
① ---Do you doubt ____ he’ll be fired by the school ? --- No, not a bit. A. that B. whether C. if D. about ② --- Lily is sure to win the oral English contest .
--- But I doubt ____ she will make it . A. that B. whether C. how D. when
③ I have no doubt in my mind ___ they will be glad to see me.
7
A. if B. whether C. that D. of
④ Their acceptance of the contract is still ______________（不确定的）. ⑤ 他无疑是我所教过的学生中最聪明的。（三种译法） _____________________________________________.
5. worth prep.值得的，相当于……的价值
n.(U)价值；作用 adj.[古]值钱的
It is worth rebuilding lost cultural relics. (reading text) 重建遗失的文化遗产是值得的。 Our house is worth about 60000. 我们的房子约值60000英镑。 The jewellery is of great worth. 这些珠宝很值钱。 【用法拓展】
be worth＋n. 值…… (仅限于少数表示钱数或某种代价的比喻性名词) be (well) worth doing (很)值得做 (用 well修饰；用动名词的主动式表示被动含义) be of (great) worth （非常）有价值的 be of little/no worth 价值少的/没有价值的 worthless adj. 无价值的; 没用的 worthy adj. 值得的 be worthy of＋n.
be worthy of＋being done 值得做某事 be worthy to be done
注意：worthy 可用做前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定语。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的绅士。
worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得花时间、钱或精力的
It is worthwhile (for sb.) to do sth/doing sth. 做某事是值得的. 【速记名片】 一石二鸟之句
This movie is well worth seeing, but it is not worthy of being seen/to be seen twice. 这部电影值得看但是不值得看两遍。 即境活用
8
①—What do you think of the book?
—Oh, excellent. It’s worth ________a second time.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
②She has done some ________ things during the summer vacation，and she is ________ of being praised.
A. worthwhile；worthy B. worthwhile；worth C. worthy；worth D. worth；worthy
③这个地方值得参观。（使用worthy的三种译法） _____________________________________________.
6. prove vt. 证明；证实；
vi. 证明是；结果是（没有被动语态）
For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. (reading text) 例如，据证明中国比世界上任何国家的人口都多。 【用法拓展】
prove to be 证明是；结果是 即境活用
① These documents ___________________ (会证明) we are telling the truth.
② The news that Mr Smith was going to buy that factory____________________(被证明是虚假的) in the end.
7. light v. 点燃，照亮；过去式-过去分词：lit –lit
n. 光，光亮 adj.明亮的，轻的，浅色的
【用法拓展】
light up 照亮，使(光亮) 即境活用
She took the ______ (点燃的)candle into the dark room and quickly the room ________ (照亮).
9
8. select vt. 挑选；选择
The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey. (reading text) 选用的琥珀有非常美丽的黄棕色，如同蜂蜜一般。 【近义辨析】
elect/choose/select/pick
(1)elect“选举；选择”，指在一定的范围内或有限的数量中，遵照一定的规章或法制，用投票或举手等表决方式，以多数为标准，选举出代表或负责人；也含有为完成某任务而选择适用的人员的意思。
(2)choose“挑选；选择”，指从若干人或事物中找出符合要求、满足需要的人或事物。这种选择取决于个人主观意志，带有最终选定的含义。
(3)select“精选”，语气比choose重，而且更正式，强调客观性，挑选对象是同类的。 (4)pick常与out连用，有“挑选，选择”之意，指仔细地、精心地选择，带有挑剔意味，有时可与select互换，作“拣出，认出”解。 即境活用
①It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her.
②Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’ Conference. ③We have __________ him chairman. ④You should ____________ friends with care.
9. wonder n.奇迹；奇观；惊奇；惊讶 v. 想知道；对……感到惊奇
Although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing. (reading text)
尽管琥珀室被认为是一个世界奇迹，但现在它已经不见了。 She always wondered how she could operate the new machine. 她想知道她怎么才能操作这台新机器。 【特别注意】
wonder作“奇迹；奇观”讲时为可数名词，作“惊奇,惊叹”讲时为不可数名词。 【用法拓展】
10
It be a wonder (that)... 奇怪的是……
(It be) no/little/small wonder (that...) 难怪……；……并不奇怪 即境活用
① _______________（难怪） you can’t sleep when you eat so much. ② I ______ （很想知道）who he was, where he were from and why he came.
（二）重点短语
1. in search of 寻找 = in the/one's search for
He moved to the United States in search of a better life. 他移居美国寻求更好的生活。 【易混辨析】
search/search for/search...for/in search of
search 表示“搜索；搜寻；调查”。search sb.意为“搜某人身”；search sp.意为“在某地搜查”（意图找到某东西）。
search for 意为“寻找”，指搜寻某个特定的目标，相当于look for。 search...for 意为“搜查某人或某地以寻找某物”。
in search of 介词短语，意为“寻找”，后接寻找的目标或对象。 【用法拓展】
in honour of 为了纪念；为向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂……；表扬…… in memory of 为纪念…… in favour of 赞同，支持 in place of 代替 in charge of 负责 in possession of 拥有 in control of 控制 in need/want of 需要 即境活用
① They started off at once in search ______ the missing child .
11
② So far , they have been unlucky in their search ______(介词)gold and have no money left .
③ He ______ all his pockets but failed to find his ID. A. searched B. searched for C. in search of D. looked for ④ The police ______ the house ______ （搜索）the stolen jewel. ⑤ We celebrate Mother's Day________________（对母亲表示敬意）. ⑥ If you are________________（需要）anything, don't hesitate to let me know.
2. in return 作为报答，常和介词for连用
In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. (reading text) 作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness. 为了报答他的好心，我宴请了他。 【用法拓展】
in return for 为……作为回报 without return 无赚头；无利润 by return (接信后)立即回复
return sb. sth. (＝return sth. to sb.) 将某物归还某人 return to some place/life 回到某地/复活 return ticket / trip 往返车票/旅行 【温馨提示】 in turn依次；逐个地；转而；反过来 即境活用
① I greeted the teacher with “hello”，and the teacher gave me a sweet smile ________. A．by turns
B．in return C．in turn
D．for return
② He gave her some roses _____________（答谢） her kindness.
③ They let us use their computers, and ____________ （作为回报）we give them the results of our research.
3. at war 处于交战状态
This was a time when the two countries were at war. (reading text) 这是在两国交战的时期。 【近义辨析】
at work 在上班
12
at play 在玩
at peace 处于和平中 at school 在上学 at breakfast 在吃早饭 at table 在吃饭 at desk 在学习 at rest 静止 【温馨提示】
(1)on也可以表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。 (2)under表示“在……中”，常见搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。 即境活用
① The two countries have been __________ （交战）for years. ② ____________ （静止地）the insect looks like a dead leaf.
③ The countries have been ____________（和平）for more than a century. ④ Everything is __________ （在掌控之中）.
⑤ This shirt is ___________（出售）, but it is not ____________（廉价出售）.
4. take apart 拆开，拆散
The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.(reading text) 那个老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆走了。 【用法拓展】
apart 是副词，“相距，相隔；分开，分离；在一边”。还可以构成如下短语： apart from 除……以外 know/tell... apart 辨认，区别
put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.) 使某人/某物显得优越或独特 stand apart 分开站 live apart 分开住 be wide/far apart 相距很远
①这些短语中，若代词做宾语，要放在动词与 apart 之间。 ②apart from有 besides 和 except 的双重含义。 即境活用
①John enjoys __________________ （拆东西）to see how they work.
13
②It's much easier__________________ （把钟拆开） than to put it together again.
5. belong to 属于；为……的一员
However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. (reading text)然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。 【特别提醒】
belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。 【用法拓展】
belong vi. 适合待在某处，放在某处，没有含被动意味的过去分词用法。 belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物 即境活用
①That dictionary ____________ （属于）the library. ②Do you ____________ （是。。的一员）the trade union？ ③Where do these plates _______（属于）？
6. think highly of 看重；器重
I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room. (reading text) 我很欣赏那些努力寻找琥珀屋的人。 【用法拓展】
think highly/well/much of sb./sh. 对某人/某物评价高；高度赞扬 think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价低(印象不好) think poorly of=think nothing of 不放在眼里；轻视 speak well/ill of 说……好/坏
think of 想起，记得；觉得怎样 【特别提示】
当 think highly/well/much...of用于被动结构时，修饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。如：
Pop music is well thought of by most young people. 大多数年轻人对流行音乐很赞赏。 即境活用
①I don't __________________ （评价不高）these so－called improvements to the town center.
14
②We all __________________ （看重）her.
③One of the young man’s paintings has been ________by some experts of the art field.
A．high thought of B．well thought of C．highly thought D．good thought
7. serve as 担任，充当
About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. (reading text) 琥珀屋约四米长，做了接待贵宾的小接待厅。 即境活用
① He____________（担任）a waiter there.
② When you sleep in the open, old newspapers can ____________（担任）a blanket.
8. add…to…把……加进……里去
She told her artists to add more details to its design. (reading text) 她告诉他的艺术家们将设计方案再增加更多的细节。
Please add some sugar to the milk. 请往牛奶里加点糖。 【用法拓展】 add to 增加 add up to 合计达 add…up 加起来 即境活用
①His being absent ________（增加）our difficulty.
②The money he spent one day ________（合计达）about $100. ③________ these figures ________ （ 加起来）and see what the total is.
④We can ________ another room ________ （把……加进……里去）the house．
9. rather than 而不是
He only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. (reading text) 他关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点或看法。
15
【特别注意】
rather than意为“而不是”，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的形式应该一致。rather than连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单复数形式应遵循就前原则。类似用法的词汇、短语还有：as well as，together with，except，but，like，with，besides，including等。 【用法拓展】
or rather 更确切地说 other than 除了……之外
would/had rather do...than do =would do...rather than do=prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿……而不愿……；宁愿；更喜欢
He would rather go walking than watch TV at home. 他宁愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看电视。 即境活用
选词填空（rather than/other than/or rather）
①I met him very late on Friday night, ______, early on Saturday morning. ②Does anybody ______ yourself know this? ③I decided to send an e-mail ______ telephone.
(三) 重点语法
限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句
一、定义
1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词常有的三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；关系副
16
词：where, when, why等。例如：Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. (that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾语。)
关系词 that which 关系代词 who whom whose when 关系副词 where why
二、定语从句
（一）关系代词
指代 指人 √ √ √ √ 在定从中充当的成分 指事 √ 指物 √ √ √ 主语 √ √ √ 宾语 √ √ √ 表语 √ √ √ 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 定语 √ 时间名词 地点名词 原因名词（reason） 关系代词 that which who whom whose
【例句】
指人 指物 句子 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 在定从中充当的成分 主语 √ √ √ 宾语 √ √ √ 表语 √ √ √ 定语 √ ① The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你扛着的包裹马上要拆开。
② She is the woman whom / who / that I wanted to see yesterday. 她是我昨天想看的那
17
个女人。
③ Please pass me the book whose cover is black. 请把那本黑色封面的书递给我。
1．关系代词的作用
（1）that 可以指人也可以指物，指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在从句中作主语、宾语或是表语。
（2）which 多指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或是表语。非限制性定语从句中，which有时并不代表主句中的某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。（具体见第二点）
（3）who指人，在从句中作主语和表语。口语中，who可代替whom在从句中作宾语。 （4）whom指人，在从句中作宾语。它可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。 （5）whose可以指人也可以指物，在从句中作定语，意为“……的”，后面紧跟名词。当它指物时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 whose + n.= the + n. + of which = of which + the + n. 例：Please pass me the book whose cover is black. = Please pass me the book the cover of which is black = Please pass me the book of which the cover is black ※ 在限制性定语从句中，引导词that/ which/ who/ whom在从句中充当宾语时，引导词可以省略。如：
Harry Potter is the best novel I have ever read. 《哈利·波特》是我看过的最好的小说。 即境活用
1. You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station______ you can hire to reach your host family. A. which B. where C. when D. as
2. The old town has narrow streets and small houses______ are built close to each other. A. they
B. where
C. what
D. that
3. The prize will go to the writer_______ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what
2. 限定性定语从句&非限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句：1.如省去从句，主语意义不完整；2.主从句间无逗号；3.关系词见上表
18
非限定性定语从句：1.如省去从句，主语意义仍然完整；2.主从句间有逗号；3.that和why不能引导非限定性定从。 【例句】
① He has a son who likes to play football. 他有一个喜欢踢足球的儿子。（他可能还有别的孩子，不爱踢球）
② He has a son, who likes to play football. 他有一个儿子，爱踢足球。(他只有一个儿子) ※ 在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词which有时可以用来概括整个句子的意思。如： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没理解我的意思，这让我很心烦。 即境活用
1. Nowadays young people just can’t live without the Internet, ________ they depend on for whatever information they need.
A. when B. which C.where D.that
2. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
3. 介词+ 关系代词
（1）关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词可以放在关系代词之前，也可以放在从句中的动词之后；
当介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词不可省略，指人用who,指物用which； 但当介词位于从句句末时，关系代词可省略，也可以用that；
在含有介词的动词固定词组中，其介词不可前置。如：look for, take care of, look after等 例：① This is the house which/that/省略 I lived in last year. 这是我去年住过的房子
② This is the house in which I lived last year. √ This is the house in that I lived last year. ×
③ This is the house which/ that/ 省略 I am looking for. 这就是我一直在找的房子。 ※介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，关键是判断介词的选择。方法一：根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配；方法二：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。另外，介词后关系代词绝对不可使用that。
19
（2）表示整体中的部分情况：表示部分的词语＋介词（of）＋关系代词。可转换为：介词（of）＋关系代词＋表示部分的词语。表示部分的词语有：不定代词some, all, any, none, both, neither等；基数词、序数词、百分数；the＋最高级/比较级；表示数量的词语，如many, most, each, few,several等。如：
He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 他很爱自己的父母，两人对他都很好。
= He loved his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him. 即境活用
1. (10浙江高考3) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. which C.them D.those
2.（2011浙江卷8）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently. A. which
B. what
C. them
D. those
3.（2011江西卷34）She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years. A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
4. 区分that, which, who
（1)只可用that引导定语从句的情况：
a. 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, nothing, anything, none等。如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有想买的东西吗？ b. 先行词被all, few, little, no, some, every, each等修饰时。如：
I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 我读了你给我的所有的书。 c. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级，或先行词被两者修饰时。如： This is the best movie that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。如：
You are the very person that I want to talk to. 他就是我要谈话的那个人。 e. 当先行词中既有人又有物时。如：
They are talking about the things and persons that they remembered.
20
f. 在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，用that。如： who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ （2)只用which的情况：
a.引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。如：
The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 那棵老树很有名，有四百年了。
b. 介词后只用which，且不能省略。如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们自给自足。
c. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用which。如：
Is this the book that refers to the famous building which we will go to visit? 这本书是关于我们要去参观的那座有名的建筑吗？ （3)只用who的情况：
a. anyone，those, he/she/I/they 作先行词时，一般用” who ”。 如： I want to help those who are homeless. 我想帮助那些无家可归的人
b. 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用which。如：
Is this the doctor that helped the people who were injured in the accident? 这就是那位帮助在事故中受伤的人的医生吗？ 即境活用
1. I am sure she has something ___________（你可以借得）. 2. I’ve read all the books___________（不是我的）.
3. (07北京) Women____________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____________ don’t. A.who;/
B./;who
C.who;who
D./;/
4. (10山东）Wind power is an ancient source of energy_________we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
5.(10全国Ⅱ) I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 6.(10浙江高考14) _______ that’s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the
21
right direction.
A. One B. All C. Everything D. Anything
7. 这就是他要找的人。
___________________________________________. 8. 这是他读的第一本书。
___________________________________________.
5. “as” 引导的定语从句
(1) 引导限定性定语从句
as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或状语，构成the same…as, such…as, so…as等结构。如：
a. This is the same computer as I have bought. 这台计算机和我买的那台一样。 ※ 注意区别的the same…as和the same…that。试比较以下两句： This is the same computer as I have bought. 这台计算机和我买的那台一样。 This is the same computer that I have bought. 这台计算机就是我买的那台。 the same…as指的是同一类，the same…that指的是同一个。
b. I seldom give students so difficult a question as they can’t work out. 我很少给学生他们做不出来的难题。
※ 注意区别的the so/such…as和the so/such…that。试比较以下两句：
I seldom give students so difficult a question as they can’t work out. 我很少给学生他们做不出来的难题。
I seldom give students so difficult a question that they can’t work it out. 我很少给学生难题，让他们做不出来。
so/such…as引导定语从句，从句中缺少成分；so/such…that引导结果状语从句，从句中不缺成分。 即境活用
1. 这件裙子和Lucy买的那件一样。
___________________________________________.
2. He has done so much in so short a time _____________________________（几乎每个人都认
22
为这是奇迹）.
（2）引导非限定性定语从句
as 引导非限定性定语从句时，位置灵活，可位于句首，句中或句末。有“正如……”，“就像……”之意。常有以下搭配：as is known to all, as is oftern the case, as anybody can see, as (it)was pointed out / said / reported / announced, as is well－known等。如： As we all know, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。
He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘带笔了，这是常事。 即境活用
1.__________________（众所周知）, the earth circles around the sun.
2.____________________（据报道）, many people had been killed in the fighting. 3. Such signs ______ we use in the experiment __________ Greek letters. A. which; is B. as; is C. as; are D. that; are
（二）关系副词
关系副词 when where why
【例句】
① I still remember the day when / on which we first came to the school. 我仍然记得我们第一次上学的那天。
② The house where / in which I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 十年前我住的房子已经被推倒了。
③ I don't know the reason why / for which he looks unhappy today. 我不知道他今天看起来不高兴的原因。
代替功能 时间名词 地点名词 原因名词（reason） 在定从中充当的成分 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 23
1.关系副词的作用
1）when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；when＝表示时间的介词(in / at / on / during…)＋which。
2）where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，where＝表示地点的介词(in / at / on / under…)＋which。
3）why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语， why＝表示原因的介词(for)＋which。
即境活用
1.(2011江苏卷24) Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when B. where C. that D. which 2.(2011安徽卷28) Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A. when B. which
C. where
D. while
3. I can’t tell you the reason ______________（我迟到的原因）.
2. the way为先行词的定语从句。
若the way 在从句中充当方式状语，则通常由in which或that引导，通常可以省略。如： The way in which/ that/不填he answered the question was surprising. 他回答这个问题的方式是令人惊讶的。 即境活用
1. _______________ （他说话的方式）is so rude that every is mad at him. 2. Please show me the way____________（最靠近邮局）.
3. (04湖北) What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
3．situation, case, point, occasion等为先行词的定语从句。
一些特殊的先行词如situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析，作状语用where / when / 介词＋which。如：
We're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk. 我们正努力
24
做到能让双方坐下来对话。 即境活用
1.(08江西）Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers_____________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A.where
B.when
C.who
D.which
2. (09浙江) I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which
B. where
C. how
D. why
3.(09重庆) Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what C. that D. where 4. (08山东) Occasions are quite rare ______________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. A.who
B.which
C.why
D.when
4. 定语从句中的主谓一致
（1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。如： I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble. 我，你的好朋友，当你陷入困境的时候会帮你的。 （2）one of ＋ 复数名词＋ 关系代词＋ 复数动词； the only one of ＋ 复数名词＋ 关系代词＋ 单数动词。如：
Harry Potter is one of the best－sellers that are popular with teenagers. 《哈利·波特》是最受青少年欢迎的畅销书之一。
Harry Potter is the only one of the best－sellers that makes the author a billionaire. 《哈利·波特》是唯一一本让作者成为亿万富翁的畅销书。
（3）非限制性定语从句中，由关系代词as或which代替整个主句时，从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。如：
He has passed the exam, which makes us surprised. 他通过了考试，这使我们很惊讶。 Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all. 众所周知，中国发生了巨大的变化。
（4）关系代词和谓语动词之间有插入语时，谓语动词单复数要看关系代词的指代。如： To own a TV set in each family, which we think was impossible 30 years ago, now has become
25
true. 每家有台电视,30年前我们认为是不可能的，现在实现了。 即境活用
1. The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world __________________（让世人惊叹的）. 2. He is the only one of the top students __________________________（会说韩语的）. 3. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _________________（这是一次让人难以忘怀的旅行）.
（三）关系代词和关系副词的选择
1．用还原法：将先行词放入定语从句中，找到它的原有位置，判断它做什么成分以及判断先行词指人还是指物。
2．一般说来，先行词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用关系代词；作状语时，用关系副词或介词＋which；作定语时，用whose。 【例句】
① I will remember the days that/ which /省略 we spent together.我会记住我们一起度过的日子。
(把定语从句还原成we spent the days together，判断出the days作spent的宾语)
② June 7 is the day when / on which we begin to take the college entrance examination. 6月7日是我们开始高考的日子。
(把定语从句还原成we begin to take the college entrance examination on the day，判断出on the day作状语。)
③ This is the place where/ in which he worked for ten years. 这是他工作过10年的地方。 (把定语从句还原成he worked in the place for ten years，判断出in the place作状语。) ④ Please pass me the book whose cover is black. 请把黑色封面的书递给我。 (把定语从句还原成 the book’s cover is black, 判断出the book作cover的定语。) 即境活用
1.(2011浙江卷10) A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when
B. that
C. where
D. there
2. (08江苏) The Science Museum, __________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of
26
London’s tourist attractions. A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where
3. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves? —Yes, there is one point ________ we must insist on. A. why B. where C. how D./ 4. (09北京) —What do you think of teacher, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but
interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that 5.(02上海) Is this the reason ______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained
(四)定语从句与其它句型
1. 区别非限定性定语从句与并列句：关键点是看句子间是否有连词连接。有连词则是并列句；反之，则是非限定性定语从句。
即境活用
— He wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ were popular.
— It's the same with his wife. She wrote some plays, but none of ______ was a success. A. these; them B. which; which C. those; which D. which; them
2. 区别定语从句与名词性从句（同位语从句）：
同位语从句：从句“说明、解释”抽象名词；连词that引导从句时，不作从句的成分，且不可省去。
定语从句：从句“限定、修饰”先行词；引导词都要在从句中充当成分，只有在从句中作宾语时省去。
①As is known to all, the moon travels around the earth. ②That the moon travels around the earth is known to all.
27
③It is known to all that the moon travels around the earth. ④What is known to all is that the moon travels around the earth.
⑤We were very excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. 【疑难剖析】
①as引导非限制性定语从句； ②it作形式主语，that引导主语从句； ③that引导主语从句；
④what引导主语从句， that引导表语从句； ⑤that引导同位语从句。 即境活用 判断下列从句类型
1. The news he quit the job surprised me a lot. 2. The news he told me yesterday surprised me a lot. 3. Whatever you do is none of my business. 4. There is much chance A. until
Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
C. that
D.if
B.which
3. 区别定语从句与地点状语从句:关键是找有没有先行词，没有先行词是地点状语从句；反之，则是定语从句。
①When you read the book, you'd better make a mark in the place where you have any questions. ②When you read the book, you'd better make a mark where you have any questions. ③Please put the book in the place where you got it. ④Please put the book where you got it.
【疑难剖析】①定语从句修饰place; ②地点状语从句；③定语从句修饰place；④地点状语从句。 即境活用 判断下列从句类型
1. There used to be some low, deserted houses where that high building stands. 2. Put the medicine in the place where you can easily get it.
28
4. 区别定语从句与强调句:去掉it is…that/who，句子仍成立，则是强调句；反之，是定语从句
①It was this small village (where/in which) we got to know each other. ②It was in this small village that we got to know each other. ③It was in 1914 that the war broke out. ④It was 1914, when the war broke out.
【疑难剖析】①定语从句；②强调句；③强调句；④非限制性定语从句。 即境活用
1. It was April 29,2001_________Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. A. that
B. when C. since D. before
2. It was the food ____________ she bought in the farm _________________ she made a big meal.
5. 定语从句中含有插入语
①He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science. ②The Chinese government has decided to develop the west of China, which, I dare say, will benefit the people there, especially those who are still leading a poor life. 【疑难剖析】①I think作插入语；② I dare say作插入语。 即境活用
(2011北京卷26) Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,________, of course, made all the others upset.
A. who B. which C. what D. that
【专项练习】 一、单项选择
1． Barack Obama delivered a speech to 500 local youths during his visit to China，many of ________were from Fudan University and Tongji University. A．them
B．whom C．which
D．those
2．The officials have indicated that a new building will be built in 2010________can house
29
another 1,000 students.
A．when B．what C．which D．where
3． The motorcycle competition in the desert, ________lasted ten days，is over now. A．where B．it C．that D．which
4． The prices of houses，________is often reported，have been going up sharply in the past few months. A．which
B．it C．as
D．what
5． We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, ________up to half have gone to the flood--hit areas. A．of which 6.
A. until B. that C. when D. where 7.
He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of _______ had’t been cleaned for at
B．in which C．with which D．for which
The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which 8.
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 9. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 二、改写句子（把以下句子改写为定语从句）
1. Here are the farmers. They discovered the underground city last month. 2. Hangzhou is a famous city in China. Many people come to buy tea in that city. 3. She got so angry. I don’t know the reason.
4. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and remove it. You are talking to an old man.
5. The woman remembered the day. She saw Nazis burying something near her home.
Step III Summary
当堂反馈小结: 回想本节课所学内容，你学到了哪些？还有什么疑问？
30
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step IV Homework
必修2 第一单元同步测验
一、单项选择题（15%）
1．The little boy was the only one who ______ the earthquake in his village, and the government sent him to a city school after that.
A．escaped B．experienced C．survived
D．suffered
2．Leading the US women’s volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games, Lang Ping felt ______ when she saw some familiar faces. A．at home
B．at heart C．at will
D．at sight
3．Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities ______ for them. A．designed
B．designing C．to design
D．having designed
4．Bad habits are no way easy to be ______； it needs your determination. A．replaced
B．disappeared C．removed
D．gone
5．—How do you find the British Museum? —Great! It's ______worth ______. A．very; visiting
B．well; a visit C．quite; being visited
D．very much; visiting
6．The twins look so much ______ that it's hard to tell them ______. A．like; part
B．likely；partly C．alike; apart
31
D．likely; apart
7．—What do you think ______ Mr Wang? —He is ______ thought of by us. A．of; well
B．about; badly C．over; worse
D．of; good
8．He gave us a lot of help when we were in trouble, but we have nothing to give him ______. A．in danger
B．in need C．in return
D．in fact
9．Even though we have made much progress in preventing pollution, yet much ______. A．is remained to do B．remains to do C．remains to be done be done
10．E-mail，as well as telephones ________ an important part in daily communication. A．is playing B．have played
C．are playing D．play
D．is remained to
11．On catching sight of his mother, the little boy ________ his grandmother and threw himself into his mother’s arms.
A．kept away from B．broke away from C．got away with D．turned away from
12. The rain was heavy, and ________ the land was flooded. A．consequently B．however
C．whatever D．but
13．The rescuing soldiers in the helicopters ________ to land on that earthquake-stricken area, but failed again and again. A．attempted B．managed
C．succeeded D．pretended
14．—Bob, please go and buy some vegetables for me. I’m busy now. —Can you be more ________， mum? —Some tomatoes and a cabbage.
A．specific B．firm C．abstract D．complete
15．Her English composition is much too perfect. She ______ it herself, I bet. A．might have written written
16．Jenny is always absent from school, ______ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then. A．which
B．who C．that
D．what
B．can't have written C．can't write
D．must have
17．______ is no doubt ______ the amber room was lost in World War Ⅱ. A．It; that
B．It; whether C．There; that
32
D．There; whether
18．______is known to us all, America is a developed country ______ the First World. A．Which; belonged to
D．It; belonging to
B．As; belonging to C．What; belonged to
19．—Can I believe in our monitor? —______. He is honest. A．Don't worry about it B．There's no doubt about it C．That's kind of you to say so D．Just so－so
20．－Long time no see! You look well. －______. You look fine, too. A．Thanks
二、完形填空(20%)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting．It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important ___21___: giving-away makes life so much more exciting．You need not worry if you ___22___ money．
This is how I ___23___ with giving-away．If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store ___24___ to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the ___25___．If an accident takes place, the ___26___ of which I think the local police could use, I ___27___ him up and tell him about it, though I am not in ___28___ here．One discovery I made about this world is to give ___29___ getting something back, though the ___30___ often comes in an unexpected form．
One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important ___31___ letter to my home, though it was ___32___ to me at my office．I wrote the postmaster a note of ___33___．More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was ___34___．I was told at the window that there were ___35___ boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long ___36___ list．As I was about to ___37___, the postmaster appeared in the
33
B．Great C．Oh, no D．Not at all
___38___．“Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said it was．“Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office ___39___ we make one for you．You don’t know what a letter like that means to us．We usually get ___40___ but complaints．”
21．A．decision B．research C．speech D．discovery 22．A．earn B．lack C．spend D．steal 23．A．experienced
B．connected C．combined D．agreed
24．A．happens B．flashes C．sticks D．leads 25．A．postmaster
B．headmaster
C．storekeeper
D．policeman
26．A．story B．damage C．challenge D．material 27．A．call B．hold C．break D．pick 28．A．need B．trouble C．common D．charge 29．A．within 30．A．process 31．A．curious
B．without C．for D．before B．goal C．return B．immediate
C．special
D．concern D．heavy
32．A．realized B．addressed C．forgotten D．brought
33．A．invitation B．apology C．instruction D．appreciation 34．A．dealing 35．A．enough
B．providing B．some
C．operating D．starting
D．more
C．no
36．A．admitting B．relating C．examining D．waiting 37．A．leave B．shout
C．guess D．conduct
D．yard D．asif D．something
38．A．window B．doorway C．library 39．A．incase
B．nowthat C．evenif
C．nothing
40．A．anything B．everything
三、阅读理解(30%)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Since weeks ago, China has been involved a worldwide A／H 1 N 1 flu that has already killed more than 80 people in the middle of May, 2009, in Mexico and has turned into a global
34
pandemic．
The central government has asked people entering China from the virus-hit countries to report flu-like symptoms to the authorities．In an emergency notice issued on Saturday night, the country’s top quality watchdog ordered the Customs to check passengers’ temperature, too．
A Beijing airport official Li said Customs officers are on a high alert level．
“Three temperature detectors are now in operation．We’re ready with protection garments and equipment, too．Passengers flying in from Mexico and other A／H1N1 flu-hit countries are being monitored closely, ” he said．
The Ministry of Health, however, said there was no evidence to suggest that a person would contract the disease by eating pork．
Hong Kong, too, has raised its alert level against the flu to “serious”．Secretary for Food＆Health, Mr．York Chow urged people to avoid visiting places from where A／H1N1 flu cases have been reported, and said the virus would be added to Hong Kong’s list of the diseases which have been noticed．
The terrible A／H1 N1 flu has been contracted by about 4000 people in Mexico, and most of the killed were aged between 25 and 45．
The virus has also infected about 5000 people in the US．The US Center for Disease Control said this kind of virus is spreading from human to human, raising fears of a global pandemic． 41．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A／H1N1 flu killed more than 80 people． B．A／H1N1 flu is spreading from human to human． C．China has begun to take steps to prevent A／H1N1 flu． D．All the people are strongly affected by A／H1 N1 flu．
42．The underlined word “pandemic” in the first paragraph probably mean ______．
A．death
B．panic
C．enemy
D．disease
43．According to the passage, why does the flu cause global fears?
A．Because most people in the world eat pork． B．Because it’s spreading from human to human． C．Because we still don’t know the cause of it． D．Because it has infected about 5,000 people．
35
44．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．People would contract the A／H1N1 flu if they often eat pork． B．The virus of the A／H1N1 flu has infected people all over the world． C．People from A／H1N1 flu—hit countries are all forbidden to enter China． D．People should avoid visiting places where A／H1N1 flu cases have been reported．
B
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as a result of a condition known as jet lag．Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane．People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days．They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering．
Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines．They had served passengers on airplanes for five years．These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones．In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag．Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights．The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas．
The researcher took some saliva（唾液） from the women’s mouths to measure levels of a hormone （荷尔蒙） that increases during stress．He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen．And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain’s temporal lobes （脑叶）．
It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes．This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen．The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test．And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones．
The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip．He says airline workers told him their ability to remember went worse after working on planes for about four years．Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory．
Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain．They want to
36
find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory． 45．According to the text, jet lag ______．
A．can cause difficulties in speaking
B．can make people feel tired for a few months C．can be only found in flight attendants
D．can be caused by flying over several time zones
46．It can be inferred from the passage that ______．
A．scientists refuse to accept that jet lag could permanently affect memory B．scientists fear that this research is not done properly
C．memory is closely connected with the size of the brain’s right temporal lobes D．the women who were examined in the research were not healthy
47．From the result of the research we can see that ______．
A．the women who have a longer rest between long flights show better memory B．the women who fly for a short time have smaller right temporal lobes C．the women who have longer flights fail the memory test D．the women who rest more than 14 days produce less hormones
48．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
A．The cause of jet lag．
B．The way to avoid jet lag．
C
Too often we accuse others of not listening, pretending that we ourselves are faultless, yet in our hearts we know that many of the mistakes we make come about because we haven’t listened carefully enough．We get things wrong because we haven’t listened carefully enough．We get things wrong because we haven’t quite understood what someone meant when they were talking to us．Anyone who has ever taken the minutes of a long meeting will know how hard it is to remember---despite the benefit of notes---exactly what everyone said．But success depends on getting things right---and that means listening．
37
C．The importance of having enough rest after flights． D．A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain．
Listening is not the same thing as hearing; it is not an effort actively．It demands attention and concentration．It may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarification---it is always better to ask than to continue regardless and get things wrong．However, if you allow your mind to wander onto something else, even for a few minutes, you’ll miss what the speaker is saying---probably at the very moment when he or she is saying something critical．And not having heard, you won’t know you’ve missed anything until it’s too late．
The most common bad habit we have is to start thinking of what we are going to say about the subject long before the other speaker has finished．We then stop listening．Even worse, this often adds rudeness to inattentiveness, as once you have decided what to say there is a fair chance you will interrupt to say it．Good listeners don’t interrupt．In fact it is often worth explaining the main idea of what you have just been told before going on to make your own points．Nobody is offended by this and it shows that you have listened well．
Above all be patient and accept that many people are not very good communicators．It’s helpful to remember that the ways people move and position themselves while they are speaking can reveal a great deal about what they are saying．Equally important you should put yourself in the other person’s place, both intellectually and emotionally; it will help you to understand what they are getting at and form a response．But don’t be too clever．Faced with a know-all, many people keep quiet because they see no point in continuing．
49．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Don’t be too clever C．Don’t miss anything critical
B．Be a good listener． D．Think of the speaker
50．In the last paragraph, “… what they are getting at …” means ______．
A．what they imply
B．what they like
C．what they attack D．what they achieve
51．What is the writer’s opinion?
A．If you want to be a good listener, you should be very clever and emotional． B．Speakers won’t continue talking when their listeners explain what they’ve heard． C．If you don’t want to get things wrong, it’s important to be a good listener,
38
D．It’s hard to be a good listener because listening tests you on your intelligence．
52．What is the lesson we can learn from this passage?
D
I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again．There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated（支配） by men．I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting．What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes．
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom．But while earning my Ph． D．at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me．My every achievement---jobs, research papers, awards---was viewed through the lens of gender （性别） politics．So were my failures．Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus （相对于） right brain, or nature versus nurture （培育）, I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind．
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations（挑衅）: I don’t talk about that anymore．It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues．Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory．
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City．Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women．You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45．I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children．And I don’t dismiss those concerns．Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories．Instead, I have given them this: the sight of their physics professor heavily
39
A．Don’t accuse others of not listening while talking with them． B．Don’t get anything wrong if you miss what the speaker is saying． C．Listening inattentively may cost you the loss of your success．
D．Think carefully of what you’re going to say before the speaker finishes．
pregnant doing physics experiments．And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science．And that’s a sight worth talking about． 53．Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?
A．She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields． B．She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination． C．She is not good at telling stories of the kind． D．She finds space research more important．
54．From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would think the author’s failures were caused by
______．
A．the very fact that she is a woman B．her involvement in gender politics
C．her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist D．the burden she bears in a male-dominated society
55．Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?
A．Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues． B．Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence． C．Her female students can do just as well as male students． D．More female students are pursuing science than before．
56．What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（10%）
Li Hua has just come back from the US and intends to give some of his relatives mentioned in 61-65 some DVDs as gifts．He brings back six DVDs （A-F）．After the description of each person, decide which DVD is the most suitable one for the people and then mark the correct letter（A-F）on your answer sheet．There is one extra DVD, which you do not need to use．
40
A．Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation． B．Women have more barriers on their way to academic success． C．Women can balance a career in science and having a family． D．Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career．
_______61．Li Hua’s Grandfather is a fan of Jules Verne, the father of modern science fiction．He dreamed to be a hero and save people in trouble when he was young．Although he is old now, he will not miss a good science fiction movie．
_______62．Li Hua’s mother works in a primary school as an English teacher．She thought English learning should be interesting, and she often puts on some English movies in class, so students can not only learn the language but history and culture．Of course the language in the movie will not be difficult and it will be better if there is a beautiful English song in it．
_______63．Li Hua’s father is a history professor in a college．He is especially interested in the history of some foreign countries such as Egypt, Germany and the UK．Now he is preparing a lecture about the history of the UK and needs some materials．
_______64．Li Hua’s elder sister loves reading love stories ever since she was a middle school student．Now, she has just fallen in love with a good guy．They both love seeing good films, and now, of course, a film about love is their favorite．
_______65．Li Hua’s elder brother is a history lover under his father’s influence．He was fond of movies about wars in history．He has seen many movies about people struggling in Japanese or Nazis’ prisons, and he would like to see something different． A．As Far As My Feet Will Carry Me
Based on the true story of Josef Martin Bauer’s best-selling novel, this powerful movie tells
us the unbelievable journey of German soldier Clemens Forell in his dramatic escape from a Siberian（西伯利亚的） labor camp after World War II．Through the bitter cold of winter, deserted landscapes, and life－threatening adventures, Forell who was determined to return to his family makes his way, step by step, day by day, towards Persia and freedom．14,000 and 3 endless years of uncertainty later, he is finally about to reach his destination． B．The Prince of Egypt
This cartoon movie attracted audiences the world over with its fantastic artistry, timeless story and powerful music．This masterpiece became one of the top animated films of all time．The extraordinary tale of two brothers---one born of royal blood, one an orphan with a secret past---is brought to life as never before, with unforgettable characters voiced by many stars．One of the two brothers becomes the ruler of the most powerful empire on earth, the other the chosen leader of his people．What they do will forever change their lives---and the world．
41
C．The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen
A hunter, a scientist, a vampire, an invisible man, an immortal, a spy, a beast…When a
masked madman known as “The Fantom（幽灵）” tries to control the world, great adventurer Allan Quatermain sets up a team of superheroes, the likes of which mankind has never seen．Now, despite fighting their own personal demons and each other, they must join forces to save the world． D．Braveheart
This Academy Award winning film, directed by Mel Gibson, tells the story of the great
thirteenth century Scottish hero William Wallace, known to his countrymen as Braveheart．Gibson stars as Wallace, who leads the Scots to fight against the cruel English king Edward I after he suffers a personal tragedy at the hands of English soldiers．Willing to fight to the death for Scotland’s freedom, Wallace and his companions, whose faith in freedom is stronger than any English army, fight bravely with their enemy． E．The wedding Planner
Mary Fiore is the wedding planner．She’s ambitious, hard-working, extremely organized, and
she knows exactly what to do and say to make any wedding a fantastic event．But when Mary falls in love with a handsome doctor, her life is turned upside down---he’s the groom in the biggest wedding of her career! Will she help him marry his rich girlfriend, or will Mary finally get to be the bride herself? As this sweet romantic comedy proves, when it comes to love, you can never plan what’s going to happen． F．Agent Cody
Frankie Muniz and Hilary Duff star in this “clever and lively action-adventure”（Los Angeles
Times） about a junior CIA agent on a mission to save the world, stop the bad guys and win the girl’s heart…Catching your eye with cool tools, exciting special effects and the wonderful skateboard chase, Agent Cody Banks delivers great fun for the entire family．
第二卷(共35分)
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
42
处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加：在缺词处加出加一个漏字(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\\\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
It’s every student’s dream to do well in entrance examination and enter a good university．In their eyes, a good university should have a high ranking, but the employment rate of its graduates should be high．But being careful! The rate they tell you might not always be true．
The story of “bei jiuye” goes like this．One graduate was once surprised to find he gets a job from a company he never applied to, that he wasn’t even sure was a real place．For his last day of graduation ceremonies, he was surprised to come across the employment contract．
“God! At that time, I had not landed a job already, but they gave me an employment contract! I wondered what on earth signed the contract with them．” When he called to the company to check it out, no one answered．
In the end, it turned out that the college had faked the contract to make it seems like the employment rate for new graduates was higher than it actually was．By doing this, the college could build up a “good” reputation that could help them attract new students．
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李明，你发现部分同学每次遇到重要考试，都会出现一些焦虑症状。请你用英语写一封信，向某学生英文报编辑反映该问题并给这些同学提一些建议。信的内容应包括下列要点：
焦虑症状: 头晕、乏力、睡眠不好、食欲不振等 建议：1．考前制定好合适的复习计划
2．考试期间正常作息
3．睡前洗热水澡、喝热牛奶等有助于睡眠 其他建议（内容由考生自己拟定）
注意：1．根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 2．要准确使用语法和词汇；使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。
43
3．词数：120个左右。开头已给出，不计词数。 参考词汇：头晕—dizzy（adj．） Dear editor,
I’m Li Ming of Senior Three, Guangming Middle School．I’m writing to tell you about some symptoms of anxiety among us students before exams．——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
——————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
———————————————————————————————————————————
44
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容