自考英语(二)模拟试卷27(题后含答案及解析)

自考英语（二）模拟试卷27 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. 阅读判断 2. 阅读选择 3. 概括段落大意和补全句子 4. 填句补文 5. 填词补文 6. 完形补文 7. 短文写作

阅读判断

Retirement Brings Most a Big Health Boost The self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger, a new European study suggests. This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority—only 2 percent—who had experienced “ideal” conditions in their working life, anyway. “The results really say three things : that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers, that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and, finally, that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor, “ said Hugo West-erlund, lead author of a study published online Nov. 9 in The Lancet(柳叶刀). “This indicates that there is a need to provide opportunities for older workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being. “ But of course, added Westerlund, who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stockholm University in Sweden, “not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health. Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work. But sooner or later, everyone has to slow down because of old age catching up. “ Last week, the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. “Sleep improves at retirement, which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health, “ Westerlund said. This study looked at what the same 15, 000 French workers, most of them man, had to say about their own health up to seven years pre-retirement and up to seven years post-retirement. As participants got closer to retirement age, their perception of their own health declined, but went up again during the first year of retirement. Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19. 2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14. 3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers, that means post-retirement levels of poor health fell to levels last seen eight years previously. The changes were seen in both men and women, across different occupations, and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock. Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working

conditions reported greater improvements as soon as they retired, the team found.

1． Most of the newly retired feel younger and healthier than before. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：A

解析：推断关键信息。题干：大部分刚退休的人感觉比以往更年轻更缝康。根据关键词feel youngerand healthier定位至第l段“The self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feeleight years younger，a new European study suggests”一项新的欧洲调查研究表明，新退休人员对自身健康状况的评估有很大提升，他们感觉退休后年轻了八岁。判断句和原句用了近义结构，表达了

相同的信息，故此题选A。

2． Work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：A

解析：查找重要信息。题干：工作给老年员工的身体健康增加了额外负担。根据关键词extra burden定位至第3段第1句：“The results really say three things：that work puts an extra burden on the health ofolder workers，that the effects of this extra burden are…”研究结果可以说明三件事情：工作给老年员工的身体健康增

加了额外负担。故题干陈述正确，选A。

3． All of the older workers suffer from poor perceived health. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：B

解析：推断关键信息。题干：所有的老年员工对身体健康的评估都很差。文中第4段提到“not allolder workers suffer from poor perceived health．Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work．”并不是所有的老年员工都…故题干陈

述错误，选B。

4． Older workers are generally as fit for work as younger workers. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：A 解析：推断关键信息。题干：一般来说，老年员工和年轻员工一样适合工作。根据关键词fit forwork定位至第4段：“not all older workers suffer from poor perceived health．Many are indeed remark—ably healthy and fit for work．”不是所有的老年人都健康状况不佳。事实上很多老年人都非常健康，适合工作。题干陈

述正确，选A。

5． Sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health.

A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：A

解析：查找重要信息。题干：睡眠可能是工作和身体健康评估不佳之间的调节器。文中第5段提到“Sleepimproves at retirement，which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception ofpoor health，”题干陈述正确，选A。

6． Older workers usually get on very well with younger workers. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：C

解析：快速检索信息。题干：老年员工往往能与年轻员工相处融洽。文中通

篇没有提到老年员工和年轻员工的相处情况，故此题选C。

7． Europe is aging faster than most other parts of the globe. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：C

解析：快速检索信息。题干：欧洲比全球其他地方的老龄化速度都快。文中

通篇并未提到欧洲老龄化的问题，故此题选C。

8． The study analyzed the participants’ perception of their own health in a certain period.

A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：A

解析：概括段落大意。题干：该研究分析了被调查者在某一特定时期对其自身健康状况的评估。根据关键词participants和perception定位至第7段：“As participants got closer to retirement age，theirperception of their own health declined，but went up again during the first year of retirement．”被调查者对自身健康状况的评估值随着退休年龄的临近而下降，但是在退休后的第一年又再次上升。由此判断，该研究对被调查者对其健康状况的评估进行了分析，题干陈述正确，选A。

9． The participants came from various countries in Europe. A．True

B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：B

解析：推断关键信息。题干：被调查者来自欧洲不同的国家。根据关键词various countries定位至第6段第1句：This study looked at what the same 15，000 French workers…该研究对法国的15，000名工人进行了调查……，可见原句的

说法与问题句不一致，故此题选B。

10． The findings of the study apply to conditions all over the world. A．True B．假

C．Not Given

正确答案：C

解析：快速检索信息。题干：该研究结果适用于全球。文中并未提及该研究

结果是否适用于全世界，故此题选C。

阅读选择

While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men, according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductive organs)removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males. Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased opportunities for stress. It’ s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’ s just that they have so much more to cope with, says Dr. Yehuda. Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s, she observes. It’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner. Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family numbers, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating. Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better. Later her marriage ended and she became a single

mother. It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck. Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez described. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse

stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.

11． Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs? A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress. B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.

C．Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.

D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress. 正确答案：A 解析：推理判断题。文章第一段首句首先提出女性在面对压力时比男性更容易产生不良的情绪。第二段的首句跟着指出由于男女荷尔蒙激素水平不同，女性在面对压力时，体内会分泌出更多诱发不良情绪的化学物质。由此可以判断出选项A的描述是正确的。选项B描写女性承受压力没错，但是这个压力是来自于男性的，这一表述原文没有提到。选项C和文章主题观点相反。而选项D中核心人物是“男性和女性”，文章重点描写女性的情况，所以不正确。

12． Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women______. A．need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress. B．have limited capacity for tolerating stress. C．are more capable of avoiding stress. D．are exposed to more stress.

正确答案：D

解析：事实细节题。第三段中，Dr．Yehuda认为“It’s just that they have so much more to copewith，says Dr．Yehuda．”，即面对的压力更多，更容易受到影响。选项D是正确答案。选项A与Dr．Yehuda的研究无关，文章中指出女性产生某些“化学成份”而并非需要额外剂量的“化学成份”；选项B与本段原文“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s”(女性忍受压力的能

力甚至可能比男性要强)相反；而选项C与原文所说的主题有偏差。

13． According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be______. A．domestic and temporary B．irregular and violent C．durable and frequent D．trivial and random

正确答案：C

解析：事实细节题。根据文章第四段内容，Dr．Yehuda的研究结果显示，

女性面对“in more of achronic or repeated nature”(具有长期性、反复性特点)的事件易于产生压力。由这些细节描述我们可以断定，选项C对女性面对压力特点的描述是准确的。选项A中的“暂时性”和选项B中的“暴力的”均与原文对女性面对情况的描述有偏差；选项D则与文章内容没有明显关联，并且作者在

本段中并没有作出对“微不足道”事件的界定，考生们不可妄加引申。

14． The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck. “(Line 5, Para. 5)shows that.

A．Alvarez cared about nothing but making money

B．Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses C．Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs D．Alvarez paid practically everything by check

正确答案：B

解析：语义判断题。文章第五段对Alvarez的个案进行了分析。本文主题是女性比男性容易受到压力的困扰，所以文章中的所有细节、举例均会成为支持这一观点成立的有利证据，所以Alvarez的案例一定是体现了Alvarez所面临的种种压力：为了改变生活状况，Alvarez想要完成大学学业，婚姻破裂后还要抚养孩子。她不得不从事各种工作来应付衣食住行的各项花销，但生活依然捉襟见肘。显然，A、C、D选择并没有反映出文章的主题内容，仪仅是描写了Alvarez的生活方式细节，不可能成为正确答案；B选项从Alvarez的生活窘迫来体现出她压力巨大，也是本文中Alvarez的案例存在的价值和意义所在，故为正确答案。

15． Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Strain of Stress: No Way Out?

B．Responses to Stress: Gender Difference. C．Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say. D．Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress.

正确答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。文章通过分析，说明女性的生理特点和社会角色与男性有所不同，因此不得不面对由此产生的更多压力，也更容易出现压抑、焦虑等不良情绪。选项D概括了由于性别不平等，女性要面对压力的主题，因此是正确答案。本文并没有讨论到关于压力的解决方法这一层面，所以选项A与文章主旨不符；选项B中的“性别差异”与文章主题存在偏差，本文是以讨论女性为主；选项C只是强调体内化学物质与压力的关系，是细节内容，不是文章主旨，

所以不正确。

概括段落大意和补全句子

Intelligent Machines 1 Medical scientists are already putting computer chips(芯片)directly into the brain to help people who have Parkinson’ s disease, but in what other ways might computer technology be able to helpens? Ray Kurzweil is author of the successful book The Age of Intelligent

Machines and is one of the world’ s best computer research scientists. He is researching the possibilities. 2 Kurzweil gets computers to recognize voices. An example of this is Ramona, the virtual(虚拟的)hostess of Kurzweil’s homepage, who is programmed to understand what you say. Visitors to the site can have their conversations with her, and Ramona also dances and sings. 3 Kurzweil uses this technology to help people with physical disabilities. One of his ideas is a “Seeing machine”. This will be “like a friend that could describe what is going on in the visible world”, he explains. Blind people will use a visual sensor(探测器)which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses. This sensor will describe to the person everything it sees. 4 Another idea, which is likely to help deaf people, is the “listening machine”. This invention will recognize millions of words and understand any speaker. The listening machine will also be able to translate into other languages, so even people without hearing problems are likely to be interested in asing it. 5 But it is not just about helping people with disabilities. Looking further into the future, Kurz weil sees a time when we will be able to download our entire consciousness onto a computer. This technology probably won’ t be ready for at least 50 years, but when it arrives, it means our minas will be able to live forever. A. A new pair of eyes. B. Computers that can communicate. C. Everlasting consciousness on a computer. D.

Time to break off a friendship. E. An author and researcher. F. A new pair of ears.

16． Paragraph 1______

正确答案：E

解析：第1段提到Kurzweil是畅销书《智能机器时代》的作者，同时也是计算机领域的研究专家。E选项An author and researcher(作者与研究专家)与本段

内容相符，故选E。

17． Paragraph2______

正确答案：B

解析：第2段提到Kurzweil能够使电脑识别声音，从而与别人进行交流。B选项Computers thatcan communicate(能进行交流的电脑)与本段内容相符，故选B。

18． Paragraph3______

正确答案：A

解析：第3段主要是说Kurzweil利用这些技术帮助身体残疾的人，而这一段主要是说如何帮助眼睛失明的人，这种“看得见的机器”能够为失明的人描述他所看到的一切，也就相当于他获得了“一双新的眼睛”。A选项A new pair of

eyes(一双新的眼睛)意思相符，故选A。

19． Paragraph 4______

正确答案：F

解析：第4段主要是承接上一段的，是说其如何帮助耳聋的人听见东西。F

选项A new pair ofears(一对新的耳朵)意思相符，故选F。

20． Paragraph5______

正确答案：C

解析：第5段主要是说这种机器不仅仅只是帮助残疾人，从长远看来，到时我们人类的整个意识系统都会被载入到电脑里面，这样我们的思想就会永远留存了。C选项Everlasting consciousne，on acomputer, (在电脑里永远留存的思想意

识)与本段内容相符，故选C。

A. what you sayB. dances and singsC. The listening machineD. a visual sensorE.

who have disabilitiesF. living forever in a computer

21． In addition to communicate with people, Ramona also______.

正确答案：B 解析：题干：Ramona除了能与人交流，还可以唱歌、跳舞。第2段提到Kurzweil能够使电脑识别声音，以Ramona为例，他不仅能与别人进行交流，还能跳舞、

唱歌。B选项dances and sings(唱歌、跳舞)符合题意，故选B。

22． Ray Kurzweil works with computers to help people______.

正确答案：E

解析：题干：Ray Kurzweil利用电脑帮助身体残疾的人们。根据文中第3段第1句“Kurzweil usesthis technology to help people with physical disabilities”其中的“physical disabilities”，就是“身体残疾”。故选E。

23． Ramona is able to understand______.

正确答案：A 解析：题干：Ramona能够理解你所说的。根据文中第2段第2句“An example of this is Ramona．the virtual hostess of Kurzweil homepage，who is programmed to understand what you say．”故选A。

24． Blind people will be able to see the world with______.

正确答案：D

解析：题干：失明的人利用视觉传感器将能够看见这个世界。根据关键词blind people定位至文中第3段第4句“Blind people will use a visual sensor which will probably be built into a pair of sunglasses．This sensor will describe to the person

everything it sees”。故选D。

25． People without hearing problems may also be interested in using______.

正确答案：C

解析：题干：那些听力没有问题的人可能也非常感兴趣去用这种听的机器。根据文中第4段第3句The“listening machine will also be able to translate into other languages． so even people without hear—ing problems are likely to be interested in using it”。故选C。

填句补文

The First Four Minutes When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, Contact : The first four minutes , he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships :

【T1】______. A lot of people’s whole lives would change if they did just that. You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met. 【T2】______If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much. When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, “People like people who like themselves. “ On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his own needs, fears, and hopes. Hearing such advice, one might say, “But I’m not a friendly, self-confident person. That’ s not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to at that way. “ 【T3】______We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. “ But isn’ t it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don’ t actually feelthat way?Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, “total honest” is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything , and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one’s health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one’s opinions and impressions. 【T4】______For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later. The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. 【T5】______That is at least as important as how much we know. A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits. B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to

relationships with family members and friends. C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people. D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. E. He keeps looking over the other person’s shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more

interesting in another part of the room. F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.

26． 【T1】

正确答案：D

解析：句意：每次你在社交场合遇到某个人时，全神贯注地注意他四分钟。前文“he offers thisadvice…”说明Zunin博士给那些想交新朋友的人一项建议，此处正是建议的具体内容，即如D项所述，第2段第1句也有提示“give his undivided attention”。故本题选D项。

27． 【T2】

正确答案：E

解析：句意：他不停地往对方身后看，好像要在房间里找一个更有意思的人似的。前文“…doesnot give his undivided attention”提到一些人没有全神贯注地注意他初次见到的人，本处则进一步说明这种人的表现如何，而下文也明确说出这种表现让人很不喜欢，句中的this即是指代应填入的内容，故此可推断这种行

为应该是不礼貌，让人喜欢的，只有E项合适。故本题选E。

28． 【T3】

正确答案：A

解析：句意：作为回答，Zunin博士则说只要稍加练习，我们就可以改变社交习惯。前一段onemight say…提到，有人会说他本人不友好也不自信，因他本性如此，若照Zunin博士所说的去交朋友，他觉得这是不诚实。而本处下文“we call become accustomed toang changes…”明确说出我们可以习惯我们对自我个性所做的改变。所以A项合适，是Zunin博士对上文反对意见的回应，且与下文

紧密衔接。故本题选A。

29． 【T4】

正确答案：B 解析：句意：所谈到的关于陌生人之间的交往事项同样也适用于处理家庭成员之间的关系。下文提到“For a husband and a wife or a parent and child，”并说明了家人间的first four minutes，所以本处要提到关于家人的关系问题，所以B项

合适。故本题选B。

30． 【T5】

正确答案：C

解析：句意：他的观点是我们一生的成功主要依赖于如何与他人相处。前文提到Zunin博士认为需要在每所学校开设人际关系学。C项内容则进一步说明作

者的观点。故本题选C。

填词补文

If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few anti take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school【B1】______. however, has no such choice, for the job must be【B2】______on at the same time. Because we depend so【B3】______upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce【B4】______in many fields. Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, large numbers of US must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary. To【B5】______the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services. In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is【B6】______by too much emphasis on any one field. This question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative【B7】______among the natural sciences themselves. Similarly, we must have a balance between current and【B8】______knowledge. The attention of the public is【B9】______drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge ; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, 【B10】______materials that form the basis of courses for beginners. A. awardedB. heavilyC. classicalD. establishedE. systemF. defeatedG. continually H. emphasesI.

establishment J. specialists K. carried L. judge

31． 【B1】

正确答案：E

解析：空格前为“The public school”，空格后是逗号，再接“has no such choice”，句子成分完整，但是空格处并不是一个副词，否则其前后都应该有逗号。还有另外一种可能，就是空格处是一个名词，与school构成一个单数的名词短语。故选F。此处意为：“公立学校——没有这样的选择可以做(即决定是要普及基础科学教育还是要甄选出具有天赋的少数人并将他们的潜力充分挖掘出来)，对它们来说这两项工作必须同时……。”备选项中可能为单数名词的有：system、establishment、judge，将它们一一代入句中，可知system最符合。表示“公立学校系统没有这样的选择余地”。故选E。

32． 【B2】

正确答案：K

解析：空格前为“the job must be”，空格后是“on at the same time”，可见空格中的词汇应与on构成一个具有动词性质的短语，且该动词在be的后面，应为过去分词形式。 备选项中可能为动词过去分词形式的有awarded、established、defeated、carried。考虑该词要与on构成有意义的搭配，不难得出应为carried on，表示“这两项工作必须同时进行”。故选K。

33． 【B3】

正确答案：B

解析：空格前为“we depend so”，空格后是“upon science and technology”，初步判断空格中应填入表程度的副词。浏览选项中并没有．much，但有heavily。该词比副词continually更符合此处的语意，即“我们的发展高度依赖于科学技术”。故选B项。

34． 【B4】

正确答案：J

解析：空格前为we must produce，空格后是in many fields，可判断空格处应填入名词。由manyfields可知应选择复数的名词。备选项中的复数名词还有：emphases、specialists。前文提到：“因为我们的发展高度依赖于科学技术，我们必须为诸多领域培养……”可见specialists符合此处句意，表示“专家，技术人才”。故选J。

35． 【B5】

正确答案：L

解析：空格前为“be educated to understand”，“to support，and when necessary．To”，空格后是“thework of experts”。三个不定式并列出现，空格处也应填入动词原形。备选项中的动词原形有judge表示“评判”，此处意为“大部分民众就必须接受教育以理解、支持，并在必要时……专家的工作”，即对专

家的工作进行评价。故选L。

36． 【B6】

正确答案：F

解析：空格前为“Such balance is”，空格后是“by too much emphasis on any one field”。空格处应填入动词的过去分词，与is和by构成被动结构。备选项中可能为动词过去分词形式的还有awarded、established、defeated。该句意为“过分强调任何一个领域都会——这种平衡”，defeated符合句意，表示“打破”。故

选F。

37． 【B7】

正确答案：H

解析：空格前为“not only the relation of the natural sciences，the social sciences，and the arts but alsorelative”，空格后是“among the natural sciences themselves，“relative——”与“the relation”对应，因此空格处应填入名词。与relative构成一个名词短语。再由空格后的among可知，该名词为复数，表示多者。备选项中的复数名词只剩下emphases。且该词符合文意，表示对the natural

sciences内部诸多领域也要有所侧重。故选H项。

38． 【B8】

正确答案：C

解析：空格前为“we must have a balance between current and”，空格后是“knowledge”，空格处应填入形容词，与current意思相对，因为前文说的是balance between。备选项中可作为形容词的还有：awarded、classical、established。

classical“经典的”与current相对。故C为正确答案。

39． 【B9】

正确答案：G

解析：空格前为“The attention of the public is”，空格后是“drawn to new possibilities”。句子成分完整，因此应填入副词。语义判断：备选项中的副词只有continually(不断地，持续地)。前句指出：“我们必须在当代知识与经典知识之间保持平衡。公众的注意力——被科学领域里新的可能性和新知识的发现所吸引”，后句指出：“但这些不应该使我们将注意力从那些已确定的……经典知识上转移开”。故选G。

40． 【B10】

正确答案：D

解析：语法判断：空格前为“turn our attention away from the sound”和逗号，空格后是materials，可见空格处应填入一个形容词，与sound一起修饰materials。语义判断：备选项中可作为形容词的还有：awarded、established。established意为“已确立的、已证实的”，与sound意思相近，为正确答案。故选D项。

完形补文

“The Truth About Plastic” If you know where to find a good plastic-free shampoo, can you tell Jeanne Haegele? Last September, the 28-year-old Chicago resident resolved(resolve)to cut plastics out of her life. The marketing coordinator was【C1】______(concern)about what the chemicals【C2】______(leach)out of some common types of plastic might be doing to her body. She was also worried about the damage all the plastic refuse was doing to the environment. So she【C3】______(hop)on her bike and rode to the nearest grocery store to see what she could find that didn’ t include plastic. “I went in and【C4】______(bare)bought anything, “ Haegele says. She did purchase some canned food and a carton of milk—

-only to【C5】______(discover)later that both containers were lined with plastic resin. “Plastic, “ she says, “just seemed like it was in everything. “ She’s right. Back when Dustin Hoffman received the most famous one-word piece of career advice in cinema history, plastic was well on its way to【C6】______(become)a staple of American life. The U. S. produced 28 million tons of plastic waste in 2005—27 million tons of which ended up in landfills. Our food and water come wrapped in plastic. It’s used in our phones and our computers, the cars we drive and the planes we ride in. But the【C7】______(infinite)adaptable substance has its dark side. Environmentalists fret about the petroleum【C8】______(need)to make it. Parents worry about the possibility of toxic chemicals making their way from household plastic into children’s bloodstreams. Which means Haegele isn’ t the only person trying to cut plastic out of her life—she isn’t even the only one【C9】______(blog)about this kind of endeavor. But those who’ ve tried to know it’s far from easy to go plastic-free. “These things are so ubiquitous that it is practically【C10】______(possible)to avoid coming into contact with them, “ says Frederick

vom Saal, a biologist at the University of Missouri.

41． 【C1】

正确答案：concerned 42． 【C2】

正确答案：leaching 43． 【C3】

正确答案：hopped 44． 【C4】

正确答案：barely 45． 【C5】

正确答案：discover 46． 【C6】

正确答案：becoming 47． 【C7】

正确答案：infinitely 48． 【C8】

正确答案：needed 49． 【C9】

正确答案：blogging 50． 【C10】

正确答案：impossible

短文写作

51． 在追求个人成功的过程中，我们离不开团队合作。因为，没有一个人是万能的，即使神通广大的孙悟空，也无法独自完成取经大任。然而，我们却能通过建立人际互赖关系，通过别人的帮助，来弥补自身的不足。请结合下图，以“The Importance of Cooperation”为题写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

正确答案： The Importance of Cooperation Do you regard it as a tale from the Thousand and One Nights if I say that two single- legged men stride forward without crutches they have to rely on? The above drawing depicts this touching miracle. With the support of each other, they abandon the walking sticks and, just as the caption at the bottom states, will travel extensively from north to south together with their combined legs. The picture shows: even disabled people can make up a capable team. It can be vividly illustrated by the beautiful dance Kwan-yin

of 1, 000 hands performed by 20 disabled girls during the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. With the perfect cooperation, these deaf-mute girls change disadvantages into advantages, and the impossible into reality. Without cooperation, a person or organization cannot accomplish much in the increasingly interdependent society we now live in. It is the cooperation based on the complementary advantages that will contribute to the ultimate success. Therefore, the spirit of cooperation should be embraced by every nation in the world. China, in order to achieve the goal of win-win and the common development, has been actively participating in the cooperation with other countries in various fields. In conclusion, cooperation is an essential element of

success.