一、英语任务型阅读
1．阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。每个选项只能用一次。
Careful and careless are as different as fire and water. But it is strange that quite a few scientists have both these qualities (品质 ). They are both careful and careless. ________. Once Newton invited a friend to dinner at home. When they were ready to eat, Newton left to get a bottle of wine (酒). ________, Newton still didn't come back. At last his friend found Newton in his lab. When Newton was going to get the bottle of wine, he suddenly had a new idea for his experiment. So he quite forgot his friend and the dinner. Another time, Newton was leading a horse up a mountain, and he held the rein(缰绳) in his hand. While he was walking along, he kept thinking about problems. ________, he found that the horse was gone.
Einstein was another example. ________. While waiting, he became lost in thought. It started to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When he took out a piece of paper to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. ________, he again forgot he was standing in the rain.
A. But after he put the paper into his pocket B. But after his friend had waited for a long time C. Once he was waiting for a friend at a bridge
D. Newton, the famous English scientist, was such a person E. When he got to the top of the mountain 【答案】 D；B；E；C；A
【解析】【分析】短文大意： 从文中举的两个例子来看，作者是想说明许多像牛顿、爱因斯坦这样的科学家都有细心和粗心的习惯．许多科学家不关心如何生活。这是因为他们太专注于自己的研究的缘故。 所给选项意思：
A. But after he put the paper into his pocket但是在他把钱放在口袋后 B. But after his friend had waited for a long time但是在他朋友等了很久后 C. Once he was waiting for a friend at a bridge一次他在桥边等一个朋友
D. Newton, the famous English scientist, was such a person牛顿，这个著名的英国科学家就是这样一个人
E. When he got to the top of the mountain当他到达山顶时
（1）根据上文 But it is strange that quite a few scientists have both these qualities (品质 ). 和下文讲的是牛顿的故事，可知此处提到科学家牛顿，故选D。
（2）根据根据 Once Newton invited a friend to dinner at home. When they were ready to eat, Newton left to get a bottle of wine (酒). Newton still didn't come back. 可知在朋友们准备吃饭时，他去拿酒了但是等了很长时间牛顿还没有回来，可知等了很久，还没有回来，故选B。
（3）根据 Another time, Newton was leading a horse up a mountain, and he held the rein(缰
绳) in his hand. While he was walking along, he kept thinking about problems. 和 he found that the horse was gone. 根据他牵着马上山，他边走边考虑问题，所以当他到达山顶时发现马不见了。故选E。
（4）根据While waiting, he became lost in thought. 当他等待时他陷入了沉思。可知此处说他在某处等待某人，故选C。
（5）根据 When he took out a piece of paper to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. 当他拿出一张纸去写下什么东西，这张纸湿了，然后他知道正在下雨，可知此处说的事和纸有关，根据 he again forgot he was standing in the rain. 句式结构，可知此处缺少从句，故选A。
【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。先弄清所给选项意思，然后阅读短文，了解短文意思，根据上下文的联系，确定文中所缺的成分，选择合适的选项放在空格处，然后将短文翻译一遍看是否通顺，最后确定正确答案。
2．任务型阅读,阅读以上内容，并完成下面调查报告。每空不超过两词。
In order to learn how the students in our school spend money, we made a survey by asking them some questions. First, we asked them how much money they spent last month. And then we asked how much money they spent on snacks, books, movies, computer games, phones, transportation and other things last month. Our maths teacher helped us make a graph（图表） of their answers as follows.
In our school, each student spent about________ yuan on average（平均）last month. According to the graph made by our________ teacher, we know how much money the students spent on different things in our school. As the graph shows, they spent most on________ , covering 22% of all. It was followed by computer games and movies. Each of them was ________ . But to our surprise, he students spent ________ on books, only 6%.
【答案】 a hundred/one hundred/100；math/maths；snacks；18%/18 percent/eighteen percent；least
【解析】【分析】文章讲了学生做了一份调查，目的是了解学生在学校里是怎样花钱。 （1）句意：在我们学校上个月平均每个学生花费大约100元。根据表格上面的内容Total one month：about 100 yuan a student，可知每个学生大约100元，故填a hundred/one hundred/100。
（2）句意：通过我们数学老师制作的这个图表。根据Our maths teacher helped us make a
graph（图表） of their answers as follows.可知图表是数学老师帮助制作的，故填math/maths。
（3）句意：正如图表所展示的，他们花费最多在零食上面，并且占了22%。根据图表百分数可知占22%的是零食，故填snacks。
（4）句意：它们每一个都是18%。根据It was followed by computer games and movies.可知讲的是电脑游戏和电影，根据图表可知是18%，故填18%/18 percent/eighteen percent。 （5）句意：令我们惊讶的是，学生们花费在读书上最少，仅仅6%。根据图表可知所有事情中读书最少，所有用least，故填least。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意读懂题意，从文中及图表仔细寻找答案。
3．根据短文理解，回答下列问题。
The Internet is becoming more and more important in our life. How much do you know about it? What is the Internet? The Internet is a large, worldwide collection of computer networks. A network is a small group of computers put together. The Internet is many different networks from (A) the world. These networks are called the Internet. Once you have learned to use the Internet, you can have a lot of interest in the World Wide Web. What is the World Wide Web?
The World Wide Web has been the most popular development of the Internet. The Web is like a big electronic book with millions of pages. These pages are called homepages. You can find information about almost anything in the world on these pages. For example, (B) you can use the Internet instead of a library to find information for your homework. You can also find information about your favourite sports or film stars, talk to your friends or even do some shopping on the Internet. Most pages have words, pictures and even sound or music.
What is e-mail? (C)电子邮件是给别人发送信息的一种方法。 It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter. If you want to send e-mails, you must have an e-mail address. This address must have letters and dots(点 ) and an ‘@’( meaning ‘at'). This is what an address looks like: Emily @ star. net. Write a message, type in the person's e-mail address, and then send the message on the Internet. People don't need to use stamps, envelopes or go to the post office since the invention of the Internet. Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!
（1）在A的空白处填入适当的词，使句意完整，上下文通顺：________ ________
（2）将(B)句译成汉语：________
（3）将(C)句译成英语：________
（4）从文中找出所给句子的同义句：Sending a letter is much slower and dearer than it.
（5）从文中找出最能表达英特网特点的句子：
【答案】 （1）all
；over
（2）你可以使用因特网为你的家庭作业查找所需资料而不用去图书馆。
（3）An e-mail is a way to send messages to others.
（4）It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.
（5）Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!
【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了互联网在我们的生活中越来越重要。你有多么了解吗?一旦你学会使用互联网，你可以有很多的兴趣在万维网，其中还介绍了万维网和电子邮件。
（1）补全单词使句子完整理解题。根据短文提示，网络是来自全世界的不同网络。故答案是all over。
（2）英汉互译题。instead of词组代替而不是；to find information目的是找到信息。故答案你可以使用因特网为你的家庭作业查找所需资料而不用去图书馆。
（3）英汉互译题。a way todosth表示做某事的一种方法；send messages to others给别人发送信息，故答案是An e-mail is a way to send messages to others。
（4）找同义句题。根据文中It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.。故答案It's much quicker and cheaper than sending a letter.发送电子邮件比发送送信便宜和快得多。 （5）找中心句题。根据文中最后一句Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!可知因特网的特点是Quick. easy and interesting--that's the Internet!
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
4．根据短文理解，回答下列问题。
Did you see snow in your hometown last winter?Did you feel it was warmer than before? \" (2)自1986年以来中国已有21个暖冬了,\" said scientists.They also said that in the past 100 years,as the global (全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74 °C ,the temperature in North
China has climbed 1.4 °C in only 50 years.
China needs to take quick (1) to cut carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) emission (排放), because it's the main reason for global warming.The good news is that China has seen the importance of going green.China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20 and pollution emission by 10 in the 11th Five-Year Plan.
Can you slow down global warming? Sure! (3)You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air. Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.
▲ Wear used clothes.Wearing your brother's,sister's or dad's old T-shirt means you save the energy.
▲ Change your light bulbs (灯泡).Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!
▲ Ride the bus.Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year.
▲ Say no to plastic bags.The next time your parents go to the market,ask them to use baskets ▲ Open a window.Don't use the air conditioner (空调),and let some fresh air in.When you have to use the conditioner,set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy
Make small changes in your daily life.Don't use paper cups,bags and boxes. It's time for all of us to do something to save the earth.
（1）在(1)空白处填入适当的词:________
（2）将(2)翻译成英文
（3）将(3)翻译成中文
（4）请在文中找出下句的同义:Remember to turn off the electrical equipment when leaving home or when they are not in use.
（5）找出能概括本文中心思想的短语：
【答案】 （1）action
（2）There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986.
（3）你和你的家人可以采取措施减少排放到空气中的二氧化碳的量。
（4）And don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use.
（5）slow down global warming.
【解析】【分析】
⑴固定搭配：take action采取行动。故填action。
⑵自从since，通常用现在完成时。有：there be句型。故译为：There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986.
⑶take steps to do sth采取措施做某事，the amount of……的量；that is sent out into the air是定语从句，修饰前面的carbon dioxide。因此本句话的意思是：你和你的家人可以采取措施减少排放到空气中的二氧化碳的量。
⑷句意：当你离开家或者电器设备不用的时候，记住关掉它们。本文中第二点建议：And don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!与此同义。
⑸本文主要谈论拯救地球，减少碳排放，延缓全球变暖的速度的办法。故第四段第一句中的slow down global warming.是本文中心。 【点评】考查对语篇的深层次理解。
5．阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答小题。
Stephen Hawking was born in England in 1942. He's one of the most famous scientists on space and time in the world. He is called the King of the Universe.
He studied math and science at Oxford University, then he became seriously ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines.
He went on to study at Cambridge University after graduating from Oxford University. In 1965, he got a Doctor's Degree of philosophy（哲学）. Because of his serious illness, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he is respected by people in the world. Then in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It was sold more than 5.5 million copies in over 33 different languages. He was once invited to China to give lectures（做演讲）. His self-confidence and humouous conversations impressed us deeply.
（1）Was Hawking born in England? (no more than 3 words)
（2）What did Hawking study at Oxford University? (no more than 3 words)
（3）When did Hawking get his Doctor's Degree of philosophy? (no more than 2 words) （4）What's the name of Hawking's first important book? (no more than 5 word)
（5）Where was Hawking once invited to give lectures? (1 word) 【答案】 （1）Yes, he was. / Yes. （2）Math and science. （3）In 1965.
（4）A Brief History of Time. （5）China.
6．根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everyone cares about his or her image(形象). What about you? ________ Have you ever done the following little things to hurt yours?
You don't let people get out of buses or elevators before you get in. It is not good to push yourself into the crowd who's trying to get out anyway. ________
You don't cover your mouth while coughing. According to Live Science, one cough can release(释放) as much as 3,000 droplets of saliva(唾沫星子),________ Covering your mouth is not a choice but an absolute must.
________ You think your music taste is great? Perfect, go to study music, to become a DJ, but please don't push your music taste onto other people.
You are rude to waiters. Imagine working for 12 hours, always on your feet, and then dealing with the most rude customers? Yeah, don't be that person who thinks waiters have to deal with your bad attitude.
Common sense not so common. ________ A. You listen to music without headphones. B. Some little things can hurt your image. C. Some serious things may hurt your image. D. And they can fly as fast as 50 miles per hour. E. Don't mind your behavior and do as you like. F. Just stand aside, let people out, and then get in. G. Please watch your behavior and be polite in public. 【答案】 B；F；D；A；G
7．阅读下面短文，完成表格。
Flying a hot air balloon is full of challenge. Do you want to fly it? If so, here is some advice for you.
Understanding the basics
Take a training course and get a license.
Know how the balloon can fly. Add propane(丙烷)to the fire to make the balloon fly. Make sure you have enough energy in the tank(箱).Check your tank at times.
Learn how to stay at a right height. Raise or lower to control directions by the wind. If you want to lower, you can pull a red rope to let the hot air out of the top of the balloon. Making preparations
You must have the necessary equipment(设备)such as a fire distinguisher(灭火器), a map and so on.
You should check the wind conditions to make sure it's safe to fly. You must know when to fly or cancel the flight.
You need several friends to help you control the balloon. They can help you pull down the basket or tie the balloon to the ground car until you are ready to fly. Flying the balloon
Write down the height and the route(路线)through the whole flight. Before you land，pay attention to the high mountains, trees，tall buildings and so on. They may be dangerous. You are never too careful. Keep calm when you have trouble. Title:________ Understanding the ★Take a training course and get a license. basics ★Have enough propane and check your tank at times. ★Stay at a right height. Pull a red rope ________you can lower the balloon. ________ ★Necessary equipment is needed. ★The wind conditions decide________ ★You need several people to help you. Flying the balloon ★Write down________and the route. ★Be careful and keep calm. 【答案】 The way to fly a hot air balloon；so that/in order that；Making preparations；when to fly or cancel；the height
8．阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。
Dumplings You need: Wrappers(饺子皮) vegetables beef salt Steps ⒈Put beef in a bowl. ⒉Cut the vegetables into small pieces with a knife. ⒊Add the vegetables to the beet. Then add a little oil and salt. ⒋Mix with chopsticks. ⒌Put a spoonful of filing(馅)in a wrapper and told the wrapper around it. ⒍Put the dumplings in the boiling water ⒎ate the dumplings out when they float(漂浮)to the surface. ⒏Put the dumplings on a plate. （1）Is the text above a menu? （2）Besides the vegetables，what else do you add to the beef? （3）How do you mix the filing?
（4）When do you take the dumplings out? （5）Where do you put the dumplings at last? 【答案】 （1）No./No, it isn't （2）A little oil and salt./Oil and salt. （3）With chopsticks./By using chopsticks. （4）When they float to the surface. （5）On a plate.
9．任务型阅读，根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺信息，每空不超过三个单词。
On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first Homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true. It's a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 countries have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020.
What's more, China is working on the new high-speed trains with the highest speed of 400km/h. It will be ready by 2020. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.
China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution(贡献)to humans，too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people，even of the people around the world.
（1）When did the C919 take off successfully for the first time？
（2）How long has it taken the scientists and researchers to make the C919？ （3）How many companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China？
（4）Are many countries planning to improve their railways with the help of China？ （5）What fields has China made great progress in according to the passage？ 【答案】 （1）On May 5th, 2017. （2）Ten years.
（3）More than 23 companies. （4）Yes, they are.
（5）Both science and technology.
【解析】【分析】主要讲了中国第一个国产喷气式客机——C919。
（1）根据第一段第一句On May 5th，2017， at Shanghai Pudong International Airport，China's first large homemade jet airliner，the C919，took off successfully for the first time可知2017年5月5日，在上海浦东国际机场，中国第一架国产大型客机C919首次成功起飞，故答案为 On May 5th ， 2017。
（2）根据第一段第二句It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true，可知科学家和研究人员花了大约十年的时间才实现这个中国梦，故答案为Ten years。
（3）根据第一段第三句 So far，more than 23 companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China可知到目前为止，已有超过23家公司从中国订购了570架C919飞机，故答案为More than 23 companies。
（4）根据第二段第三句Many countries，especially the ones in Central Asia，Southeast Asia，the Middle East and Eastern Europe，are planning to build high-speed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China可知许多国家，特别是中亚、东南亚、中东和东欧国家，正计划在中国的帮助下修建高速铁路或改善其铁路， 故答案为Yes，they are。 （5）根据第三段第一句China has made great progress in both science and technology.可知中国在科学技术方面都取得了很大的进步，故答案为Both science and technology。 【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中仔细寻找答案。
10．请先阅读下面短文掌提其大意然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中使短文意思通顺、结构完整。
Experts in nutrition(营养) suggest that we should eat at least five different kinds of vegetables and fruit a day. They are very necessary for our health and help our bodies work well. They can help reduce (减少) the risk of getting ill. There are a lot of vegetables and fruit to choose from and they taste delicious. ________
It's easy to buy our food from the local supermarket, so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own? Here are several good reasons:
________ You can pick and eat it at once. When you have tried it, you will agree that vegetables and fruit that are eaten straight from the garden taste better than anything you can buy in a supermarket.
You may want to cut down on your \"food miles\"-the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. ________ Homegrown food is likely to be healthier. Food producers often use fertilizers(化肥) and
pesticides (农药) which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different.________ You might also choose to grow some traditional vegetables and fruit. These often have more of the vitamins, minerals(矿物质) and protein(蛋白质) that keep you healthy. ________ And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony(R E). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage (排水) and a small plate under them to catch drops of water. Happy gardening!
A. Best of all, you can grow your own! B. But where to grow your own is a problem. C. That's not so good for you, or for the planet. D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh. E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy. F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat. G. So it's better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life. 【答案】 A；D；C；F；E 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍为了我们的健康，营养专家建议我们每天至少吃五种不同的蔬菜和水果。它们对我们的健康非常必要，帮助我们的身体工作良好。他们可以帮助减少生病的风险。最好自己种植的好处和在自己生产过程中控制化肥和农药。种植不受空间大小的限制。
A. Best of all, you can grow your own!最重要的是，你可以自己种植！ B. But where to grow your own is a problem.但是你自己在哪里成长是个问题 C. That's not so good for you, or for the planet.这对你，或者对这个星球都不好。 D. Food that you grow yourself is always fresh.你自己种植的食物总是新鲜的。
E. If you have a large garden, growing your own is easy.如果你有一个大花园，那么自己种就容易了。
F. You can control what goes on and into the food you eat.你可以控制你吃的食物中的食物。 G. So it's better to eat more vegetables and fruit in our daily life. 所以在我们的日常生活中多吃蔬菜和水果更好。
（1）根据下文 so why do we go to the trouble of growing our own? 可知上文应该谈到水果和蔬菜要自己种植，故选A。
（2）根据上文 Here are several good reasons: 可知总说自己种植有好的理由，下文应具体说明故选D。
（3）根据上文You may want to cut down on your \"food miles\"-the distance that a product has travelled before it reaches your kitchen. Many food packages are flown halfway across the earth. 可知水果和蔬菜在运输上的失去保鲜的意义，也会产生腐烂环境，故选C.
（4）根据上文 Food producers often use fertilizers(化肥) and pesticides (农药) which can end up in your food. If you grow your own, things are different.食品生产商经常使用化肥和农药，它们最终会进入你的食物。为了食物的健康就要控制化肥和农药进入你吃的食物， 故选F。
（5）根据下文And you can grow your own even if you only have a small backyard or a balcony(R E). Some food can grow well in pots, including lettuce, tomatoes, potatoes and carrots. You can recycle plastic bottles and cups to grow something. Just make sure there are holes for drainage (排水) and a small plate under them to catch drops of water.可知自己种植的环境可以不受空间的限制。这些都是小的空间，可知推知上文应该选择一个大的空间种植，故选E。
【点评】七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子。因此,我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断句子在文章中的位置。另外通过阅读选项。有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容