2005年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题
PART ONE （30 POINTS）
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1．Egypt’s very soil was born in the Nile’s annual flood; with the flood came the life-giving mud that made Egypt the granary of the ancient world.（ b ）
A．埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
B．埃及的土地就是尼罗河每年泛滥而形成的。河水泛滥带来泥沙，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
C．因为每年河水泛滥，泥沙形成了埃及的土地，万物得以生长，埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
D．万物之所以能生长，是因为埃及的土地是尼罗河每年泛滥带来的泥沙而形成的。埃及就这样成了古代世界的粮仓。
2．Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China’s GNP nearly quadruple.（ b）
A．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值翻了两番。
B．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了几番。
C．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增长了四倍。
D．自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以平均每年10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值增加到原来的四倍。
3．The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax of suffering on the farmers no longer occur. Egyptian agriculture has been transformed, and industry is benefiting from power generated by the dam. （ a ）
A．过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。
B．过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。
C．过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。
D．过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。
4．All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.（d ） A．所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。
B．正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。 C．我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常欣赏。 D．托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。
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5．I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music. （c ）
A．我不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。
B．我不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。
C．我不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏好音乐的人。
D．我特别赞扬的不是那些准备了这次盛晚宴的人，而是那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。 6．我就担心丧失机会。不抓呀，看到的机会就丢掉了，时间一晃就过去了。（ d ） A．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they will slip through our fingers, time speeds by.
B．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. Don’t seize them, they will slip through our fingers, because time speeds by.
C．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they will slip through our fingers. Now that time flies fast.
D．The only thing I worry about is that we may lose opportunities. If we don’t seize them, they will slip through our fingers as time speeds by.
7．我感谢陆登庭校长的邀请，使我有机会在这美好的金秋时节来到你们这座美国古老而又现代化的学府。（ b ）
A．I thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this old yet modern institution of the United States in this golden fall.
B．I wish to thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this old yet modern institution of the United States in this golden fall.
C．I thank President Rudenstine for inviting me to this ancient yet modern institution of the U.S. in this golden autumn.
D．I wish to thank President Rudenstine to invite me to this ancient yet modern institution of the U.S. in this golden autumn.
8．合营各方按注册资本比例分享利润和分担风险及亏损。（ a ）
A．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.
B．The parties to the venture shall divide the profits, risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.
C．The parties to the venture shall divide and enjoy the profits, share the risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital.
D．The parties to the venture shall share the profits, and divide the risks and losses in proportion to their contributions to the registered capital. 9．虽然我浑身酸痛，可是不干活儿不行呀！（ b ） A．Though I still ached all over, I must work. B．Though I still ached all over, I had to work. C．Though I still ached all over, I cannot but work. D．Though I still ached all over, but I had to work.
10．中国自20世纪60年代开始进行海洋油气资源的自营勘探和开发。（ c）
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A．Since the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own. B．Beginning from the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.
C．As early as the 1960s,China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.
D．Until the 1960s, China began to explore and exploit offshore oil and gas resources on its own.
B．Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement. 11．严复翻译的《天演论》，其原文的题目是（ c ） A．Inquiry into the Nature of Evolution B．Study of Evolution and Ethics
C．Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays D．Study of the System of Logic
12．周煦良在“翻译三论”一文中写道：直译可以分为三类，其中不包括（ c ） A．译音而不译意 B．照字面译
C．不妄改原文的字句 D．按照原文的结构或词序的翻译
13．Cicero said, “In doing so, I did not think it necessary （ a ）.” A．to translate word for word B．to preserve the general style C．to keep the force of the language D．to change the form of the original 14．不符合科技英语特点的是（ b）
A．严肃的书面语体 B．词汇含义相对单一并且固定 C．广泛使用被动语态 D．趋向于使用多重复合结构 15．一般来说，在用词方面，（ d ） A．汉语喜欢重复，英语也喜欢重复 B．汉语不怕重复，英语也不怕重复 C．英语不喜欢重复，汉语也不喜欢重复 D．英语不喜欢重复，汉语则不怕重复 PART TWO （70 POINTS）
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each) A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16．articles of association 公司章程 17．Telecommunications 电信 18．come into force生效
19．poisonous chemicals 化学毒物 20．Vatican梵蒂冈
21．the science of biotic control生物控制学 22．academic exchanges学术交流
23．weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器 24．Undermanned人员不足
25．instrument of ratification批准书
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B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26．诺贝尔奖获得者Nobel Prize winner 27．奥运会Olympic Games
28．北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlord government 29．预算budget
30．生产力 productivity productive force 31．御花园 the imperial garden 32．基金会foundation 33．渔场fishing ground
34．振兴中华 the rejuvenation of china
35．人类文明的发祥地 the cradle of human civilization
III．Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each)
A．Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36．原文：I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively. 译文：我相信中国经济管理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年计划中会有效地提到它。
37．原文：World War II was more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of market, resources and territories. 译文：第二次世界大战比第一次世界大战更复杂，那是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场资源和领土的冲突。第一次世界大战是帝国之间争夺资源 38．原文：Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750. 译文：到了1750年，进行了一场更大的空中运动。 酝酿中
39．原文：Byron’s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byron’s half-sister.
译文：拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同母异父的妹妹。 同父异母
40．原文：It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. 译文：告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二是错误本身也是教育的一个重要方面。 受教育的
41．原文：Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era.
译文：我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色没有亏欠多少现在的时代。没有受到多少现代的影响
B．Directions: Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies. Improve the given translations. Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
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译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor. 改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays. 42．原文：我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最高境界是无技巧。
译文：I’ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. On another occasion
43．原文：凤霞从1966年被迫离开舞台，后来又因病不能登台，至今已经14年之久。
译文：Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for 14 years she has not been able to perform. Since 44．原文：合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。 译文：The foreign exchange transactions of an equity joint venture shall observe the regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China. An joint venture shall handle….. in accordance with the
45．原文：老年人有长处，但也有很大的弱点——老年人容易固执，因此老年人也要有点自觉性。
译文：Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they are easy to be stubborn, for example—and they should be aware of that. Tend to be stubborn 考察容易 be inclined to \\be apt to IV．Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A．Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points) 46.
China may well be the favorite whipping boy of manufacturers in the United States these days. But in the developing world, the country is becoming the trading partner of choice, drawing in airplanes from Brazil, soybeans from Argentina and seafood from Malaysia, boosting economies and leading to new political alliances.
The growing appetite of the world’s most populous nation has made China a new source of income for the developing economies of South America and Asia.
“China’s booming imports from developing countries—especially of commodities—are not only helping growth in countries from Brazil to Africa, but are already reshaping international trade relations,”said Kenneth Rogoff, an economics professor at Harvard University.
Developed countries also are sending more goods to Chins, the world’s sixth-largest economy, with an estimated $1.334 trillion gross domestic product in 2003, according to the IMF.
B．Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points) 47．
中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承担的义务，为全球海洋开发和保护事业做出了积极贡献。
1998年是联合国确定的国际海洋年，中国政府愿借此机会介绍中国海洋事业的发展情况。
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全国2005年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A： 1．B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5. C 6. D 7.B 8.A 9. B 10. C
B： 11．C 12. C 13.A 14.B 15. D
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each) A.
16. 公司章程（仅译为“章程”意义不准确，不能得分） 17. 电讯/电信 18. 生效 19. 化学毒物/有毒化学物质 20. 梵蒂冈 21. 生物控制（科）学 22. 学术交流 23. 大规模杀伤性武器 24. 人员不足 25. 批准书 B.
26. Nobel Prize winner 27. Olympic Games 28. the Northern Warlord government 29. budget 30. productive forces/productivity 31. the imperial garden 32. foundation 33. fishing ground 34. rejuvenation of China 35. the cradle of human civilization (关键词为“cradle”，没有译出就算错) III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each) A.
36. 我相信中国经济管理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年计划中会有效的解决这个问题。（考试重点：“address”的理解和翻译）
37．第一次世界大战是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突，而第二次世界大战比第一次更复杂。（考试重点：定语从句的翻译：倒置法） 38．然而，到了1750年，一场更大的运动已经在酝酿之中。（考试重点：“in the air”的理解和翻译）
39．拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同父异母的姐姐。（考试重点：对“half-sister”及上下文的理解）
40. 告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯错误本身也是受教育的一个重要方面。（考试重点：增词：对“mistake”和“education”翻译处理）
41. 我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。（考试重点：对“owe…to…”的理解和处理） B． 42．I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.（考试重点：对“另一个地方”的翻译，一般这种情况英文说“on another occasion”）
43．Since Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for fourteen years she has not been able to perform.（考试重点：关联词，句首要用“since”，或在中间用“and”连接。）
44．An equity joint venture shall handle its foreign exchange transactions in accordance with the（考regulations on foreign exchange control of the People’s Republic of China.（考试重点：主谓搭配）
45．Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they tend to be stubborn, for example—and they should be aware of that. (Also: be apt to/inclined to)（考试重点：“容易”的译法）
IV. Paragraph Translation(30 points)
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A.
46. 参考译文：
美国的制造商当前很可能最喜欢拿中国作出气筒。但在发展中国家里，中国却日益成为首选的贸易伙伴。中国从巴西进口飞机，从阿根廷进口大豆，从马来西亚进口海鲜，一方面促进各国经济的发展，一方面形成新的政治联盟。
中国这个世界上人口最多的国家，胃口越来越大，成了南美洲和亚洲发展中经济体的新财源。
哈佛大学经济学教授肯尼思﹒罗戈夫说道：“中国从发展中国家不断扩大进口，尤其是商品进口，这不仅促进了从巴西到非洲各国的发展，而且在改变着国际贸易关系的格局。”
发达国家也把越来越多的货物销往中国。据国际货币基金组织称，中国2003年国内生产总值估计为1.334万亿美元，中国的经济在全世界占第六位。
全文共分5句。第一句2分，第2至第5句，每句3分。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：理解词义，关于“whipping boy”，译文“拿…作出气筒”或“拿…撒气”均可。若理解错误，扣2分。 第2句：理解词义，“this country”要用实称，译为“中国”，否则意义不清楚，扣1分。“economies”指“各国经济”，若只译为“经济”，有歧义，扣1分。 第3句：定语，“of the world’s most populous nation”需译为主语，否则定语太长，扣1分。“growing”可译为“appetite”的谓语，否则不顺，扣1分，“the developing economies”若译为“发展中国家”，不算错。
第4句：短语译为分句，将“China’s booming imports…”译为主谓结构，否则累赘，扣1分。说话者可以放在引语之后，不算错。 第5句：同位语需单起一句。IMF若译不出，扣1分。 B．
47．参考译文：
As a major developing country with a long coastline, China attaches great importance to marine development and protection, and takes it as the state’s development strategy. It is constantly strengthening comprehensive marine management, steadily improving its marine laws, and actively developing science, technology and education pertaining to the oceans. China has made positive contributions to international ocean development and protection by participating positively in UN marine affairs, promoting country-to-country and regional cooperation and conscientiously carrying out its obligations in this field.
The year 1998 has been designated by the United Nations as the International Ocean Year, and on this occasion the Chinese Government would like to introduce the progress of China’s work in this particular field to the world.
汉语一个句号算一句，全文共4句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：1分。可与下一句合并，也可独立成句。 第2句：5分。“海洋法律制度”如译作“marine-related laws”，不算错。如副词未译出，不算错。 第3句：5分。“国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作”如译作“cooperation between countries and regions”，不算错。如positive 和positively未译出，不算错。
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第4句：3分。“introduce”后面如无“to the end”之类的字样，扣1分。
全国2005年7月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题
第一部分 选择题 (共30分)
一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是最符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 （一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分） 1. Today has seen the practical fulfillment of the historic decision taken on 25 October 1971, when the General Assembly voted to restore to the People’s Republic of China its lawful rights in this organization.【 】
A. 今天已经目睹了1971年10月25日联合国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权时所作出的历史性决定的实施。 B. 1971年10月25日，联合国大会投票恢复了中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权，今天已经目睹了当时所作出的历史性决定的实施。 C. 1971年10月25日，当联合国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权时，它作出了一项历史性的决定，到今天已经付诸实施了。
D. 1971年10月25日联合国大会投票恢复中华人民共和国在该组织中的合法权时所作出的历史性决定，今天已经付诸实施了。
2. In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognize at the outset these points: ...【 】
A. 本着我希望成为我们这个星期会谈的特征的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：……
B. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈很有特色，在坦率的精神指引下，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：……
C. 我坦率地希望我们这个星期的会谈富有特色。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：……
D. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：……
3. The hatching larvae are parasitic, feeding on the flesh of the host.【 】 A. 幼虫在孵化过程中是寄生的，靠寄主的肉为生。 B. 孵化的幼虫是寄生的，可以给寄主提供肉类营养。 C. 孵卵的幼虫是寄生的，吃的肉来自寄主。
D. 幼虫在孵化过程中是寄生的，吃的肉来自寄主。
4. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic legislation, assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State.【 】
A. 为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于那个国家的任何人同化为本国国民。
B. 为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。
C. 为了本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将任何经常居住于那个国家的
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人变成自己的国民。
D. 为推行本公约起见，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将常居该国的所有人转化为本国国民。
5. When you are a child of the mountains yourself, you really belong to them. You need them. 【 】
A. 你要是在山里长大的，你就对山有感情，你就离不开它。 B. 你自己如果是大山之子，你就会成为其一分子。你需要它们。 C. 你要是亲自在山里长大，就会对山有归属感，就离不开它。
D. 当你自己是一个山里娃的时候，你就真正属于它们、需要它们。 6. 我的文章就像一个丑八怪，不打扮，看起来倒还顺眼些。【 】
A. My writing resembles an ugly monster, and it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.
B. My writing resembles an ugly monster, and so it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.
C. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.
D. My writing not only resembles an ugly monster, but also looks a little better without any embellishment.
7. 她不很爱说话，别人问了才回答，答得也不多。【 】 A. She said little, only answered briefly when being asked a question. B. She said little, and only to answer briefly when asked a question. C. She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question. D. She said little, only to answer briefly when asked a question.
10. 五四运动是在当时世界革命号召之下，是在俄国革命号召之下，是在列宁号召之下发生的。【 】
A. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, of the Russian Revolution and of Lenin.
B. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, at the call of the Russian Revolution and at the call of Lenin.
C. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, Russian Revolution and Lenin.
D. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the revolution of the world, of the Russian Revolution and Lenin.
(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分） 11. 将“既须求真，又须喻俗”作为对自己做翻译的要求的是【 】 A. 鸠摩罗什 B. 玄奘 C. 释道安 D. 慧远
12. Tales from Shakespeare (1807)一书的书名，林纾的译文是【 】 A. 《吟边燕语》 B. 《海外轩渠录》 C. 《贼史》 D. 《块肉余生述》 13. 鲁迅的“宁信而不顺”，是针对当时“宁顺而不信”的翻译观提出来的；“宁
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顺而不信”的提出者为【 】 A. 胡适 B. 周作人 C. 瞿秋白 D. 赵景深
14. 郭沫若认为文学翻译上所谓的“雅”，就是【 】 A. 文学价值或艺术价值比较高 B. 讲修饰 C. 高深 D. 采用汉以前的语言风格
15. Cicero’s translating of ancient Greek speeches is characterized by【 】 A. literal translation B. counting out words to the reader like coins C. translating as an orator D. translating as a poet 第二部分 非选择题 (共70分)
二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） （一）将下列词语译成中文（10分） 16. artery of communication 17. sounding-line 18. per capita
19. copyright proprietor 20. pitch lake 21. summer resort 22. BCCI 23. bell-boy 24. the Blue Nile 25. infertile eggs
（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分） 26. 巴黎和会 27. 单产 28. 梵蒂冈 29. 个人所得税 30. 可持续发展 31. 阿克苏 32. 辛亥革命 33. 专属经济区 34. 太庙 35. 落汤鸡
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分） (一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（12分） Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文：I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers. 译文：我还记得给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的小名。 37. 原文：Some girls started to dance with each other immediately; others just stood around, talking and looking.
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译文：有几个姑娘马上互相跳起舞来，有一些只是站在四周，边看边说着话儿。 38. 原文：Soon the romantic “wild west” had ceased to be. 译文：不久，这片具有浪漫气氛的“西部荒原”便停止了。
39. 原文：He would do anything he was asked to do but return to his old life.
译文：他愿意做任何他被要求做的工作，只要让他回到旧的生活里去就行。 40. 原文：Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. 译文：古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟着尼罗河很好地进入了苏丹境内。 41. 原文：As the ice is a little bit less dense than the water, so it floats. 译文：由于冰没有水那么密，所以它漂浮着。
(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（8分） Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. 改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
42. 原文：日子很快的过去了，她的做工却毫没有懈，食物不论，力气是不惜的。 译文：Time passed quickly. Her work was as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never sparing herself.
43. 原文：这里的商品真是价廉物美。
译文：Commodities here are rather cheap in price and fine in quality. 44. 原文：下雨或阴天回戏，不响锣就不给钱，是那时的规矩。
译文：If bad weather cancelled a performance, the rule in those days was: No show, no pay.
45. 原文：谁都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。
译文：Everyone knows that the Korean battlefield was rather hard. 四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分） (一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China’s GNP nearly quadruple. The rewards for the people of China are clear, most visibly in the dynamism and prosperity of Peking and the coastal cities. For the international community the most striking consequence of these changes is that China has grown to be the world’s eleventh largest economy, and is set to grow further.
China’s rapid emergence as a major world actor is a tribute to the drive and entrepreneurial spirit of her people, and more particularly to the fundamental economic reforms she has pursued over the past two decades. It is a clear testimony to the success of the open door policy led by Mr. Deng Xiaoping. (二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。惟有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。中美建交以来，我们两国人民之间的相互交流与了解在逐渐扩大和加深，但还不够。为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。
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2006年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语翻译试卷
本试卷共7页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1. Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. b A．正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。 B．蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。 C．正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。
D．蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。 2. The door opens, and who should enter but the very man we were talking of. a A．门开了，谁想到进来的正是我们刚才谈论的人。 B．门开了，除了那个我们正在谈论的人，谁应该进来?
C．门开了，谁还能进来，不就是那个我们刚才还在谈论的人嘛。 D．门开了，果然是我们刚才谈论的^．进来了。
3. It was quite a few years before Mark Twain finally finished his last novel.c A．在马克·吐温完成最后一部小说之前，已经是好几年了。 B．在马克·吐温完成最后一部小说之前，又是好几年了。 C．过了好几年，马克·吐温才终于完成最后一部小说。 D．马克·吐温完成了最后一部小说时，又过了好几年。
4. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try' to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.c
A．当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。
B．在我们不能弥合双方之问的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。
C．虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。 ’
D．虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。
5. There is no one of us but wishes to go swimming in the lake.d
A．我们没有人愿意去湖里游泳。 B．我们只有一个人想去湖里游泳。
C．我们并非人人都愿意去湖里游泳。 D．我们每一个人都想去湖里游泳。
6．中国现有宜农荒地3500万公顷，其中可开垦为耕地的约有1470万公顷。d A. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming of this, about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.
B. China now has 35 million acres of wasteland which are suitable for farming, of this about 14.7 million acres can be reclaimed.
C. China now has 35 million acres of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 14.7 million acres can be reclaimed.
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D. China now has 35 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 14.7 million hectares can be reclaimed.
7．在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。a
A. In the old society, pingju performers seldom made enough to live on, and as most were saddled with big families, their life was hard.
B. In the old society, pingju performers couldn't earn enough money to live on. Most of them were saddled with big families, their life was hard.
C. In the old society, pingju performers seldom made enough money to eat. Most of them were saddled with big families, and their life was hard.
D , In the old society, pingju performers couldn't earn enough money to eat, as most were saddled with big families, their life was hard.
8．我第一次听她在晚会上唱歌，她的歌声就深深她打动了我。b
A. Because it was the first time t heard her sing at a party, her song moved me deeply.
B. When I first heard her sing at a party, I was deeply moved. C. I first heard her singing at a party, I was deeply move&
D. Because it was the fast time I heard her sing at a party, her voice moved me deeply.
9．1995年与1949年相比，粮食总产量增长了3倍多，年均递增3.1％。a
A. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1% a year.
B. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled, comparing the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1% a year.
C. The total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled 1949, compared with its output figure, or an average increase of 3.1% a year.
D. 1995 and 1949 were in comparison that the former quadrupled the latter in terms of the total grain output fugre, or an average increase of 3.1% a year.
10．五四运动是在思想上和干部上准备了一九二一年中国共产党的成立。d
A. The May 4th Movement, both on ideology and on cadres, prepared for the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921.
B. The May 4th Movement, both in ideology and in cadres, prepared for the founding of the Communist Party of China in 1921.
C. Both on ideology and on the matter of cadres, the May 4th Movement paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921.
D. Both in ideology and in the matter of cadres, the May 4th Movement paved the way for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11．Gulliver's Travels一书，林纾译作——．a A．《海外轩渠录》 B．《吟边燕语》 C．《块肉余生述》 D．《鲁滨孙漂流记》
12．王佐良说：我们必须不断地学习，不断地——，不断地深入实践。翻译者是
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一个永恒的学生。b
A．总结规律 B．深入观察 C．探讨理论 D．交流心得
13. b said, \"I have always aimed at translating sense, not words.\"
A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. A.F. Tytler D. Theodore Savory
14．施觉怀在“翻译法律文献的几个特点”一文中指出，法律文献翻译应该体现以下三个特点：c___。
A．条理清、文字美、格式规范。 B．条理清、文字美、意思全。 C．条理清、文字明、意思全。 D．条理清、文字明、格式规范。 15．翻译较长的句子，__a_____。
A．英语主要考虑如何突出重点、 B．汉语主要考虑如何避免重复 C．英语主要考虑时间顺序 D．汉语主要考虑多用主从结构 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each) A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16. Saint Valentine's Day 17. right to know
18. the stock of foreign investment 外资存量 19. summer resort避暑 20. a breach of contract 违约 21. presidential campaign总统大选
22. advanced agrotechnology 先进的农业技术 23. economic sanctions经济制裁
24. pharaoh 法老 25. G8 Summit8国集团首脑会议
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26．互不干涉内政 non-interference in each other’s internal affairs 27．平等互利的原则
28．科教兴国 29．享受免税的优惠待遇 30．社会主义市场经济 31．完成祖国统一大业 32．七届人大第三次会议 33．合同的中止或终止 34．安理会常任理事国 35．和谐社会
26. non-interference in each other’s internal affairs 27. the principle of equality and mutual benefit 28. rejuvenate China through science and education 29. Enjoy the preferential treatment of tax exemption 30. The socialist market economy 31. achieve (the great cause of)national reunification 32. the third session of the Seventh National People’s Congress 33. the suspension or termination of the contract 34. permanent member of the Security Council 35. harmonious society
Ⅲ．Translation Improvement(20 points,2 points for each)
A．Directions：Each心the following Chinese translations has one or more inadequacies．Improve the given translations． Example：
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate． 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
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改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36．原文：A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence．The ice was broken。We al1 laughed．
译文：一阵咯咯的笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。冰打破了。大家都笑了起来。僵局打破了
37．原文：I said，I didn't know you could speak En吵shy HC laughed and said，‘‘A little bit,’’ measuring with his finger and thumb． 译文：我说：‘‘没想到你会说英语呀。” 他笑了起来，接着说：“一点点。” 一面说着，一面用食指和拇指量了量。比划 38．原文：It must be a terrific trip．He can't help but think his parents are for him．好极了、很棒的
译文：这一定是一次可怕的旅行。这就使他感到父母是支持他的。
39．原文：Following one of Paderewski's performances，a fan said to him，“I'd give my life to play like that．'’The brilliant pianist replied，‘I did．’
译文：听完帕德雷夫斯基的演奏，一位乐迷对他说：“要是能弹得像您这样，我宁愿献出我的生命。，’这位卓越的钢琴家回答道：“我已经献出过了。” 已经付出了
40．原文：He didn't remember his father who died when he Was three years old．
译文：他不记得他三岁时去世的爸爸了。他已经不记得他爸爸了。他三岁的时候她爸爸就去世了。
B．Directions：Each of the following EngLish translations has one or more inadequacies。Improve the given translations。 Example：
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essays gives me a great honor． 改译： I find it a great honor t0 write a preface to this collection of his essays. 41．原文：我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡。
译文：工was drenched from head to foot like a chicken in soup．Drowned rat
42．原文：长得好看的人不用浓妆艳抹。
译文：Physically attractive people don't need thick and colorful make-up．Heavy makeup
43．原文：正副总经理由合营各方分别担任。
译文：The general manager and vice-general manager(s)should be assumed by the respective parties to the venture．The offices of the general
44．原文：我们的信息技术取得了一个又一个辉煌胜利。
译文：Our information technology has won one brilliant victory after
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another． We have won
45．原文：我是家里的老大，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。真是一个钱撕成八辦用。 Eked out
译文：At thirteen，as the oldest child，I acted to help support the family．Each single copper had to be divided into eight pieces．
IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. Every morning as the sky brightens over the Andaman Sea, workers here set out perfect lines of white plastic chairs along the soft sand, punctuated by furled umbrellas ready to be opened as the sun begins to burn.
Nearly four months after giant waves swept more than 5,300 people to their deaths along the country's southern coast, the island of Phuket ( 普吉 ) --the crown jewel of Thailand's beach resorts-has patched and pasted itself together.
An aftershock on March 28 caused a brief scare among those who felt it, but hotels, restaurants, businesses and cruise operators say it has had virtually no long-term impact on bookings and arrivals.
Along the main shopping streets, a few workers still hammer and drill, and some vendors hang their wares in front of damaged shops. But Phuket today is almost as good as new.
All that is missing now, people on Phuket say, is the tourists.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47近二十年来的实践已充分证明，我们进行改革开放的方向是正确的，信念是坚定的，步骤是稳妥的，方式是渐进的，取得的成就是巨大的。虽然在前进中也遇到这样和那样一些困难和风险，但我们都顺利地解决了，不仅没有引起大的社会震动，而且极大地解放和发展了社会生产力，保持了社会稳定和全面进步。
现在，我们正在满怀信心地全面推进改革。中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家，应该对人类有较大的贡献。
全国2006年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A： 1．B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5. D 6. D 7.A 8.B 9. A 10. D
B： 11．A 12. B 13.B 14.C 15. A
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each) A.
16. 情人节（圣瓦伦廷节） 17. 知情权 18. 外资存量 19. 避暑胜地 20. 违约（违反合同） 21. 总统竞（大）选 22. 先进的农业技术 23. 经济制裁 24. 法老 25. 八国集团首脑会议 B.
26. non-interference in each other’s internal affairs 27. the principle of equality and mutual benefit 28. rejuvenate China through science and education 29. Enjoy the preferential treatment of tax exemption 30. The socialist market economy 31.
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achieve (the great cause of)national reunification 32. the third session of the Seventh National People’s Congress 33. the suspension or termination of the contract 34. permanent member of the Security Council 35. harmonious society III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each) A.
36. 一阵咯咯的笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。谁也不拘束了（若译为“僵局打破了”，不扣分），大家都笑了起来。（考试重点：比喻“The ice was broken”的翻译） 37．我说：“没想到你会说英语呀。”他笑了起来，用食指和拇指比划着说：“一点点。”（考试重点：“measuring”的理解和翻译）
38．这一定是一次令人激动的（或好极了的）旅行。这就使他感到父母是支持他的。（考试重点：“terrific”的理解和翻译）
39．听完帕德雷夫斯基的演奏，一位乐迷对他说：“要是能弹得像您这样，我愿意付出毕生的心血。”这位卓越的钢琴家回答道：“我已经付出了。”（考试重点：“I did”的翻译，翻译的上下文及灵活性）
40. 他已记不得他的爸爸了。他三岁的时候爸爸就去世了。（考试重点：定语从句的特殊处理） B．
41．I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.（也可译为：a drowned chicken）（考试重点：“落汤鸡”的翻译）
42．Physically attractive people don’t need heavy make-up.（考试重点：成语的翻译）
43．The offices of the general manager and vice-general manager(s) should be assumed by the respective parties to the venture.（考试重点：前后搭配，英文要加“The offices of”）
44．We have won one brilliant victory after another in information technology.（考试重点：中英两种语言差异，主谓搭配）
45．At thirteen, as the eldest child, I acted to help support the family. Each single copper had to be eked out.（考试重点：正确理解原文，翻译的变通，长序的表达） IV. Paragraph Translation(30 points) A.
46. 参考译文：
每天清晨，安达曼海的天空刚刚发亮，这里的工人就把白塑料椅子整整齐齐地摆在那柔软的沙滩上，还有一些收拢的遮阳伞散落其间，准备等太阳晒得厉害了再把它们张开。
泰国南部沿海巨浪吞噬了5，3000人的生命，此事过去已快四个月了。普吉岛----泰国海滨旅游胜地中的璀璨明珠---- 也已修缮完毕。
3月28日发生过一次余震，有人有所感觉，产生过短暂的惊慌，但据酒店、饭馆、公司、游艇业主称，这次余震对游客预订和到达几乎没有什么长远的影响。
在几条主要商业街上，仍有一些工人手持榔头和钻在那里干活儿，一些商贩也把货物挂在了破损的商店门前。但普吉岛如今几乎可以说已是焕然一新了。
普吉岛上的老百姓说，现在缺少的就是游客了。
全文共分6句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。 第1句：3分。“punctuated”的意思是“散落其间”，若理解有误，扣1分。“furled”
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从上下文可以看出其含义是“收拢的”，若理解错误，扣1分。 第2句：3分。“the country”指泰国。国名要译出，若只译作“南部沿海”，扣1分，前半句是时间状语，译文可独立成句，若不独立成句，扣1分，“patched and pasted”泛指“修缮”，若理解错误，扣1分。 第3句：3分。前半句“An aftershock…who felt it”，原文是主从复合句，要求译文用并列结构，先说发生过余震，再用“有人”引出两个并列谓语。译文若仍用主从结构，扣2分。 第4句：2分。“streets”是复数，需要“几条”之类的词来表示，如表示不清，扣1分。“hammer and drill”都是动词，若只译作“锤和钻”，扣1分。 第5句：1分。“as good as”可译作“可以说”或“和…一样”。若误译，扣1分。 第6句：2分。 “people on Phuket say”，译文要提前，否则扣1分。 B．
47．参考译文：
Practice in the last twenty years has eloquently proved that we are going in the right direction, firm in conviction, steady in our steps and gradual in our approach when carrying out the reform and opening-up and that we have achieved tremendous successes. We have overcome various difficulties and risks in the course of our advance without causing great social unrest. Rather, we have succeeded in greatly releasing and developing social productive forces and maintained social stability and an all-round progress.
We are conducting a comprehensive reform with full confidence. A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, china should make greater contributions to humanity.
汉语一个句号算一句，全文共4句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。 第1句：5分。“实践”一词，除 practice外，若译作our experience之类的字眼，不算错。这一句译文要以we作主语，若以“方向”、“信念”、“步骤”、“方式”、“成就”为主语，频繁更换主语，不合英语说法，扣3分。 第2句：5分。若出现although…but…，扣2分。“解决”一词若译作及物动词，而又无宾语，扣2分。 第3句：2分。
第4句：2分。如缺应有的冠词，酌情扣分。
全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题 课程代码：00087
(请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上)
一、 单项选择题 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
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（一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分） 1. Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. A. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随着尼罗河一直到苏丹。 c
B. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙很好地跟随着尼罗河，然后进入苏丹。 C. 尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
D. 从尼罗河到苏丹，有许多古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。
2. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. b
A. 愤怒和痛苦接连几个星期折磨着我，一种深深的无力战胜了这种激烈的斗争。
B. 几个星期以来，我又气又恨，感到非常痛苦，这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后，我感到浑身无力。
C. 愤怒和辛酸折磨着我，已经有好几个星期了，经过激烈的挣扎，我感到浑身无力。
D. 我又气又痛苦，接连几个星期都这样。这种激烈的挣扎把我折磨得一点力气都没有。
3. It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned. b
A. 这是一个老妇女，虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然个子高挑，身材匀称，当他停下转身时，目光落在她身上。
B. 他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是个年迈的妇女，她虽然受时间的煎熬显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样。
C. 他站住，转过身，定睛一看，是一个虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，仍然身材高挑，一副好模样的年迈的妇女。
D. 这是一个个子高挑，身材匀称的老妇女，但受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴，当他停下转身时，他看到了她。
4. I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
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A. 我记得儿时的名字、小草和秘密的小花。 c
B. 我记得在我儿时，我的名字是以小草和隐藏的小花命名的。 C. 我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。 D. 我记得童年时给各种小草起的名字和一些隐蔽的小花。
5. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land. d
A. 我从未听说过美国音乐在国外比国内要演奏得好。 B. 我在国外时，从未听到美国音乐比现在还要演奏得好。 C. 我从未听到过美国音乐在国外演奏得比这更好的。 D. 我在国外从未听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
6. 他在中国旅游过的地方，除了泰山以外，都是我没有到过的！ a A. In China, he has been to many places which I have never visited, with the exception of Mount Tai.
B. He had gone to many places in China, which I had never been to except Mount Tai.
C. The many places he has been to in China are what I haven’t been to apart from Mount Tai.
D. I have been to Mount Tai. But I haven’t been to many places which he has been to in China.
7. 回家的感觉真好，可以吃到妈妈亲手做的家乡菜。 d
A. I feel good to be at home. I can eat the hometown dishes my mom makes.
B. I feel so nice back home that I could eat the home dishes made by my mom.
C. It feels great to be home. I can enjoy the local dishes my mom makes. D. The feeling of going back home was really great. I can enjoy the taste of my hometown dishes cooked by mother.
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8. 中国从美国的进口额，1978年为9亿美元，到1982年增加到近30亿美元。 d
A. China’s imports from America were $900 million in 1978 and then it rose by $ 3 billion in 1982.
B. America’s imports from China jumped from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982.
C. China’s imports from America amounted from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982.
D. China’s imports from the US rose from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982.
9. 中国有12亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。 a A. China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the world’s average. B. China’s population is 1.2 billion and the natural resources on the land per head are lower than the world’s average level.
C. The 1.2 billion people in China have lower land natural resources than in the world each.
D. The land natural resources 1.2 billion Chinese have are less than the world has.
10. 最近天气暖和了，有不少人想趁周末出去走走。 b
A. It is getting warm these days. Many people want to go out for a walk on the weekend.
B. It has been getting warmer these days. Many people like to take a short trip on the weekend.
C. Recently the weather is becoming warm. Quite a few people want to go out to walk during the weekend.
D. As the climate is becoming warmer and warmer, some people want to have a walk in the weekend.
(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
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11. 对初学者来说，翻译的标准是 d A.忠实 B.文雅 C.传神 D.忠实和通顺
12．___c____不喜欢重复，如果在一句话里或相连的几句话里需要重复某个词语，则用_______来代替，或以其他手段来避免重复。 A. 汉语，名词 B. 英语， 副词 C. 英语，代词 D. 汉语，代词
13. 在“翻译三论”一文中提出“雅”应当作为“得体”来理解的是 b A. 钱钟书 B. 周煦良 C. 傅雷 D. 王佐良
14. 费道罗夫在《翻译理论概要》中提出了___a_____。 A．确切翻译的原则 B. 自由翻译的原则 C. 逐字翻译的原则 D.神似翻译原则
15. “Chinglish is the most important and difficult problem in translation” is expressed by b A. George Steiner B. Sol Adler C. Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber
二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） （一）将下列词语译成中文（10分） 16. 环境保护法 17. 工业革命 18. 淘金热 19. 旱涝两害 20. 英国科学促进协会 21. 外汇 22. 自力更生 23. 基础设施 24. 版权保护 25. 世界文化遗产
16. environmental law
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17. industrial revolution 18. the gold rush 19. floods and droughts
20. British Association for the Advancement of Science英国科学促进协会
21. foreign exchange 22. self-reliance 23. infrastructure基础设施
24. copyright protection 25. World Cultural Heritage （二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. Gross National Product (GNP) 27. welfare factory 28. war and peace 29. New democracy
30. in the early 15th century 31. children’s literature
32. two-way trade / bilateral trade 33. knowledge economy 34. individual income tax 35. developing country
26. 国民生产总值 27. 福利工厂 28. 战争与和平 29. 新民主主义 30. 十五世纪初 31. 儿童文学 32. 双边贸易 33. 知识经济
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34. 个人所得税 35. 发展中国家
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
(一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文: Chou arranged for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received.
译文：周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部，直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。
37. 原文: Brindley’s improvements were practical. 译文：布林德雷的改良是实际的。
38. 原文: The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert.
译文：公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，现在穿过庄稼地，现在像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
39. 原文: The people of the United States also have experienced the benefits of world trade.
译文：美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。 40. 原文: India is a smuggler’s delight. 译文：印度是走私者的快乐。
(二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example:
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原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. 改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 41. 原文: 过去向我们学习的人，现在反而超过了我们，这对我们确实是一种鞭策。
译文：People who had learned from us now excelled us. It was a real challenge.
42. 原文: 本公约须经签字国批准或接受。
译文：This convention should be bound by the ratification or acceptance by the signatory states. Subject to 43. 原文: 中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。
译文：China’s seas have rich seawater resources. Offshore area abound 44. 原文: 她口角边渐渐地有了笑影，脸上也白胖了。
译文：Little by little smiling appeared at the corner of her mouth, while her face became white and fat. A trace of smile whinter plumper 45. 原文: 罗马是建在七山之上的城市，拥有大小500座教堂。
译文: Rome was located on seven hills with big and small five hundred churches. 500 churches,big and small
四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分） (一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. A modern wife has now been given the choice of whether or not to stay at home and be a full-time housewife. Thirty years ago it was expected that when a girl got married she automatically stopped working to become a full-time housewife and mother. In the 1990’s, society does not expect that of woman. Women today have the freedom to continue with their careers and the freedom to choose whether or not to have children. Some couples deliberately choose not to have children in favor of pursuing interesting and well-paid careers, while others choose to have children at a much later time.
(二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
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47. 单位里有了个钱多事少离家近的工作，领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一贯清高的乌先生传达时，乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友 说：“这种事早就有内定的人选，提出申请，左右都会给领导落下话柄。三十六计，走为上计，走而不战是不算输的。”
Key to 2006-07真题
1-5 C B B C D 6-10 A D D A B 11-15 D C B A B 16. 环境保护法 17. 工业革命 18. 淘金热 19. 旱涝两害 20. 英国科学促进协会 21. 外汇 22. 自力更生 23. 基础设施 24. 版权保护 25. 世界文化遗产
26. Gross National Product (GNP) 27. welfare factory 28. war and peace 29. New democracy
30. in the early 15th century 31. children’s literature
32. two-way trade / bilateral trade 33. knowledge economy 34. individual income tax 35. developing country 36. 周恩来替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续，在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前，暂作候补党员。
37.布林德雷所作的改良是很实际的。
38.公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的，有时穿过穿过庄稼地，有时像是划的一条黑线，这边是庄稼，那边是沙漠。
39.美国人民也有得益于国际贸易的经历。 40.印度是走私者的乐园。
41. It was a real challenge that people who had learned from us now excelled us.
42. This convention should be subject to ratification or acceptance by the signatory states.
43. China’s offshore areas abound in seawater resources.
44. Little by little a trace of smile appeared at the corner of her mouth, while her face became whiter and plumper.
45. Rome was located on seven hills with 500 churches, big and small.
46. 现代生活已经赋予了人们选择是否在呆在家里做个全职太太的权利。30年前的情况是，姑娘出嫁以后，就自然而然地成为一个全职太太。但到了20世纪90年代，社会对女性的这个要求已经没有了。今天的女性既有继续工作的自由，也有选择是否生儿育女的自由。有的夫妇为了从事有趣而高薪的职业而故意不生孩子，而有的则选择晚一些时候生孩子。
2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语翻译 试卷
Ⅰ．Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each）
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A．Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.
1．I always found myself a dread of west and a love of east in Eden. d
A．我总是在自己身上找到对伊甸之西的畏惧和对伊甸之东的喜爱。 B．我总是在我内心深处找到对伊甸之西的畏惧和对伊甸之东的喜爱。 C．我发现自己身上一直有对伊甸之西的畏惧，对伊甸之东的喜爱。 D．我发现自己一直对伊甸之西怀有畏惧，而对伊甸之东怀有喜爱。 2．No man is so foolish but he may give another good counsel sometimes. c A．没有人如此愚笨，他有时也能给别人提出好的忠告。 B．没有人愚笨到偶尔也给别人提出好的忠告。 C．人再愚笨，有时也能给别人提出好的忠告。 D．偶尔愚笨的人也能给别人提出好的忠告。
3．A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. b A．最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。 B．哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。
C．最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。 D．借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。
4．A powerful indictment of America’s disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticide．especially DDT. c A．有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，《沉默的春天》主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。
B．一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，《沉默的春天》主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。 C．《沉默的春天》是对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，它主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是对滴滴涕的使用进行了控诉。 D．《沉默的春天》对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。
5．Tobacco addicts remain hopelessly blind to signs that say NO SMOKING d A．瘾君子仍然绝望地对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见。
B．瘾君子绝望了，他们对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌都视而不见了。 C．瘾君子对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见，因为他们绝望了。 D．瘾君子对那些“严禁吸烟”的布告牌视而不见，真是不可救药。
6．这些计划反映了中国人民把经济落后的中国尽快变为世界强国的决心。 a A．These plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change China as quickly as possible from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world.
B．These plans show the determination of the Chinese people as quickly as possible to change China from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world.
C．These plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change as quickly as possible China from an economically backward country into one that ranks with the foremost in the world.
D．These plans show the determination of the Chinese people to change China
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from an economically backward country into one that ranks as quickly as possible with the foremost in the world.
7．仅去年一年这个工厂的工程师和技术员就开发了不少新产品。 b
A．Lonely last year the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite an amount of new products.
B．Last year alone the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite a number of new products.
C．Last year alone the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite an amount of new products. D．Lonely last year the engineers and technicians in the factory developed quite a number of new products.
8．直到在法庭受到审讯时，他才明白了事情的真相。 c
A．It was until his trial in the court that he got to know the truth of it.
B．It was not until his trial in the court that did he get to know the truth of it. C．It was not until his trial in the court that he got to know the truth of it. D．It was until his trial in the court that did he get to know the truth of it. 9．正如一个人的伟大不在于他的身高一样，一个民族的伟大不在于人口的多少。 d
A．The greatness of a nation is no less determined by its population than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
B．The greatness of a nation is not as determined by its population as the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
C．The greatness of a nation is not determined by its population the same as the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
D．The greatness of a nation is no more determined by its population than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.
10．其实，不发达地区大都拥有丰富的资源，发展潜力很大。 b A．In fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, yet have great potentials for development. B．In fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, and have great potentials for development. C．In fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, but their development potential is very great.
D．In fact, most of the less developed areas are rich in natural resources, as their development potential is very great.
B．Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D．Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11．我国翻译事业最初是从 ___d_____ 开始的。
A．隋朝 B．唐朝 C．翻译诗经 D．翻译佛经
12．__b______ 在1954年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出：“……文学翻译是用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受。”
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A．郭沫若 B．茅盾 C．傅雷 D．王佐良
13．In his book entitled Better English G. H. Vallins says that _b______ A．“The meaning of a word is its use in the language. ” B．“Words cannot be treated in isolation. ”
C．“The meaning of the part is determined by that of the whole. ”
D．“Even with words denoting concrete things much depends on the context and on their use in the sentence. ”
14．原文：An acquaintance of history is helpful to the study of current affairs. c 译文：熟悉历史有助于研究时事。 本句中运用的主要翻译方法是：
A．增词 B．省略 C．词性转换 D．具体变抽象 15．__a_____ is a strategy in which a target text is produced which deliberately breaks target conventions by retaining something of the original. This method is “an ethno-deviant pressure on target-language culture values to register the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad” to have alien reading experience.
A．Foreignization B．Domestication C．Literal translation D．Free translation
Ⅱ．Word and Phrase Translation （20 points, 1 point for each） A．Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16．Ethiopia
17．Encyclopaedia Britannica
18．the budget for revenues and expenditures 19．investment in cash and in kind 20．multilateral principles 21．geneticist
22．self-sufficiency through self-reliance 23．diesel locomotive 柴油机车
24．aviation and marine insurance 航空和海事保险 25．appreciation of RMB 人民币升值
B．Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26．润滑油 lubrication oil 27．《世界版权公约》 universal copyright convention
28．欢迎宴会 29．欧洲联盟
30．非政府组织 31．文学流派 literature schools
32．京杭大运河 beijing-hangzhou grand canal 33．专属经济区 34．青藏铁路 35．社会保障
Ⅲ．Translation Revision （20 points, 2 points for each）
A．Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
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译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36．原文：“Truly Allah has blessed us，”Ahmed exclaimed piously．“Soil，water, sun—we can grow anything! ” 译文：“真主可真是保佑我们哪! ”阿赫迈德虔诚地说道。“土地、水、阳光——种什么都行啊! ” 有土地
37．原文：Didn’t she swear she’d never again believe anything in trousers? 译文：她不是发誓从此以后再也不相信穿裤子的家伙吗? 不相信男人了 38．原文：I know you want to be transferred to the sales department．I’ll put a bug in the boss’ear for you.
译文：我知道你想调到销售部去，我替你向老板申请一下。 向老板说说、美言几句
39．原文：The production of various electron tubes has been increased four times as against 1958.
译文：各种电子管的产量比1958年增加了四倍。 3倍
40．原文： Its implications for small and militarily weak nations cannot be over-emphasized.
译文：它对小国和军事弱国的影响不能被过分强调。 怎么过分强调都不过分
B．Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to this collection of his essay gives me a great honor. 改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to this collection of his essays. 41．原文：日子很快过去了，她的做工丝毫没有松懈，食物不论，力气是不惜的。 译文：Days passed quickly．She went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate，never sparing her strength.
42．原文：一个人的工作，究竟是三分成绩七分错误，还是七分成绩三分错误，必须有个根本的估价。
译文：We must have a fundamental evaluation of a person’s work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent，or whether his achievements amount to 70 percent and his mistakes to 30 percent. Or vice versa 反之亦然 43．原文：For my own part，I consider it as nothing less than a question of freedom or slavery.
译文：依我看来，我认为这不仅仅是一个赢得自由或者沦为奴隶的问题。要么。。。。。要么
44．原文：提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。
译文：Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land has potential. There is potential for
45．原文：中国始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，中国对外政策的最高宗旨是和平。
译文：China unswervingly pursuits an independent foreign policy of peace,
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China takes peace as the ultimate goal of its foreign policy. And takes Ⅳ．Paragraph Translation （30 points）
A．Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. （15 points） 46.
We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost’s familiar poem, they are not equally fair. The road we have long been traveling is deceptively easy, a smooth superhighway on which we progress with great speed, but at its end lies disaster. The other fork of the road—the one “less traveled by”—offers our last, our only chance to reach a destination that assures the preservation of our earth. ... ...
A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. Some are already in use and have achieved brilliant success. Others are in the stage of laboratory testing Some of the most fascinating of the new methods are those that seek to turn the strength of a species against itself.
B．Directions: Translate the folio wing passage into English. （15 points） 47．
一般地说，第一次到中国旅游应当先到北京、上海、西安等地。 北京是中国的政治文化中心，在这里你可以游览万里长城、故宫、颐和园和北海。 上海是中国最大的城市。离上海仅有一两个小时车程的苏州和杭州，是中国园林城市，被誉为“人间天堂”。
西安是古丝绸之路的起点，在中国历史上许多朝代都在此建都。秦兵马俑被誉为“世界第八大奇迹”。西安的其它名胜古迹还包括大雁塔、鼓楼和黄帝陵。
全国2007年4月自学考试英语翻译试题答案
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
A： 1．D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5. D 6. A 7.B 8.C 9. D 10. B
B： 11．D 12. B 13.B 14.C 15. A
II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1point for each) A.
16. 埃塞俄比亚 17. 大英（不列颠）百科全书 18. 收（入）支（出）预算 19. 以现金和实物进行投资 20. 多边规（原）则 21. 遗传学家 22. 通过自力（更生）实现自给（自足） 23. 柴油机车 24. 航空和海事保险 25. 人民币升值 B.
26. lubrication oil (或lubricating oil） 27. Universal Copyright Convention 28. (the) welcoming banquet 29. European Union (EU) 30. (the) non-governmental organization(s) 31. School(s) of literature (或literature school(s)) 32. Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal 33. (the) exclusive economic zones (EEZs) 34. the Qinghai-Tibet railway 35. social security
III. Translation Improvement (20 points, 2 points for each) A.
36．“真主可真是保佑我们哪！” 阿赫迈德虔诚地说道。“我们有土地、有水、有阳光----种什么都行啊！”（考试重点：增词翻译法在英译汉中的运用；若译成“土
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地、水、阳光我们都有了”不算错；或者间接地表达出“我们拥有土地、水、阳光”这一层意思的，不算错）
37．她不是发誓从此以后再也不相信男人吗？（考试重点：“in trousers”的翻译，如果译文与原文相同的形式不能表达和原文相同的内容，一般应意译。） 38．我知道你想调到销售部去，我替你向老板说说。（考试重点：对英语习语“put a bag in the boss car”的理解和翻译。若译成“替你向老板吹风/美言几句”也算对。） 39．各种电子管的产量比1958年增加了三倍。（考试重点：对英语倍数翻译方法的掌握。若译成“…是1958年的四倍”也算对。）
40．它对小国和军事弱国的影响无论怎样强调都不过分。（考试重点：对英语否定形式“cannot …too/over”的正确理解和翻译。） B． 41．Days passed quickly. She went on working as hard as ever, not caring what she ate, never sparing herself.（考试重点：“not sparing herself”本身就有“不惜力气”的意思，不能译作“not sparing her strength”。）
42．We must have a fundamental evaluation of a person’s work and establish whether his achievements amount to 30 percent and his mistakes to 70 percent, or vice versa.（考试重点：省略翻译法在句子层面上的运用。）
43．依我看来，我认为这完全是一个要么赢得自由要么沦为奴隶的问题。（考试重点：对英语“no less than…”这一特殊结构的理解和翻译。）
44．There is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.（考试重点：为避免译文出现头重脚轻的现象，用“There be…”句型调整译文的结构。） 45．Unswervingly pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China takes peace as the ultimate goal of its foreign policy.（考试重点：现在分词形式在汉译英中的应用。若译成“China unswervingly pursuits an independent foreign policy of peace and takes peace as the ultimate goal of its foreign policy”或把原句中的逗号改为句号，也算对。）
IV. Paragraph Translation(30 points) A.
46. 参考译文：
我们正处在两条道路的分叉点，但是并不像我们所熟悉的罗伯特﹒弗罗斯特诗中所说的，这两条道路是同样的好，我们一直在走的这条路表面上很好走，是一条平坦的超级公路，我们可以高速前进，但是走到尽头却要遇到灾难。另一条路，是一条“走的不多”的路，它为我们提供最后的出路，以确保我们达到保护地球的目的。
……
除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。这些方法有些已在使用，而且取得了显著的效果；有的处于试验阶段。……在这些新方法中，有一些最为神奇，如设法利用昆虫本身的力量来对付它自己。 全文共分8句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。 第1句：1分。“diverge”若理解有误，扣1分。
第2句：2.5分。“Robert Frost’s familiar poem”若译为“罗伯特﹒弗罗斯特的熟悉的诗”，扣1分，“equally fair”意思是“同样好”，若理解错误，扣1分。
第3句：2.5分。“deceptively easy”若译为“欺骗性的容易”，或类似的错误表达，
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扣1分，“lies disaster”若误译，也扣1分。
第4句：2分。“fork”是“岔路”的意思，若理解错误，扣1分，“our last, our only chance”最好像参考译文那样用重复法翻译，若表述不清，扣1分。 第5句：2分。“alternative to”若译错，扣1分。 第6句：1分。“brilliant success” 若不扣分。
第7句：1分。此句中“testing” 若译成“测试”，则扣0.5分。 第8句：2分。“to turn…against ”若误译，扣1分。 B．
47．参考译文：
Generally speaking, tourists traveling in China for the first time should visit cities like Beijng, Shanghai and Xi’an.
Beijing is the political and cultural center that offers some tourist attractions: the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace, the Summer Palace and the Beihai Park.
Shanghai is the largest city in China. One or two hours’ train ride away from it are Su Zhou and Hang Zhou, known for their gardens. The two cities are regarded by the Chinese “paradise on earth”.
Xi’an, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, was capital intermittently for many Dynasties in Chinese history. The life-size Terra-cotta Soldiers and horses of the Qin Dynasty are praised as “the Eighth Wonder of the World”. Among other interesting sites are the Great Wild Goose Pagoda. The Drum Tower and the Tomb of Huangdi (Yellow Emperor).
汉语一个句号算一句，全文共7句。满分15分，包括分句评价分14分，总体评价分1分。
第1句：2分。如果没有译出“cities like…”，扣0.5分。
第2句：3分。若没有译出“that offers some tourist attractions”而用其它表达法，只要正确，不扣分。
第3句：1分。“largest”前面若没有加“the”，扣0.5分。 第4句：2分。“train ride”若译成“bus ride”，可不扣分，“人间天堂”若没加“on earth”，扣0.5分。
第5句：2分。如没有译出“intermitter”，不扣分。
第6句：2分。“兵马俑”若没译出扣0.5分，如没译出“life-size”，可不扣分，“八大奇迹”若没译出，扣1分。
第7句：2分。风景名胜若用音译，如“大雁塔”译为“Dayan Pagoda”，不扣分。
全国2007年7月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题 课程代码：00087
将所有答案写在答题纸相应的位置上，否则不计分。
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一、 单项选择题 （本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（一）本部分共有10小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近，选择最佳译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。（20分） 1. His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake. b
A. 他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头本来会使我害怕，但他和我握手时十分热情和真挚，所以我就不害怕了。
B. 如果不是因为他那热情真挚的握手，他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头将会使我害怕。
C. 他和我握手时是那么热情，那么真挚，要不然他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头真会使我害怕呢。
D. 他那十分自信的神气和略为高傲的派头对我来说根本就没什么，因为他和我握手时是那么热情和真挚。
2. At the hotel I always finished the meal with ice cream and the girls there would laugh because I liked it so much. c
A. 在饭店里，我总是以冰激凌来完成我的用餐，那里的女孩笑我，因为我如此喜欢它。
B. 在饭店里，我总是以冰激凌来结束我的一顿饭，那里的女服务员总是笑我，因为我那么喜欢吃冰激凌。
C. 我在饭店吃饭，最后总要吃冰激凌。我吃得津津有味，惹得那些女服务员发笑。
D. 在饭店吃饭，我最后总是要吃冰激凌。那里的女孩总是要笑我，因为我吃得很香。
3. Then there is the fire season. That takes care of the property that managed to survive the deluge. a
A. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，大雨过后幸存的财物就落到它的手里。 B. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，在大雨中勉强剩下的财物在它的照顾中。 C. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，在大雨中幸存的财物安全地度过了这个季节。 D. 接下来就进入了易着火的季节，如果要想在大雨中幸免，就必须度过它。 4. The delta and the narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent of Egypt’s land but are home to 96 percent of her population. a
A. 三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。
B. 三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十
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六的人口住在这里。
C. 三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却是百分之九十六的人口的家。
D. 三角洲和到南部狭窄的尼罗河河谷共占埃及土地的百分之三，却为百分之九十六的人口提供住所。
5. Perfumes may be made from the oils of certain flowers. d A. 香味有可能是一些花的油产生的。 B. 香味有可能是一些花的油制造的。 C. 香水是可以被有些花产生的油来制造的。 D. 有些花产生的油可以用来制造香水。
6. 在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭。 b
A. In the old society, we pingju players often have not enough money to have our meals.
B. In the old society, we pingju players seldom made enough to live on. C. In the old society, we pingju players seldom earn enough money to eat well. D. In the old society, we pingju players often can not afford our meals. 7. 必须对党员特别是领导干部严格要求，严格管理，严格监督。 d
A. We must strictly require, strictly manage and strictly supervise Party members, especially leading cadres.
B. We must strictly require, manage and supervise Party members, especially leading cadres.
C. Strictly require, manage and supervise Party members, especially to leading cadres.
D. We should be strict with Party members, leading cadres in particular, and strictly manage and supervise them.
8. 正副总经理由合营各方分别担任。 a
A. The offices of general manager and vice-general manager(s) shall be assumed by the respective parties to the venture.
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B. The general manager and vice-general manager(s) are assumed by the parties to the venture respectively.
C. General and vice-general manager(s) shall be held by the respective parties of the venture.
D. The general and vice-general manager(s) are held by either of the two parties of the venture.
9. 五四运动是在当时世界革命号召之下，是在俄国革命号召之下，是在列宁号召之下发生的。 d
A. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, at the call of the Russian Revolution and at the call of Lenin.
B. The May 4th Movement happened at the call of the world revolution, at the call of the Russian Revolution and at the call of Lenin.
C. The May 4th Movement happened under the call of the world revolution, of the Russian Revolution and of Lenin.
D. The May 4th Movement came into being at the call of the world revolution, of the Russian Revolution and of Lenin.
10. 自1978年经济改革以来，中国经济以年均近10%的速度增长，使其国民生产总值几乎翻了两番。 b
A. Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China’s GNP nearly double.
B. Since economic reform began in 1978, an average growth rate of almost 10% a year has seen China’s GNP nearly quadruple.
C. Since economic reform in 1978, China’s economy grows at a rate of almost 10% a year and makes GDP nearly double.
D. Since economic reform in 1978, China’s average growth rate is almost 10% a year and has witnessed its GDP quadruple.
(二) 本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分） 11. 玄奘翻译佛经时对自己提出的要求是 b A. 信、达、雅 B. 既需求真，又须喻俗 C. 忠实、通顺 D. 宁信而不顺
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12. 讲到译诗体会时，提出译诗须像诗的是b A.鲁迅 B.王佐良 C.林纾 D.钱钟书
13. The most famous speeches of the two most eloquent Attic orators are translated by __a____, who tried to preserve the general style and force of the language. A. Cicero B. Saint Jerome C. Eugene A.Nida D. A.F. Tytler
14. In After Babel “the true road for the translator lies through paraphrase” is pointed out by a
A. George Steiner B. Saint Jerome C. A.F. Tytler D. Theodore Savory 15. 以下句子陈述正确的是 b
A. 英语句子中被动语态用得比汉语少。
B. 对某事发表评论时，英语是先评论，然后再说有关的事情或情况。 C. 英语句子叙事多靠时间顺序和逻辑顺序。 D. 英语多用意合法，联结成分并非必需。
二、 词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） （一）将下列词语译成中文（10分） 16. candidate 17. to build canals 18. wild west 19. surveyor general 20. aggregate output 21. ownership 22. registered capital 23. popular science
24. the World Health Organization
25. environmental quality assessment 环境质量评估
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（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. industrial property right 27. traffic jam
28. ecological balance / equilibrium 29. literature for the common people 30. the Palace Museum 31. joint venture 32. the silk road 33. Hope Project
34. sustainable development 35. international economic cooperation
26. 工业产权 27. 交通阻塞 28. 生态平衡 29. 平民文学 30. 故宫博物馆 31. 合营企业 32. 丝绸之路 33. 希望工程 34. 可持续发展 35. 国际经济合作
三、 改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
(一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example:
原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文: The city contains many fine examples of early Australian architecture. 译文：这个城市包含许多澳大利亚早期建筑。 精美的
37. 原文: Egypt, wrote the Greek Historian Hecataeus, is the gift of the Nile. 译文：埃及历史记载希腊史学家赫卡泰奥斯是尼罗河送来的礼物。
38. 文: Thunderstorms in spring and summer often come with intensity great enough to cause flash-flooding.
译文：春夏两季的雷雨是如此的强大，以致于马上引起水灾。
39. 文: “This is a great shame,” Angel said, to two girls near him. “Where are your men, my dears?”
译文：“这真是一种耻辱，”安吉尔对近旁的两个姑娘说。“亲爱的，你们的小伙子都到哪里去啦？” 万分可惜
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40. 原文: The Industrial Revolution is a long train of changes starting about 1760. 译文：工业革命是从1760年左右开始的一长串的变化。 一系列变革 (二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分） Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. 改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
41. 原文: 前两天有一位日本作家问我怎么同时喜欢各种流派的作家和作品呢？ 译文：
Two days ago, a Japanese author asked me how I was able to like authors and books of so many different schools. appreciate
42. 原文: 即将到来的21世纪是人类开发利用海洋的新世纪。 译文：
The coming 21st century is a new century which the mankind will have new opportunities to develop and utilize the ocean. In the coming of
43. 原文: 家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。 译文：
I was the eldest child and only thirteen and had to act to help support the family. At 13 ,as the oldest,I
44. 原文: 英语学习不应该是枯燥的死记硬背，而应该充满乐趣。 译文：
Studying English should be full of happiness, not just dry rote memorization. Should not be ,but
45. 原文: 虽然时代不同，我想历史古迹总该是依旧的吧。 译文：
Although times are different, but the historic sites, I presume， must have remained the same. 去掉 but
四、 段落翻译 （本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分） (一)将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. The world used to be simpler. It was divided into the “have” nations, and the many more “have-not” nations. Put it in another way, there was the “First World” and the “Third World”. In recent decades, many Asian countries have joined the “haves”. Certainly, by most standards, places like Japan and Singapore are rich. But just as it seems that they might relax, they are suddenly faced with a new challenge: the economic rules have changed. The emerging divide is no longer between the traditional haves and
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have-nots, but between that are wired and those that are not. Of course, the developed countries already have the edge: Singapore, with a population of 4 million, has more than 500,000 computers, while Vietnam, with 80 million people, possesses only 6,000 machines.
(二)将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 每年春季，数以万计的中外客商云集申城，参加一年一度的华东出口商品交易会。上海各类商品在这里与全国各地一比长短。上海的优势在于科技实力，因此高技术产品的出口应成为上海外贸出口增长的“排头兵”。
著名物理学家杨振宁教授曾说：“高科技战场是中国超越发达国家的主战场，也是最后的战场。”走发展高科技贸易之路，是历史的必然，也是未来的需要。 Key to Test 200707
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. 候选人 17. 开凿运河 18. 西部荒原 19. 测量总监 20. 总产量 21. 所有权 22. 注册资本 23. 科普
24. 世界卫生组织 24. 环境质量评估 26. industrial property right 27. traffic jam
28. ecological balance / equilibrium 29. literature for the common people 30. the Palace Museum 31. joint venture 32. the silk road 33. Hope Project
34. sustainable development 35. international economic cooperation 36.市区有精美的澳大利亚早期建筑物多处。
37.希腊史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。 38.春夏两季雷雨交加，猛烈异常，往往顷刻之间暴雨成灾。
39. “真是万分可惜”，安吉尔对近旁的两个姑娘说。“亲爱的，你们的小伙子都到哪里去啦？”
40. 工业革命是从1760年左右开始的一系列的变革。
41. A few days ago, a Japanese author asked me how I was able to appreciate authors and books of so many different schools.
42. In the coming 21st century, mankind will have new opportunities to develop and utilize the ocean.
43. At thirteen, as the eldest child, I acted to help support the family. 44. Learning English should not be a boring rote, but a lot of fun.
45. Although times are different, the historic sites, I presume, must have remained the same.
46． 我们这个世界以前要简单得多，只有富国和穷国之分。换句话说，只有两个世界，即：“第一世界”和“第三世界”。但在最近几十年，许多亚洲国家加入了
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富国的行列。当然，依据大部分标准，日本和新加坡等国家都是富有的国家。但就在这些国家（因加入了富国的行列而）想松口气的时候，突然面临着一个新的挑战，那就是：经济领域的游戏规则变了。划分国家的标准不再是传统意义上的“富”和“穷”，而是网络覆盖率的“高”和“低”。诚然，发达国家已经占据了优势。新加坡的人口虽然只有400万，但拥有的计算机却超过了50万台，而拥有8000万人口的越南却只有6000台。
47. Every Spring， tens of thousands of business people from home and abroad pour/swarm/flock into Shanghai to attend the annual/yearly East China Export Commodity （Trade） Fair. Here, all kinds of goods from Shanghai compete with those from other parts of china. The advantage of Shanghai lies in its scientific and technological strength, so the export of high-tech products should play a leading role in foreign trade and export.
Professor Yang Zhenning, a famous physicist, once said, “The high-tech battlefield is the main as well as the last battlefield for China to surpass the developed countries.” The development of high-tech trade is inexorable not only in history but also in the future.
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