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北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高一上学期英语期末试题

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北京市海淀区2021-2022学年高一上学期英语期末试题

一、完形填空

Have you ever had a science class that you look forward to? It doesn’t happen often. But when you have a teacher like Mrs Brown, it’s more than a science class. It’s a science class where 1. is easy and fun. We don’t have to bury ourselves in a huge textbook or listen to a teacher lecture about something we don’t care about.

My experience with Mrs Brown didn’t start with my science class, but with her as my tutor (个别辅导教 I was always a 2. reader and wasn’t getting any better. My parents told me I needed to be tutored. 师).

One day after school, I went into the library with my mom for my 3. tutoring time. I had no idea who was tutoring me. My mom practically dragged me into the library. The first thing that we did was playing a game to get to know each other and get rid of our 4. . We didn’t even play a reading game.

We also went around the library and I got to pick out a book I wanted to read. She didn’t make me read a boring textbook about something I didn’t care about. I didn’t even pick a book. I selected a 5. about remote control cars. I 6 to myself, how bad could it be? I got to read about remote control cars. She told me even though I was reading a magazine, I was 7 reading. After the first magazine, she picked out a book she 8 . I would read a chapter and then she would read a chapter to me. This way I didn’t have to read for long periods of time.

As I got better and 9 at reading, I was able to read two chapters in the same amount of time as it used to take me to read one chapter.

10 is one of the most important things in high school and college to be successful. If it were not for her, I would not be the reader I am today and I thank her for that. 1.A.learning 2.A.serious 3.A.favorite 4.A.strangeness 5.A.collection 6A.turned 7A.just

B.writing B.regular B.first B.loneliness B.survey B.came B.always

C.testing C.careless C.dull C.tiredness C.newspaper C.smiled C.still

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D.listening D.weak D.long D.nervousness D.magazine D.thought D.right

8A.liked 9A.louder 10A.Co-operating 二、阅读理解

B.wrote B.happier B.Reading

C.bought C.faster C.Self-studying

D.closed D.freer D.Speaking

Welcoming New Lifestyles

Hygge has been popular in the UK for over a year. It means to create a relaxed and comfortable mood. It can be felt by relaxing activities like chatting with friends. Besides, hygge is also about learning to be happy with simple things. This really resonated (共鸣) with me. I feel stressed at home because my small flat is packed with much stuff. I decide to throw the things that don’t hold memories. Doing this would help me feel hygge. Last year, lagom, a Swedish word meaning “just the right amount”, became popular. Lagom is about seeking a balance of work and life. It’s also about living more sustainably (可持续地) by saving more energy, creating less waste and recycling more. Next year, I won’t have to 第2页,共17页

replace things so often. Plus, I keep thinking about recycling and hoping to save as much money as possible. So, I can get on board with lagom. Coming from Japan, wabi sabi is about finding beauty in imperfection. Wabi refers to the failings in the production process, which makes an object special. Sabi describes the beauty that comes with age. The tradition of wabi sabi can offer a new way to view our homes. I am a perfectionist and I keep my home tidy. But now, my girls put their toys everywhere. So, I have to see the mess and accept the imperfections. In the Japanese concept, ikigai means “a reason for being”, which can bring satisfaction and meaning to life. Many people believe ikigai can be found at what you are good at and what you love doing. For me, it is blogging. This year I can do more writing tasks that interest me. And if I notice the things that bring me no joy, I can stay away from them in the 第3页,共17页

future. Hopefully, this will help me to lead a more meaningful life. 11.If a person wants to enjoy a simple but happy life, which lifestyle is suitable? A.Hygge.

B.Lagom.

C.Wabi sabi.

D.Ikigai.

12.To live a lifestyle of wabi sabi, one has to ________. A.find beauty in his or her imperfect life B.achieve a balance between work and life C.be happy and find out the meaning of life D.throw away the useless and live a simple life

13.This passage is most likely to be read in a ________. A.research report C.product advertisement

Although growing up in a poor family in post-war 1950s, Gloria Stewart remembers her poor but kindhearted parents always had an extra setting at their table, especially at Christmas.

The warmth of her mum and dad’s welcome for poor guests at the coldest time of the year inspired the 69-year-old grandmother to spread her own seasonal joy. “Mum and dad hadn’t even got a penny,” recalls Gloria. “But it didn’t matter. They’d never turn down any homeless one who knocked on the door.”

“When I became a mum, I tried to make the festive season as special as possible. However, I once met an old lady who was spending Christmas alone in bed. It broke my heart.”

In December 2007, Gloria hosted the first Home Alone lunch after advertising to the public and receiving donations. It took a special person with a big heart and an even bigger table to invite 87 lonely old people for Christmas. Her Home Alone event has lasted up to now.

Every Christmas, Gloria wears her most sparkly dress to serve the traditional roast to every table of her smiling, grateful guests, making time to speak to as many of them as possible. After her first lunch, Gloria was

B.travel blog D.popular magazine

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nicknamed Mrs. Christmas. And now she has written a book about her extraordinary life helping bring joy to the elderly who would normally spend Christmas alone.

She wrote in her book, “When I was a child, I had few friends and I was laughed at for being so poor. So I was determined no one else should bear the loneliness and hardship I had suffered.” Having battled cancer three times, Gloria became even more determined to make sure Christmas was not clouded by sadness.

Now the Home Alone event has grown to serving turkey lunch to over 500 happy guests. The kind lady received an award from Sheffield City Council for her efforts and was praised by former Prime Minister David Cameron.

But for Gloria, the real prize comes as she watches the smiles light up the faces of her lunch guests. She says, “There really is no greater reward. Just for a few hours they escape their loneliness and are surrounded by love.” 14.The first two paragraphs intend to tell us ________. A.why Gloria had a suffering childhood B.how Gloria’s parents celebrated Christmas C.what memories Gloria had about her parents D.that Gloria was inspired by her parents’ kind act 15.What made Gloria so determined? A.Her desire for success. C.Her tough life experiences.

B.Her parents’ will.

D.Her friends’ encouragement.

16.Which would be the best title for this passage? A.A Home Alone Event

C.A Special Memory of Christmas

B.A Big-hearted Grandmother D.A Shared Christmas Dinner

As college sports continue to be hugely popular and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) brings in large amounts of money, people have restarted the debate on whether college athletes should get paid.

Supporters of the idea believe that, because college athletes are bringing in audiences, they should receive some sort of compensation (补偿). In fact, the NCAA brings in about $1 billion income a year, but college athletes

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don’t receive any of that money in the form of a paycheck. Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, either by giving them a way to begin earning money in college or requiring them to sign a contract (合同) saying they’ll stay at the university for a certain number of years while making an agreed-upon salary.

People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. Paying athletes would turn college sports into a bidding (竞拍) war, where only the richest schools could afford top athletes, and most schools would be shut out from developing a talented team. It could also harm the camaraderie within many college teams if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are.

Those against paying college athletes also believe that the athletes are receiving enough benefits already. The top athletes receive scholarships that are worth tens of thousands per year. They receive free food and textbooks, get travel bonuses and free equipment, and can use their time in college as a way to attract the attention of professional coaches. No other college students receive anywhere near as much from their schools.

While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives. College athletes have been compensated enough. Adding a salary would result in a college athletic system where only a few athletes are paid by some schools who enter bidding wars to sign them up, while most student athletics and college athletic programs suffer or even shut down for lack of money. Continuing to offer the present benefits to student athletes makes it possible for as many people to benefit from and enjoy college sports as possible.

17.It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that college athletes ________. A.have earned what they are promised B.tend to serve college longer when paid

C.should sign a contract to make an agreed-upon salary D.prefer to stay at university rather than turn professionals

18.The underlined word “camaraderie” in Paragraph 3 is similar to “________”. A.friendship

B.competition

C.spirit

D.communication

19.People against paying college athletes believe ________. A.schools would be unable to afford it B.it could be harmful to college sports

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C.no other college students receive benefits D.students would value payments over achievements

20.What is the author’s attitude towards paying college athletes? A.Uncertain. 三、七选五

They Consider Rats Lifesavers

When people hear the word “rat”, they may think of dirty animals that spread diseases. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word rat with bad expressions. For example, calling someone a rat is a big insult (侮辱) and “rat race” describes a joyless, hurried way of living.

21.

However, the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see these animals very differently. 22. Based in Tanzania, APOPO trains a kind of rats to find landmines (地雷). And the rats with their extraordinary sense of smell are very good at the job. APOPO calls their animal team Hero Rats.

Ellie Cutright is an APOPO trainer from Charleston, South Carolina. The researcher shared her very high opinions of rats in a discussion with VOA.23. “Everybody should know that these rats aren’t stupid. They’re not terrible animals. They're really intelligent and they can be trained to do some amazing things.”

Human beings have used metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats—it turns out—do it better. And they also cost less money.

24. “When the rats are working in the field and they find a landmine, they scratch (挠) on the ground and that’s how we know. We place a little marker there, and then we can go safely to remove those landmines and get rid of them.” Once trained, the rats can work in minefields in Tanzania and other countries around the world.

25. However, they still do not weigh enough to cause a landmine to explode. Cutright praises the impact of their work. “I think the work that APOPO does is really important in kind of spreading the word that rats are not just a pest. They really are heroes and they show us every day that they are worthy of that name.” A.So, rats generally are not beloved animals either in life or in the English language. B.Worldwide there are 110 million hidden landmines left over from wars. C.A rat is an animal that looks like a large mouse with a long tail. D.She wants everyone to know how useful these animals are. E.This kind of rats are large compared to other kinds of rats.

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B.Satisfied. C.Unsupportive. D.Expectant.

F.Cutright explains how the search process (过程) works. G.They consider rats “lifesavers” 四、书面表达

26.

假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你班即将为一月份过生日的同学举办集体庆祝活动。请你代表全班同学给外教 Mr Brown 写一封英文邮件,邀请他参加。内容包括: 1. 告知活动信息; 2. 询问参加意向。 注意:1. 词数 100 左右;

2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Brown,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

五、语法填空

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships. Talking online through a screen makes it harder for people to concentrate or show friendliness 27. others. As is known to all, important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people. Besides, the Internet 28. (make) people self-centred. Some people are only concerned with their online popularity. They pay too much attention to the number of “likes” or followers, 29. wouldn’t contribute to meaningful relationships. Additionally, due to lack of basis of trust, online relationships can be particularly 30. (danger) for people who are easily influenced or too

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trusting.

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Alice stood here helpless before this angry man. There was a lot more she would like to have said, 31. she knew it was useless. She turned and walked out of the study, feeling 32. (disappoint). “I am going to do something about this child.” she told 33. (her), “Although I don’t know what it will be, I shall find a way to help the child in the end.”

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴表演) classes, I was stressed. As a shy girl, I feared getting on stage. However, I knew I 34. (want) to work as a science communicator after finishing my degree, so it seemed like the perfect opportunity 35. (improve) my speaking ability and gain confidence thinking on my feet. I signed up and knew that the experience 36. (take) me well outside my comfort zone (舒适区) in the future.

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参考答案

1-10【解析】

1.

考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是一门科学课,在这里学习既简单又有趣。A.learning学习;B.writing写,C.testing测试;D.listening倾听。书写;根据后文“We don’t have to bury ourselves in a huge textbook or listen to a teacher lecture about something we don’t care about”(我们不必埋头于一本庞大的教科书中,也不必听老师讲一些我们不关心的事情)可知,此处是指在这门课上学习既简单又有趣。故选A。 2.

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我的阅读能力一直很弱,一点也没有提高。A.serious严肃的;B.regular规律的;C.careless粗心的;D.weak不擅长,(能力)弱的。根据“wasn’t getting any better”可知,此处是指阅读能力一直很弱。故选D。 3.

A.favorite最喜欢的;B.first考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一天放学后,我和妈妈第一次去图书馆上家教课。第一的;C.dull迟钝的;D.long长的。根据“I had no idea who was tutoring me”(我不知道是谁教我)可知,这是第一次家教课。故选B。 4.

考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们做的第一件事就是玩一个游戏来了解彼此,消除我们的紧张情绪。A.strangeness陌生;B.loneliness孤独,C.tiredness疲劳;D.nervousness紧张。寂寞;根据“playing a game to get to know each other”可知,此处是指两人第一次见面有些紧张尴尬,所以玩一个游戏来熟悉彼此。故选D。 5.

A.collection收集;B.survey调查;C.newspaper考查名词词义辨析。句意:我选了一本关于遥控汽车的杂志。报纸;D.magazine杂志。根据后文“She told me even though I was reading a magazine”(她告诉我,尽管我在阅读杂志)可知,此处是指挑了一本杂志。故选D。 6

turned转动;B.came来到;C.smiled微笑;D.thought考查动词词义辨析。句意:我心想,这会有多糟糕?A.思考。根据“how bad could it be”可知,此处是指“我”心里想。故选D。 7

考查副词词义辨析。句意:她告诉我,即使我在阅读杂志,我还是在阅读。A.just只是;B.always总是;

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C.still还是;D.right恰好。根据“even though I was reading a magazine”可知,此处是指“我”还是在阅读。故选C。 8

A.liked喜欢;B.wrote写;C.bought考查动词词义辨析。句意:读完第一本杂志后,她挑了一本她喜欢的书。D.closed关闭。购买;根据前文“We also went around the library and I got to pick out a book I wanted to read”(我 们还参观了图书馆,我挑选了一本我想读的书)可知,此处是指她在图书馆里挑了一本她喜欢的书。故选A。9

考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着我的阅读速度越来越快,我能够在过去阅读一章的时间内阅读两章。A.louder更大声的;B.happier更开心的;C.faster更快的;D.freer更自由的。根据“I was able to read two chapters in the same amount of time as it used to take me to read one chapter”可知,此处是指阅读速度更快。故选C。 10

A.Co-operating合作;B.Reading考查名词词义辨析。句意:阅读是高中和大学里取得成功最重要的事情之一。阅读;C.Self-studying自学;D.Speaking演讲。根据后文“If it were not for her, I would not be the reader I am today and I thank her for that”(如果没有她,我就不会成为今天的阅读者,我为此感谢她)可知,此处是指阅读是高中和大学里取得成功最重要的事情之一。故选B。 【答案】 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.D 6D 7C 8A 9C 10B

11-13【解析】

11.

细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Besides, hygge is also about learning to be happy with simple things.(此外,

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hygge也是关于学会对简单的事情感到快乐的生活方式)”可知,如果一个人想要享受简单而快乐的生活,Hygge这种生活方式会适合他。故选A。 12.

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Coming from Japan, wabi sabi is about finding beauty in imperfection. (来自日本的wabi sabi,致力于在不完美中寻找美)”可知,wabi sabi这种生活方式需要在不完美的生活中发现美。故选A。 13.

推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四种不同的生活方式,根据标题“Welcoming New Lifestyles(迎接新的生活方式)”可知,这篇文章最有可能出现在流行杂志上。故选D。 【答案】 11.A 12.A 13.D

14-16【解析】

14.

推理判断题。根据文章前两段的叙述及“The warmth of her mum and dad’s welcome for poor guests at the coldest time of the year inspired the 69-year-old grandmother to spread her own seasonal joy. (在一年中最寒冷的时候,她的父母热情地欢迎贫穷的客人,这激发了这位69岁的祖母传播自己的节日喜悦)”可知,前两段主要告诉我们Gloria Stewart的善举受到了她父母的启发。故选D。 15.

细节理解题。根据第六段第二句“So I was determined no one else should bear the loneliness and hardship I had suffered.(因此,我下定决心,任何人都不应忍受我所遭受的孤独和苦难)”和第三句“Having battled cancer three times, Gloria became even more determined to make sure Christmas was not clouded by sadness.(Gloria曾三次与癌症作斗争,她更加下定决心确保圣诞节不会被悲伤笼罩)”可知,Gloria艰苦的生活经历使得她如此坚定。故选C。 16.

主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是Gloria自2007年以来,每年都会为独自过节的老人组织Home Alone event,大家聚在一起用餐。根据“Her Home Alone event has lasted up to now.(她的Home Alone event活动一直持续(现在,Home 到现在)”及“Now the Home Alone event has grown to serving turkey lunch to over 500 happy guests.

Alone event活动已经发展到为500多名幸福的客人提供火鸡午餐)”中反复出现的“Home Alone event”可知,

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“A Home Alone Event”适合作本文的标题。故选A。 【答案】 14.D 15.C 16.A

17-20【解析】

17.

推理判断题。根据第二段“Additionally, people who believe college athletes should be paid state that paying college athletes will actually encourage them to remain in college longer and not turn professionals as quickly, (此外,那些认为应该给大学运动员发工资的人表示,给大学运动员发工资实际上会鼓励他们在大学呆得更久,而不是更快地成为专业人士)”可知,大学运动员被给予报酬后,可能倾向于继续在大学服务。故选B。 18.

词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句中的“if players become unhappy that certain teammates are making more money than they are.(如果球员对某些队友赚的钱比他们多而感到不高兴)”可推知,当队友之间因为收入不同而产生不愉快时,就会影响到团队之间的团结和友谊,由此可猜测“harm the camaraderie”中的“camaraderie”与“friendship”同义,表示“友情;同事情谊”。故选A。 19.

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“People who argue against the idea of paying college athletes believe the practice could be disastrous for college sports. (反对向大学运动员付费的人认为这种做法可能会给大学体育带来灾难)”可知,持反对意见的人们认为给大学运动员支付薪酬会对大学体育造成损害。故选B。 20.

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“While both sides have good points, it’s clear that the negatives of paying college athletes far outweigh the positives.(尽管双方都有各自的道理,但显然,给大学运动员发工资的负面影响远远大于正面影响)”可知,作者认为负面影响大于正面影响,也就是说作者不支持给大学运动员发工资。故选C。 【答案】 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C

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21-25【解析】

21.

前文“When people hear the word “rat”, they may think of dirty animals that spread diseases. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word rat with bad expressions.(当人们听到“老鼠”这个词时,他们可能会想到传播疾病的肮脏动物。如果你是一个英语学习者,你也可能会把rat这个词和不好的表达联系起来)”介绍了rat在生活和语言中都有不好的名声,A项“So, rats generally are not beloved animals either in life or in the English language.(因此,无论是在生活中还是在英语中,老鼠通常都不是受人喜爱的动物)”是对前文的总结。故选A。 22.

根据前文“However, the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see these animals very differently.(然而,非营利组织APOPO的老鼠训练员对这些动物的看法却大不相同)”可知,APOPO的训练员们不认为老鼠是不好的动物,G项“They consider rats “lifesavers”(他们视老鼠为“救星”)”进一步阐述他们对老鼠的看法,承接上文。故选G。 23.

后文Cutright所说的话“Everybody should know that these rats aren’t stupid. They’re not terrible

animals. They're really intelligent and they can be trained to do some amazing things.(每个人都应该知道这些老鼠并不愚蠢。它们不是可怕的动物。它们真的很聪明,可以训练它们做一些令人惊奇的事情)”是对D项“She wants everyone to know how useful these animals are.(她想让每个人都知道这些动物是多么有帮助)”的解释和延伸。故选D。 24.

根据后文“When the rats are working in the field and they find a landmine, they scratch (挠) on the ground and that’s how we know. We place a little marker there, and then we can go safely to remove those landmines and get rid of them.(当老鼠在野外工作时,它们发现了地雷,就会在地上抓挠,这样我们就知道了。我们在那里放置一个小标记,然后就可以安全地移除这些地雷)”可知,这里通过Cutright的叙述详细地描述了老鼠排雷工作的过程,F项“Cutright explains how the search process (过程) works.(Cutright解释了搜索过程是怎么进行的)”放在段首,引出下文。故选F。 25.

根据后文“However, they still do not weigh enough to cause a landmine to explode.(然而,它们的重量仍然不足以引爆地雷)”可知,这一句与设空处是转折关系,E项“This kind of rats are large compared to other kinds of rats.(这种老鼠比其他种类的老鼠大)”符合句意上的转折。故选E。

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【答案】 21.A 22.G 23.D 24.F 25.E

26.【参考范文】

Dear Mr Brown,

Since it has become a tradition of our class, we celebrate birthday for classmates together every month. Now it is the turn for the students who are born in January. I am writing to invite you to participate in the birthday party next Saturday.

The party will be held in our classroom at 4:00 in the afternoon. Normally, a big birthday cake is

prepared. After singing the birthday song, we share the cake. Then , we do some funny games together. What’s more, some students will show their talent of singing and dancing.

Are you available next Saturday? Will you join us for a relaxing afternoon? Please let me know.

Yours, Li Hua

27-30【解析】

27.

考查介词。句意:通过屏幕在线聊天会使人们更难集中注意力或对他人表示友好。短语show sth to sb.表示“向某人展示某物”设空处缺少介词to。故填to。 28.

考查谓语。句意:此外,互联网使人们以自我为中心。分析句子结构可知,设空处缺少谓语,根据上下文时态得知,本句为一般现在时,主语为the Internet,第三人称单数,因此可填makes;也可根据前文“While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships.”,为了前后呼应,采用情态动词“can+动词原形”的形式作谓语。故填makes/can make。 29.

考查定语从句关系词。句意:他们过于关注“点赞”或关注者的数量,这对建立有意义的关系没有帮助。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个句子,在从句中作主语,因而用which引导。

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故填which。 30.

考查形容词。句意:此外,由于缺乏信任的基础,在线关系对于那些容易受别人影响或过于信任他人的人来说尤其危险。根据句中的be particularly可知,设空处需填入形容词作表语。故填dangerous。 【答案】 27.to

28.makes/can make 29.which 30.dangerous

31-33【解析】

31.

考查连词。句意:她想说的还有很多,但她知道这是没有用的。分析句子可知,设空处前一句与后一句之间是转折关系,因而设空处需填入表示转折的连词but。故填but。 32.

考查形容词。句意:她转身走出书房,感到很沮丧。分析句子结构可知,设空处需填入形容词作feeling的表语,逻辑主语是she,指人,修饰人时用-en结尾的形容词。故填disappointed。 33.

考查反身代词。句意:她告诉自己。根据句意可知,此处需填入反身代词,her的反身代词为herself。故填herself。 【答案】 31.but 32.disappointed 33.herself

34-36【解析】

34.

考查一般过去时。句意:然而,我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者,所以这似乎是提高我的口语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。根据“I knew”可知,此处是陈述过去的事实,所以应用一般过去时。故填wanted。 35.

考查动词不定式。句意:然而,我知道我想在完成学位后成为一名科学传播者,所以这似乎是提高我的口

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语能力和获得自信的绝佳机会。名词opportunity后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to improve。 36.

考查过去将来时。句意:我报名参加了,并且知道这段经历会让我在未来远离舒适区。根据“I signed up and knew”和“in the future”可知,此处应用过去将来时。故填would take。 【答案】 34.wanted 35.to improve 36.would take

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